This paper focuses on a neglected part of Dilthey’s œuvre that consists of papers on 16th–17th century philosophical issues. These papers are closer to interpretive articles than to original works, and so they are neither considered Dilthey’s original contributions to his own philosophy nor studied as part of the secondary literature. One of the most characteristic features of Dilthey’s philosophic style is the historical-systematic method mostly repudiated as concealing the real statement of the author “between the lines,” i.e. behind historical (...) analyses. Therefore these papers are not reckoned among Dilthey’s great works of enduring significance. This paper aims to make the reader more sensitive to the world and claims of these papers by way of an intermediary approach to them that acknowledges their intermediary position between a historical description and a systematic analysis. This is to be accomplished by having a look at the “pantheism” of Georg Misch, Dilthey’s largely forgotten pupil and son-in-law. (shrink)

Collection of papers presented at the First Budapest Seminar in Early Modern Philosophy.

Posicionando-se como “filósofo natural” no tratamento das paixões, Descartes dá início a uma secularização dos afetos ou emoções. Nisso ele é seguido por Spinoza. Em ambos os casos a abordagem filosófica dos afetos tem como consequência desvinculá-los da perspectiva moral, secularizando as emoções: separadas da moral, sua explicação desvincula-se ao mesmo tempo da religião, já que a moral encontra seus fundamentos no deus transcendente. Nesse ponto, Spinoza vai mais longe que Descartes, na secularização das emoções, pois nele o deus é (...) naturalizado, Deus sive natura. A generosidade, por exemplo, não depende mais de um deus dotado de boa vontade, mas sim do exercício natural do homem dotado de razão como parte da Natureza racionalizada. De modo que nem mesmo o amor intelectual de Deus seria substituto do impulso moral religioso: em Spinoza, tal amor, assim como a generosidade e a amizade, inscrevem-se na ordem necessária da natureza, não dependendo de uma vontade livre divina, mas também não se reduzindo a uma vontade humana. (shrink)

My “Letter” collects some facts concerning the 20th century history of Hungarian Philosophy as a basis for understanding its situation now. Progressive and conservative systems of thought dominated the first half of the century alternately, until the post-war communist regime refused to tolerate independent thinking. The new regime after 1956 was unpredictably hostile or tolerant towards philosophical dissenters. All this resulted in a multifaceted philosophical life in the period after 1989. Its basic tendency has been a historical approach issuing in (...) various disciplines like phenomenology and hermeneutics, analytical philosophy, postmodern thought, philosophy of religion, while ethics and aesthetics became disciplines in their own right. The “Letter” maps out some of the institutional bases of philosophizing as well as some of the dangers threatening independent philosophy. (shrink)

Eine aus der Zusammenarbeit der Herzog August Bibliothek mit der Ungarischen Akademie der Wissenschaften hervorgegangene Tagung beschaftigte sich mit einem sehr komplexen Traditionszusammenhang, der unter der Leitmetapher Einfluss thematisiert wurde. Ausgehend von Philosophen wie Hegel und Dilthey, die insbesondere die philosophiegeschichtliche Rolle des Stoizismus eingehender untersucht hatten, setzen sich die zehn Beitrager dieses Bandes mit dem Wesen einer sich wiederholenden Geschichte, mit bestimmten geschichtsphilosophischen Schemata auseinander. Sie legen Grenzen des zu untersuchenden Feldes fest und beziehen neue Stromungen in die Untersuchung (...) ein. Zugleich werden neue Quellen fur die fruhneuzeitliche Philosophie nutzbar gemacht, die durch ihre kaum beachteten Interpretationen des ursprunglich hellenistischen Gedankengutes den Neuanfang der Philosophie im 17. Jahrhundert massgeblich beeinflussten. (shrink)

The paper’s main task is to show how much Hume’s philosophy of passions is indebted to and continues the tradition of the philosophy of affects of the 17th century, in spite of the obvious fact that he departed from the main philosophical project of the 17th century, the tripartite unity of mathematics, metaphysics, and mechanical physics. A restructuring of Hume’s order of passions and its comparison to the order followed by Descartes will show up a special „cognitivist” character of Hume’s (...) thinking on emotion, even if the special experimental framework of Hume’s theory of passions prevents him from theorizing about the free will’s distinguished role in our lives or about the will’s grounding in the concept of a providentially active biblical God. (shrink)

Am Beispiel der im dritten Teil der Abhandlung über die Methode entworfenen "provisorischen Moral" soll gezeigt werden, wie Descartes den Versuch unternimmt, die zwei wichtigsten zeitgenössischen Denkanstöße, die mechanistische Philosophie und die traditionelle christliche Moral, zu Ende zu denken, ihren Gegensatz scharf hervorzuheben und sie miteinander zu versöhnen. Die Analyse des Sinns der Vorläufigkeit, des Vorwurfs des Konformismus, der traditionellen Unterscheidung von Negation und Privation - auch mit Blick auf ihre weitere Entwicklung im Briefwechsel zwischen Spinoza und Blyenbergh - führt (...) zu dem Ergebnis, daß der Versöhnungsversuch, dessen Ziel die Ausarbeitung einer "definitiven" Ethik war, am Ende gescheitert ist. Descartes leitet eine Ära ein, in der nach Maßstäben und Beweggründen nur noch innerhalb einer provisorischen Ethik - dessen wahrer Gegensatz eine providenzielle Ethik ist - Ausschau gehalten werden kann. (shrink)

Collection of papers presented at the 2nd and 3rd Budapest Seminar in Early Modern Philosophy.

This paper takes a look at seventeenth-century theories of emotion, and their influence on contemporary philosophical and psychological approaches to the subject. Although at a first glance some of these seventeenth-century theories may seem to be outdated, this is often a result of a simplistic reading, and in fact there are promising ways to “update” these theories. Reading seventeenth-century theories from our own perspective reveals new aspects of the work of our predecessors, which, in turn, can inspire further contemporary developments.

This article examines how the Stoic ideals of impassivity and repression gave way to favourable treatments of the emotions, particular passion. It suggest that one of the trademarks of philosophy in the early modern period is the renewal of the theory of passions on the basis of the new mechanical-corpuscular philosophy which René Descartes regarded as his signal contribution to ethics. It also discusses the systematic character of the theories of passions, the theologico-philosophical approaches to the emotions, and the conception (...) of love as a counterweight to solipsism. (shrink)