Afrontamos un tema tan particular como el propuesto desde una perspectiva historicista con la voluntad de insertar aquello que podríamos simplemente observar dentro de los textos en una corriente que iría más allá de la mera sincronía o el apunte estético. Pensamos, por lo tanto, que un acercamiento diacrónico a la obra puede poner de relieve un sentido más luminoso y completo. Sería, en este sentido, una corriente evidentemente más ancha y difusa que desembocaría en la posibilidad de crear una (...) obra cuyas características no afloran arbitrariamente, sino que constituyen el producto provisional de un proceso aún activo. Partimos de un hecho evidente: las ciudades han sufrido a lo largo de los últimos doscientos años un proceso de cambio sin precedentes. Sobre esa base, situaremos a Gil de Biedma, voz surgida en una ciudad –conviene recordarlo– cuya vocación europea es para bien y para mal única en España, en una cima virtual sobre cuyas faldas y en diferentes cotas iremos situando distintos textos, ideas diversas. Digo textos y no autores a sabiendas y refiriéndome siempre al estrecho territorio que respecta a la ciudad. (shrink)

A number of multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) and commodity roundtables have been created since the 1990s to respond to the growing criticism of agriculture’s environmental and social impacts. Driven by private and global-scale actors, these initiatives are setting global standards for sustainable agricultural practices. They claim to follow the new standard-making virtues of inclusiveness and consensus and base their legitimacy on their claim of balanced representation of, and participation by, all categories of stakeholders. This principle of representing a wide range of (...) interests with a balance of power is at the heart of a new type of action that forms part of a broader political liberal model for building coalitions of interest groups. The intention of this symposium is to assess the nature of processes and outcomes of this model while paying particular attention to the forms of inclusion and exclusion they generate. In this introduction, we highlight the differences in theoretical approaches to analyzing MSIs and the manifestation of power through them. We distinguish between more traditional political–economy approaches and approaches concerned with ideational and normative power, such as convention theory. We discuss some of the main paradoxes of MSIs related to their willingness to be “inclusive” and at the same time their exclusionary or “closure” effects due in part to interactions with existing political economic contexts and embedded power inequalities, as well as more subtle manifestations of power linked to the favoring of some forms of knowledge and engagement over others. (shrink)

Emmanuel Levinas (1906–1996) has exerted a profound influence on 20th-century continental philosophy. This anthology, including Levinas's key philosophical texts over a period of more than forty years, provides an ideal introduction to his thought and offers insights into his most innovative ideas. Five of the ten essays presented here appear in English for the first time. An introduction by Adriaan Peperzak outlines Levinas's philosophical development and the basic themes of his writings. Each essay is accompanied by a brief introduction (...) and notes. This collection is an ideal text for students of philosophy concerned with understanding and assessing the work of this major philosopher. (shrink)

El movimiento educativo Filosofía para niños y niñas pretende que los estudiantes desde la más tierna infancia sean capaces de pensar por sí mismo de manera efectiva y afectiva. Para ello activamos tres dimensiones del pensamiento: pensamiento crítico, pensamiento creativo, y pensamiento cuidadoso. Palabras clave: filosofía, pensar, autonomía, critico, creativo, cuidadoso.

L'oeuvre de ce Catalan s'inscrit à la rencontre de Saint-Augustin, Saint Anselme, Saint Bernard... Sebond parvient à définir une sorte de "socratisme chrétien". Dans son "Liber creaturarum" il apparaît à la fois comme théologien, philosophe humaniste et apologiste de la foi.

Objetivo general: Analizar la evolución del estudio de las necesidades humanas desde los autores clásicos hasta los teóricos actuales. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica de las necesidades humanas desde distintas perspectivas de las ciencias sociales. Resultados: En las grandes corrientes científicas que teorizan sobre las necesidades humanas, se observan distintas maneras de conceptualizarlas, aunque en su mayoría contemplan las necesidades como constructo social, que puede interpretarse vinculado al momento socio-histórico.

Abstract:This article will analyze the feeling of restlessness that we discover in the representation of the border areas, seen as extreme and paradigmatic landscapes of contemporary society. The analysis is based on three narrative works of current Catalan literature: Dies de frontera (Frontier days; 2014) by Vicenç Pagèsa; La pell de la frontera (The skin of the frontier; 2014) by Francesc Serés, and L'horitzó primer (The first horizon; 2014) by Joan Todó. Traditional Catalan—and European—literature, has long since lent great weight (...) to literary representation of landscape in the creation of identity and culture. Now, however, with the desolate, degraded and forgotten landscapes of the peripheries and borders, the narrative of place speaks to us of personal and collective crises. In recent decades, academics speak of a spatial turn in the humanities, and some even talk of a shift in civilization tied to the landscape. Catalan fiction is a good example of this shift. We shall analyze these three books to see how this place is perceived aesthetically and define the feeling of disquiet and restlessness which emerges, in the end, from these specific and deeply human observations. (shrink)

In this landmark study, Emmanuel Levinas discusses the aspects and function of intuition in Husserl's thought and its meaning for philosophical self-reflection.

As Emmanuel Levinas states in the preface to Existence and Existents, "this study is a preparatory one. It examines . . . the problem of the Good, time, and the relationship with the other [person] as a movement toward the Good." First published in 1947, and written mostly during Levinas's imprisonment during World War II, this work provides the first sketch of his mature thought later developed fully in Totality and Infinity and Otherwise than Being, or Beyond Essence. This (...) new edition marks the first time this important work has been made available in an inexpensive paperback edition. Levinas's project in Existence and Existents is to move from anonymous existence to the emergence of subjectivity; to subjectivity's practice, theory and morality; to its encounter with the alterity of the other person. He is concerned here primarily with the time of the solitary subject; time is the inner structure of subjectivity, of the movement of existing. "Levinas's work," says Alphonso Lingis, "contains not only wholly new analyses of the forms of time of the present, the past, the future but also a new conception of the work of time." Beginning with Existence and Existents, then, it is possible to begin tracing the progressive "alterization" of time as it unfolds across the development of Levinas's entire philosophy. As a "preparatory" study, Existence and Existents introduces the major themes and concerns that occupied Levinas throughout his career. This is essential reading for understanding both Levinas's own philosophy and the developments in philosophical thought in the twentieth century. (shrink)

A masterful series of interviews with Levinas, conducted by French philosopher Philippe Nemo, which provides a succinct presentation of Levinas's philosophy.

Analyse dans la perspective phénoménologique de l'essence comme expression de "l'être" différent de l'"étant". Substitution, dans la subjectivité, de soi à autrui.

Thomas d’Aquin n’a pas simplement écrit une somme « contre » les gentils ( contra Gentiles), mais aussi et surtout une somme « pour » les gentils ( pro Gentilibus ). La raison naturelle, unique recours pour les mahométans et les païens lorsqu’il n’y a pas d’Écriture en commun (contrairement aux juifs et aux hérétiques), n’est pas que le lieu vertical de l’accès à Dieu ; elle désigne aussi le topos horizontal d’une communauté d’humanité capable de nous rassembler. La « (...) raison » hier (Thomas d’Aquin) joue le rôle de la « finitude » aujourd’hui (Heidegger) – à savoir ce qui fait notre « en commun ». Telle est l’unique perspective d’une apologétique qui ne se tiendra plus dans une sorte de « transcendance de surplomb » (Merleau-Ponty), comme si l’absolu était immédiatement donné. On cessera alors d’opposer « métaphysique » et « théologie », dans un discours prétendument pur et faussement recherché. C’est à transformer la tradition plutôt qu’à la dépasser que nous convie la leçon du concile de Nicée (325). Le « c’est-à-dire » de la même substance du Père ( homoousios ) traduit bien le biblique en hellénique, plutôt qu’il ne tente de sortir de l’hellénique comme tel. Ainsi, le fameux « ce que tous nomment Dieu » ( et omnes dicunt Deum ) à la fin de chacune des cinq voies de Thomas d’Aquin indique moins l’idole d’un Dieu conceptuel à dépasser, que l’icône d’un Dieu rationnel qui, dans sa kénose, habite aussi notre propre nature pour la transformer. De la théo -logie où « seul Dieu parle bien de Dieu » (génitif subjectif), on passera donc à la théo- logie où « l’homme peut aussi, et en partie au moins, parler de Dieu » (génitif objectif). Un nouveau rapport de la métaphysique à la théologie s’instaure ici, capable d’initier une autre relation du croyant au monde. (shrink)

Cet article analyse la transformation des modes de coordination associée à la modernisation des entreprises. Nous observons que l'adoption massive et transversale des technologies de l'information et de la communication et que la mise en oeuvre de nouvelles pratiques d'organisation du travail conduisent à l'intensification de la communication des salariés, l'élargissement de leur périmètre de communication et plus largement au développement de réseaux de communication non hiérarchiques. Dans cette optique, nous envisageons la communication interpersonnelle comme un mécanisme de coordination privilégié (...) dans les firmes qui se modernisent.This article analyzes the transformation of modes of coordination associated with the modernization of enterprises. We observe that the mass adoption and transverse information technology and communication and the implementation of new practices of work organization lead to increased communication workers, expanding their scope of communication, and more broadly to the development of non-hierarchical communication networks. In this context, we consider the interpersonal communication as a coordination mechanism in privileged firms modernize. (shrink)

Vers la fin des années 1750, une Académie de Mathématiques fut créée au sein de l’Académie Militaire de la Garde du Corps à Madrid, dirigée par Pedro Padilla jusqu’à sa fermeture en 1760. En 1753, Padilla commença à publier son Cours Militaire de Mathématiques pour l’usage de cette Académie. Le besoin de textes mathématiques en espagnol dans le domaine militaire a conduit à la création en 1757 de la Société Royale Militaire de Mathématiques à Madrid sous la direction de Pedro (...) de Lucuce, lui aussi directeur de l’Académie Militaire de Mathématiques de Barcelone depuis 1738. Les membres de la Société ont été chargés de l’élaboration d’un cours complet dans lequel les mathématiques étaient considérées comme essentielles à la formation militaire des officiers artilleurs et des ingénieurs militaires. La Société, supprimée en 1760, a réussi à réunir une excellente bibliothèque scientifique et technique servant à son tour à fournir des futures bibliothèques militaires. Le but de cette contribution est d’explorer et de comparer la manière dont l’étude des mathématiques a été abordée dans ces deux cas. Toward the end of 1750, an Academy of Mathematics was established within the Military Academy of Royal Guards of Madrid that was managed by Pedro Padilla until it closed in 1760. In 1753, Padilla authored and published his Military Course of Mathematics for the specific use by this Academy. The further need for mathematical texts in Spanish for military training coursework led to the founding of the Royal Military Society of Mathematics of Madrid in 1757 under the direction of Pedro de Lucuce, the headmaster of the Barcelona Military Academy of Mathematics since 1738. The members of this Society were entrusted with producing a comprehensive course program in which mathematics was considered and presented as essential to training of military engineers and gunners. The Society of Mathematics was dissolved in 1760 but had succeeded in building an extensive scientific and technical book depository that later served as a valuable resource supplying other military libraries. The aim of this contribution is to explore and compare how the study of mathematics was approached in these two cases. (shrink)

Vers la fin des années 1750, une Académie de Mathématiques fut créée au sein de l’Académie Militaire de la Garde du Corps à Madrid, dirigée par Pedro Padilla (1724-1807?) jusqu’à sa fermeture en 1760. En 1753, Padilla commença à publier son Cours Militaire de Mathématiques (1753 -1756) pour l’usage de cette Académie. Le besoin de textes mathématiques en espagnol dans le domaine militaire a conduit à la création en 1757 de la Société Royale Militaire de Mathématiques à Madrid sous la (...) direction de Pedro de Lucuce (1692-1779), lui aussi directeur de l’Académie Militaire de Mathématiques de Barcelone depuis 1738. Les membres de la Société ont été chargés de l’élaboration d’un cours complet dans lequel les mathématiques étaient considérées comme essentielles à la formation militaire des officiers artilleurs et des ingénieurs militaires. La Société, supprimée en 1760, a réussi à réunir une excellente bibliothèque scientifique et technique servant à son tour à fournir des futures bibliothèques militaires. Le but de cette contribution est d’explorer et de comparer la manière dont l’étude des mathématiques a été abordée dans ces deux cas. Toward the end of 1750, an Academy of Mathematics was established within the Military Academy of Royal Guards of Madrid that was managed by Pedro Padilla (1724-1807?) until it closed in 1760. In 1753, Padilla authored and published his Military Course of Mathematics (1753-1756) for the specific use by this Academy. The further need for mathematical texts in Spanish for military training coursework led to the founding of the Royal Military Society of Mathematics of Madrid in 1757 under the direction of Pedro de Lucuce (1692-1779), the headmaster of the Barcelona Military Academy of Mathematics since 1738. The members of this Society were entrusted with producing a comprehensive course program in which mathematics was considered and presented as essential to training of military engineers and gunners. The Society of Mathematics was dissolved in 1760 but had succeeded in building an extensive scientific and technical book depository that later served as a valuable resource supplying other military libraries. The aim of this contribution is to explore and compare how the study of mathematics was approached in these two cases. (shrink)

Shareholder activism has become a force for good in the extant corporate governance literature. In this article, we present a case study of Nigeria to show how shareholder activism, as a corporate governance mechanism, can constitute a space for unhealthy politics and turbulent politicking, which is a reflection of the country’s brand of politics. As a result, we point out some translational challenges, and suggest more caution, in the diffusion of corporate governance practices across different institutional environments. We contribute to (...) the literature on corporate governance in Africa, whilst creating an understanding of the political embeddedness of shareholder activism in different institutional contexts—i.e. a step closer to a political theorising of shareholder activism. (shrink)

Reproduit quatre conférences faites en 1946 et 1947 sous ce titre au Collège de philosophie, et interroge la notion de temps comme limitation même de l'être fini ou comme relation de l'être fini à Dieu (Electre).

What new forms of ethical engagement are emerging in naturecultural worlds? In this paper I explore the example of the practical ethics of the permaculture movement. I put these in dialogue first with new approaches to ethics in biopolitics and naturecultures and second with a reading of feminist care ethics. Across this discussion I focus on the potential of ethos transformations experienced through everyday doings to promote ethical obligations of care. If we are living in a naturecultural world where politics (...) and ethics conflate in biopolitics, the permaculture movement is an example of an alter-biopolitical intervention. It works within bios with an ethics of collective empowerment that puts caring at the heart of its search of alternatives for hopeful flourishing for all beings. (shrink)

This paper has a double purpose: firstly, to assess the importance of seiðr magic rituals and of its practitioners within the social and mythological framework of Old norse-icelandic Literature. Secondly, by means of the analysis of certain scenes in The Saga of Gísli Súrsson, i aim to demonstrate that the inclusion of magic-religious motifs in the Sagas of icelanders has a triple objective: to provide a model to help understand apparently inexplicable phenomena, to intensify the tragic tone of the plot (...) and finally to depict those involved in the performance of seiðr in a very negative light. (shrink)

El artículo analiza la función de la teología cristiana en la sociedad actual. A tal fin, el autor comienza por sintetizar los elementos más característicos de la sociedad que se está gestando. En segundo lugar, propone la necesidad de una mediación cultural para la comunicación del evangelio. Seguidamente, el autor reclama el necesario diálogo de la teología con la cultura y la universidad. Y el estudio termina por presentar sintéticamente el papel de los centros superiores de enseñanza de la teología, (...) según las recomendaciones de la Veritatis Gaudium del papa Francisco. (shrink)

What new forms of ethical engagement are emerging in naturecultural worlds? In this paper I explore the example of the practical ethics of the permaculture movement. I put these in dialogue first with new approaches to ethics in biopolitics and naturecultures and second with a reading of feminist care ethics. Across this discussion I focus on the potential of ethos transformations experienced through everyday doings to promote ethical obligations of care. If we are living in a naturecultural world where politics (...) and ethics conflate in biopolitics, the permaculture movement is an example of an alter-biopolitical intervention. It works within bios with an ethics of collective empowerment that puts caring at the heart of its search of alternatives for hopeful flourishing for all beings. (shrink)

What new forms of ethical engagement are emerging in naturecultural worlds? In this paper I explore the example of the practical ethics of the permaculture movement. I put these in dialogue first with new approaches to ethics in biopolitics and naturecultures and second with a reading of feminist care ethics. Across this discussion I focus on the potential of ethos transformations experienced through everyday doings to promote ethical obligations of care. If we are living in a naturecultural world where politics (...) and ethics conflate in biopolitics, the permaculture movement is an example of an alter-biopolitical intervention. It works within bios with an ethics of collective empowerment that puts caring at the heart of its search of alternatives for hopeful flourishing for all beings. (shrink)

Spirituality connotes praxis informed by religious or faith convictions. This can transform the individual and society at large. Christian spirituality is centered on how a person’s relationship with the God of Jesus Christ informs and directs one’s approach to existence and engagement with the world. The ecosystem concerns humanity and relationship with it is invariably influenced by faith or religious informed praxis. The reality of climate change is convincing many people that humankind’s common homeland needs to be treated with care (...) and respect if created beings are to have a congenial habitat now and in the future. This article avers that Christian spirituality can contribute to eco-friendly behavior through re-formation of the behavior of people and emboldening their goodwill as regards the responsibility of all towards the care of the earth. Finally, this research proffers a three-fold model of eco-spirituality - scriptural, selfcontrol, and sacramental approaches to the earth – as a contribution towards stemming the tide of ecological assaults on creation. Textual analysis is the method used in this research. (shrink)

Presupposition, vagueness, and oddness can lead to some sentences failing to have a clear truth value. The homogeneity property of plural predication with definite descriptions may also create truth-value gaps: The books are written in Dutch is true if all relevant books are in Dutch, false if none of them are, and neither true nor false if, say, half of the books are written in Dutch. We study the projection property of homogeneity by deploying methods of general interest to identify (...) truth-value gaps. Method A consists in collecting both truth judgments and, independently, falsity judgments. The second method, employed in experiment series B and C, is based on one-shot ternary judgments: completely true vs. completely false vs. neither. After a calibration of these methods, we use them to demonstrate that homogeneity projects out of negation, the scope of universal sentences and the scope of non-monotonic quantifiers such as exactly two, to some extent. We assess our results in light of different theoretical approaches to homogeneity—approaches based on presuppositions, scalar implicatures, and something like supervaluations, respectively. We identify free parameters in these theories and assess various variants of them based on our results. Our experimental paradigms may be of broader significance insofar as they can be applied to other phenomena which result in the failure of a sentence to have a definite truth value. (shrink)