Célio Azevedo hallitun kaaoksen filosofia piilee 2000-luvun silmissä terävän nihilismin teorian abstraktiossa. Teos kokoaa yhteen monipuolisen näkemyksen kirjailijan tämän päivän elämän pääteemoista.

Uma análise política e jornalística a respeito da queda do socialismo na Rússia e no leste europeu. Estudo originalmente realizado em 2006.

Resenha da Obra Linguagens Pajubeyras: ReSistência Cultural e Subversão da Heteronormatividade de autoria de Carlos Henrique Lucas de Lima.

A Divina Comédia, de Dante Alighieri, é uma obra influenciadora, já que, no decorrer do tempo, continua sendo relida, revisitada e reproduzida de diferentes maneiras: filmes, pinturas, best-sellers, teatros entre outros modos. Graças à vastidão de seu sentido, muitos estudiosos dela se valem para criar outras obras, a exemplo do filósofo Giorgio Agamben, que se valeu de aspectos a ela subjacentes para retomá-la e efetuar estudos filosóficos. Por ser continuamente lida, relida, retomada, ser influência para inúmeros autores e instigante para (...) muitos estudos a seu respeito, ela continua viva no tempo, o que a faz uma obra canônica. E disso também advém o seu caráter rizomático, como é vista por muitos autores. Palavras-chave : Divina Comédia. Giorgio Agamben. Literatura. Relações de poder. ABSTRACT The Divine Comedy, written by Dante Alighieri, is an influential work, since over time, it continues to be reread, revisited and reproduced in different ways, such as: movies, paintings, bestsellers, theaters among other manners. Due to the expanse of its meaning, many scholars make use of it to create other works, as an example the philosopher Giorgio Agamben, who drew upon its underlying aspects to retake it and make philosophical studies. For being continuously read, reread, retaken, influencing many writers and thought-provoking for many studies about it, it is still alive in time, what makes it a canonical work. And it also accrues its rhizomatic character, as it is seen by many authors. Keywords : The Divine Comedy. Giorgio Agamben. Literature. (shrink)

The perception of being located within one’s body is an essential feature of everyday self-experience. However, by manipulating exteroceptive input, healthy participants can easily be induced to perceive themselves as being spatially dislocated from their physical bodies. It has previously been suggested that interoception, i.e., the processing of inner physiological signals, contributes to the stability of body representations; however, this relationship has not previously been tested for different dimensions of interoception and bodily self-location. In the present study, using an advanced (...) automatized setup, we systematically manipulated participants’ perspective of their own body as well as the synchrony of visuotactile stimulation. The malleability of bodily self-location was assessed using a questionnaire targeting in-body and out-of-body experiences. Participants also performed a heartbeat discrimination task to assess their interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive sensibility, and interoceptive awareness. Bodily self-location was significantly influenced by perspective, with third-person perspective being associated with stronger out-of-body experiences compared to first-person perspective. Furthermore, there was a significant perspective × stimulation interaction, with subsequent analyses showing that participants reported out-of-body experiences particularly under third-person perspective combined with synchronous visuotactile stimulation. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that meta-cognitive interoceptive awareness was specifically and negatively related to the exteroceptively mediated malleability of body experiences. These results indicate that the perception of the self being located within one’s body relies on the interaction of exteroceptive input and higher-order interoceptive abilities. This has implications for theoretical considerations about the bodily self in health as well as for the understanding of disturbed bodily self-processing in clinical contexts. (shrink)

The private sector plays an active role in implementation of mechanisms concerning the mitigation of climate change. In spite of that, the corporate actors play a limited direct role in international arenas when it comes to negotiating the design of climate and energy regime. The climate and energy governance in the United Nations system remains mostly state-centric, but the active participation of corporate actors in negotiation of climate and energy regimes is essential to increase the effectiveness of their governance. Business (...) is not just a subject of a regulatory climate and energy imposed by the state; rather, business is an intrinsic part of the fabric of climate and energy governance, as “rule-maker,” particularly in the many voluntary regimes. However, the architecture in place should guarantee that the private sector does not highjack the decisions and its positions are balanced by other non-governmental actors in the process. This article analyzes the role that the private sector can play in the global climate and energy governance. The private sector does not only play a “rule taker” role in the climate change and energy regime. Indeed, they are not passive observers as they influence through indirect means. The results suggest that the private sector is able to play a key role in global climate and energy governance based on the principle of multi-stakeholder participation in global decision-making, but the architecture should be able to balance the goods and bads of private direct influence in international regimes. (shrink)

In Unfit for the Future, Ingmar Persson and Julian Savulescu present a sophisticated argument in defense of the imperative of moral enhancement. They claim that without moral enhancement, the future of humanity is seriously compromised. The possibility of ultimate harm, caused by a dreadful terrorist attack or by a final unpreventable escalation of the present environmental crisis aggravated by the availability of cognitive enhancement, makes moral enhancement a top priority. It may be considered optimistic to think that our present moral (...) capabilities can be successfully improved by means of moral education, moral persuasion, and fear of punishment. So, without moral enhancement, drastic restrictions on human freedom would become the only alternative to prevent those dramatic potential outcomes. In this article, I will try to show that we still have reason to be less pessimistic and that Persson & Savulescu’s arguments are fortunately unconvincing. (shrink)

This text represents our first attempting to offer a Metaphysic model to interpret the late modernity (which emerges in the middle of the 18th century and goes along until the end of the IIWW) through the concept of Teleontology. Thus, Teleontology means the procedure of the spirit of the late modern age to shift its paradigms from ontology (an investigation about the being as being, in which existence means an attribute) to teleology, in which essence must be conquered and revealed (...) in the final of a progressive process. Instead of Being, Man became the main object of this investigation; the question of the being as being has given way as to an enlightened concept of being-man (never reached) as also to the task to achieve this in order to satisfy what reason designed to human species. However, as this project of achieving the concept of Being-Man advanced, its true nature became clear: a unilateral and arbitrary colonial expansion, which forced everyone to follow Teleontological paradigms. Teleontology can demonstrate that Greek-Christian metaphysics means a particular element (never universal) submitted to a specific culture and, in this case, expresses the structure of Eurocentric thought that became global by way of the expanding of capitalism/colonialism. Specifically, in this text, we propose to investigate: 1 - what is Teleontology; 2 - what are its objects; 3 - what are its origins. (shrink)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar dois distintos projetos formativos: a paideia grega e a Bildung do esclarecimento alemão representada por Kant e Hegel, bem como o desenvolvimento desta última em Halbbildung no século XX. Para compreender os sentidos e contornos históricos em que essas formulações estavam postas, tornou-se necessário inseri-las no contexto mais geral das formações sociais em que elas estavam inseridas, revelando suas contradições.

Emotions are a core factor of learning. Studies have shown that multiple emotions are co-experienced during learning and have a significant impact on learning outcomes. The present study investigated the importance of multiple, co-occurring emotions during learning about human biology with MetaTutor, a hypermedia-based intelligent tutoring system. Person-centered as well as variable-centered approaches of cluster analyses were used to identify emotion clusters. The person-centered clustering analyses indicated three emotion profiles: a positive, negative and neutral profile. Students with a negative profile (...) learned less than those with other profiles and also reported less usage of emotion regulation strategies. Emotion clusters identified through spectral co-clustering confirmed these results. Throughout the learning activity, emotions built a stable correlational structure of a positive, a negative, a neutral and a boredom emotion cluster. Positive emotion cluster scores before the learning activity and negative emotion cluster scores during the learning activity predicted learning, but not consistently. These results reveal the importance of negative emotions during learning with MetaTutor. Potential moderating factors and implications for the design and development of educational interventions that target emotions and emotion regulation with digital learning environments are discussed. (shrink)

Este artículo está basado en la Teoría de la Argumentación en la Lengua, originalmente creada por Oswald Ducrot y Jean-Claude Anscombre, y reformulada por Oswald Ducrot y Marion Carel. A partir de la TAL, Azevedo creó un modelo para la descripción semántica del discurso, con base en el cual se analiza un discurso publicado por la revista Nova Escola. En primer lugar, consideramos la argumentación, después, sigue una breve explicación del bloque semántico, de la cadena argumentativa y la polifonía, (...) seguido por la presentación del modelo de Azevedo y la análisis semántico-argumentativa de un discurso. Este análisis nos ha permitido demostrar, una vez más, la validez de la TAL y la eficacia del modelo de Azevedo para describir el significado del discurso seleccionado para este trabajo.Este artigo fundamenta-se na Teoria da Argumentação na Língua, criada inicialmente por Oswald Ducrot e Jean-Claude Anscombre, e corroborada/ reformulada por Oswald Ducrot e Marion Carel. A partir da TAL, Azevedo criou um modelo para a descrição semântica do discurso, com base no qual se analisa um discurso publicado pela revista Nova Escola. Primeiramente, tecemos considerações sobre a argumentação, após, apresentamos uma breve explicação sobre bloco semântico, encadeamento argumentativo e polifonia, seguida da apresentação do modelo de Azevedo e da análise semânticoargumentativa de um discurso. Essa análise possibilitou-nos comprovar, mais uma vez, a validade da TAL e a eficácia do modelo de Azevedo para a descrição do sentido do discurso selecionado para este trabalho. (shrink)

O que é o Sufismo? Em que ele acredita? O que ele pratica? É ele uma vertente mística do Islã para alguns poucos, ou uma via aberta a muitos? O que são as confrarias ou ordens sufis? Qual a sua natureza e sua razão de ser? Qual a sua origem e seu desenvolvimento histórico? São elas “iniciáticas’’ e destinadas a uma elite espiritual, ou “populares’’ e acessíveis em princípio a todos os fieis? Estas são algumas das questões que este ensaio (...) busca responder. (shrink)

For academic administrators, the management of research remains a matter more of hope than expectation. It has proved particularly difficult to measure quality. Managers typically view research as an ‹asset’. This essay argues that it is more useful to view research and its management as ‹process’, and explores the implications of doing so for managers and researchers alike.

Self-regulated learning is critical for learning across tasks, domains, and contexts. Despite its importance, research shows that not all learners are equally skilled at accurately and dynamically monitoring and regulating their self-regulatory processes. Therefore, learning technologies, such as intelligent tutoring systems, have been designed to measure and foster SRL. This paper presents an overview of over 10 years of research on SRL with MetaTutor, a hypermedia-based ITS designed to scaffold college students’ SRL while they learn about the human circulatory system. (...) MetaTutor’s architecture and instructional features are designed based on models of SRL, empirical evidence on human and computerized tutoring principles of multimedia learning, Artificial Intelligence in educational systems for metacognition and SRL, and research on SRL from our team and that of other researchers. We present MetaTutor followed by a synthesis of key research findings on the effectiveness of various versions of the system on learning outcomes. First, we focus on findings from self-reports, learning outcomes, and multimodal data and their contributions to our understanding of SRL with an ITS. Second, we elaborate on the role of embedded pedagogical agents as external regulators designed to scaffold learners’ cognitive and metacognitive SRL strategy use. Third, we highlight and elaborate on the contributions of multimodal data in measuring and understanding the role of cognitive, affective, metacognitive, and motivational processes. Additionally, we unpack some of the challenges these data pose for designing real-time instructional interventions that scaffold SRL. Fourth, we present existing theoretical, methodological, and analytical challenges and briefly discuss lessons learned and open challenges. (shrink)

The scope of this article is to propose a reflection about the concept of citizenship presented by Aristotle in his work “Politics”, and which people were considered citizens then in comparison to nowadays. There is no intention to make a deep historical assessment about the particularities of each period of time, but analyse the characteristics which kept some groups inside of the political life and as well kept other groups away from it, in order to demonstrate how strong is the (...) maintenance of the estrangement between people who achieve everything is possible to, whereas other groups cannot achieve even what is deemed to be worthy by law. Keywords: citizenship; citizen; state; law; minorities; achievement. (shrink)

Advocates of the Person-Centered Healthcare (PCH) approach say that PCH is a response to a failure of caring for patients as persons. Nevertheless, there are many human subjects falling to fulfill the requirements of a traditional philosophical definition of personhood. Hence, if we take, PCH seriously, a greater clarification of the key terminology of PCH is urgently needed. It seems necessary, for instance, that the concept of the person should be extended in order to include those individuals with insipient or (...) immature levels of consciousness, as well as those who are severely and permanently mentally handicapped. In this article, we will depart from some well-known philosophical concepts of what it means to be a person and try to offer a broader and more inclusive meaning. We suggest that persons are human beings with a socially recognized biography, which implies to recognize as persons individuals with necessities, but also with narratives about their interests and claims, expressed sometimes by other people related to them. This is particularly the case of individuals that suffer from severe disorders of consciousness. For those, is not only care that matters; respect matters too. Caregivers should therefore not only sympathetically care for the well-being of these people; they should also be concerned to respect their interests and claims by interpreting them empathetically, in the light of their biographical story. Our conclusion is that, in order to be coherent, PCH must consider individuals with severe disorders of consciousness as persons and we think that our revised concept of personhood fits with this requirement. (shrink)

Este artigo pretende mostrar a gênese e a conquista do conceito de filosofia cosmopolita de Kant ao longo do seu período pré-crítico. Esse conceito foi erigido por meio das pesquisas de Kant tanto sobre o que significava filosofar na Antiguidade quanto sobre a pretensão de encontrar um método que resolvesse o problema da cientificidade da metafísica. Defende-se que tal conceito é o principal elemento que dota sua filosofia de organicidade, de maneira a conceder coerência lógica ao longo de toda a (...) reflexão crítica: da Crítica da razão pura até o Opus Postumum, Kant conserva os conteúdos e a forma de tal conceito, na medida em que este interessa a todos os humanos, pois visa à consecução de fins racionais aplicados à resolução dos problemas humanos. A investigação, portanto, divide-se em três tópicos: (I) a reflexão das décadas de 1740 e 1750; (II) o problema do método em fi losofi a próprio à década de 1760; e, finalmente, (III) a formulação do conceito de filosofia cosmopolita ao longo da década de 1770, formulação que subjaz à costura dos fundamentos do projeto crítico. (shrink)

Using the insights of evolutionary epistemology, the author develops a new naturalist realist methodology of science, and applies it to the conceptual, practical, and ethical problems of the social sciences.

Na sequência de desastres com barragens de megacorporações como o grupo Samarco/Vale/BHP é certo ocorrer a exigência imediata de respostas públicas, cujos vieses cognitivos, ao conferir notoriedade aos efeitos recentes, não dão aos riscos passados ou desconhecidos a abordagem adequada à sua condição de causa. Como reação instantânea à distorção de foco as políticas ambientais, no setor minerário, têm dado protagonismo a mudanças regulatórias criadas a toque de caixa, preocupadas muito mais em dirimir a consternação social do que em resolver (...) o dilema de instituições administrativas responsáveis pela fiscalização dos barramentos de rejeitos, cujo fim maior é assegurar as vidas humanas e o meio ambiente envolvidos. Este artigo se debruça no estudo das implicações da complexidade do sistema público vigente, marcado pela descoordenação entre os órgãos competentes e suas políticas públicas regulatórias, e como a análise das causas pode indicar caminhos no tratamento dos desajustes na governança minerária, amenizando a problemática do controle de segurança. (shrink)

Since before we can remember, humanity aims to overcome its biological limitations; such a goal has certainly played a key role in the advent of technique. However, despite the benefits that technique may bring, the people who make use of it will inevitably be under risk of harm. Even though human technical wisdom consists in attaining the best result without compromising anybody’s safety, misuses are always a possibility in the horizon. Nowadays, technology can be used for more than just improving (...) human capacities, preserving and restoring health or promoting human well-being. It also enables us to overcome human limitations and reach way beyond our "natural design". That being said, what could possibly justify the fear for these new directions of biotechnology? Should medicine and health care change their traditional goals and begin searching for artificial improvements to wellness in human nature? In this paper, I will hereby present and briefly discuss the main topics of the contemporary issue of human enhancement: the therapy-enhancement distinction, the possibility of cognitive enhancements and better physical performances, the fight against senescence, the arguments for and against human eugenics, the search for perfection, the quest of moral enhancement, the problem of public priorities, and some questions on medical ethics. Then, finally, I will want to present some realist perspectives on the subject. (shrink)

Dissertação SILVA, Célio Antunes da. Estudo do corpo a partir de Merleau-Ponty: possibilidades para uma releitura da tradição cristã na contemporaneidade. 2016. Dissertação - Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte.

Apresentação da obra Nietzsche e a dissolução da moral.

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de aprofundar o debate sobre a noção de experiência musical, explicitando os aspectos epistemológicos de uma interpretação filosófica a qual chamamos de simbólico-transcendental. Trata-se do projeto teórico iniciado por Ernst Cassirer, e retomado por Susanne Langer, o qual defende que as manifestações da Cultura são formas simbólicas particulares, quais sejam: conhecimento, linguagem, mito, religião e arte, sendo a partir destas que é possível ao espírito humano significar o real de modo objetivo. A capacidade de (...) simbolizar, por sua vez, constitui-se como resultado de uma função operativa, transcendental e válida a priori, a qual é o aspecto fundante que marca a diferença entre o homens e animais, por exemplo. Para que a experiência musical possa ser entendida nos termos da interpretação simbólico-transcendental que construiremos aqui, realizaremos um percurso argumentativo cujo três momentos centrais são: i) a compreensão da arte como uma forma simbólica particular, ii) a distinção entre arte e linguagem enquanto formas simbólicas e como condição necessária para a teoria da arte de Susanne Langer e iii) os aspectos constitutivos da experiência musical. (shrink)

A origem da Antropologia de Kantiana aponta para a coerência do projeto de filosofia deste autor: a proposição de padrões para a resolução de problemas humanos segundo uma finalidade prática da experiência social. Assim, este artigo tem como pano de fundo a ideia que apesar de Kant iniciar a sua filosofia crítica buscando as condições de possibilidade de cientificidade da metafísica, ele flexionou seu projeto, após 1793, em vista do principal objeto de qualquer teoria filosófica moderna, o homem, sendo a (...) antropologia sua ciência. Com isso, exporei que a antropologia não surgiu da psicologia empírica, apesar de ter dela se servido em seu início por falta de um melhor manual de teoria empírica; isso significa que apesar da noção de sujeito ser essencial na filosofia crítica, ela não satisfaz as finalidades humanas, que se vinculam à espécie, em geral. Finalmente, mostrarei que a geografia física é o marco inicial da antropologia kantiana, devido o fato de ser um conhecimento do mundo físico e humano, cuja importância deste último tornou inevitável sua independência, em vista da fundação da ciência do homem. Este artigo também ajuda lateralmente a compreender certo esquecimento da antropologia kantiana por parte da antropologia social e cultural, que se consolidou no século XIX. (shrink)

Em Androides sonham com ovelhas elétricas?, Philip Dick recria a visão divina dos infinitos mundo possíveis a partir da perspectiva das criaturas, isto é, a partir da visão dos mundos extintos que lhe aparecem no momento de hesitação garantido pelo livre arbítrio. Minha hipótese é que a passagem dos mundos possíveis no intelecto divino à forma que assumem na indiferença da vontade das criaturas tem uma dimensão geométrica. Pensar a curva do mundo atual a partir da série dos mundos menos (...) perfeitos do Deus leibniziano é pensá-la a partir de suas infinitas retas tangentes, a partir, portanto, de suas distopias, que não são uma contradição em relação a esse mundo, mas tocam-no em algum ponto, são seu máximo desvio a partir de uma mínima diferença. (shrink)

O presente trabalho argumenta, a partir do filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein, que o jogo de linguagem pode contribuir na discussão sobre educação. Objetivamos introduzir a percepção da linguagem como elemento inerente ao ser humano para abordar a relação sobre educação. Diante desse panorama, o trabalho discute as possibilidades dos jogos de linguagem, onde há regras que podem ser ou não as mesmas entre um jogo e outro. Jogar não significa ganhar, ter razão ou a verdade. Podemos jogar pelo prazer de inventar (...) um jogo ou para fazer valer argumentativamente nossa opinião. As considerações finais apontam para o desafio da pesquisa em educação, na disciplina de Paradigmas Filosóficos da Educação e provocam desafios na área da pesquisa filosóficoeducacional.Le présent travail argumente, à partir du philosophe Ludwig Wittgenstein, que le jeu de langage peut contribuer dans la discussion sur éducation. Nous objectivons introduire la perception du langage comme élement inhérant à l’être humain pour aborder le rapport sur éducation. Devant ce panorama, le travail discute les possibilités des jeux de langage, où il y a des règles qui peuvent être ou ne pas être les mêmes entre un jeu et l’autre. Jouer ne signifie pas vaincre, avoir raison ou la vérité. Nous pouvons jouer par le plaisir d’inventer un jeu ou pour faire valoir argumentativement notre avis. Les considérations finales objectivent pour le défis de la recherche en éducation, dans la discipline de Paradigmes Philosophique de la Éducation et causent des défis dans le domaine de la recherche philosofique-éducationale. (shrink)

Pensamos que apesar de Kant inaugurar sua filosofia crítica tratando das condições de possibilidade formais para resolução de problemas (filosofia crítica), ele avança na década de 1790 em direção a estabelecer a antropologia como finalidade da sua filosofia. Considerando isso, o objetivo deste escrito é mostrar que a recepção da filosofia kantiana nos séculos XIX e XX foi logicista e formalista, ressaltando bem mais sua base transcendental que pragmática (em sentido kantiano). Desse modo, o retorno a Kant, promovido pelo Neokantismo, (...) contribuiu para o esquecimento e não tematização da centralidade da sua antropologia, pois se voltou às condições de possibilidade para a consolidação das ciências na segunda metade do século XIX e legou ao kantismo do século XX modelos interpretativos de viés logicista a analítico, deixando de lado qualquer reflexão profunda sobre a parte empírica de sua filosofia, posto considerá-la impura. Também pontuaremos que a própria ciência etnográfica desconsidera qualquer herança de Kant em sua constituição. No final, provaremos estatisticamente, por meio da análise do centenário histórico da revista Kant Studien que houve um baixíssimo volume de textos sobre temas pragmáticos. A antropologia de Kant foi esquecida pela fortuna crítica, quando deveria ter sido posta como central. (shrink)

Neste texto, procuramos mostrar, a partir do texto de Habermas “A filosofia como guardador de lugar e intérprete” e das considerações do filósofo sobre a ética do discurso, que há no pensamento habermasiano a proposição de um fundacionismo moderado em ética que se apresenta na busca de uma justificação racional para as normas morais a partir dos pressupostos necessários da argumentação em geral, recusando, com isso, um fundacionismo absoluto que se coloque para além da história e do assentimento dos envolvidos, (...) levando Habermas a rever o papel da filosofia, que passa a ser de intérprete e guardiã da racionalidade e a dimensão da razão, entendida como dialogal ao invés de monológica. Palavras-chave: Razão. Ética. Fundacionismo. Argumentação. Validade. (shrink)

Ademais do glossário filosófico, Kant emprega muitos outros repertórios linguísticos; dentre eles, por exemplo, o musical. O presente estudo, considerando o léxico musical kantiano, não tem como objetivo a promoção estética da música no cenário da filosofia crítica, mas o reconhecimento e a análise preliminar de um recurso argumentativo utilizado pelo filósofo, a saber, a analogia musical.

Influenced by James Bernat’s approach, the US President’s 1981 Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioural Research concluded that human death is an instant that separates the dying process from the cadaveric state. Death, as Bernat and the President’s Commission argue, cannot be a process. Because organisms cannot be both alive and dead, Bernat claims, the transition from one state to the other must be sudden and instantaneous. Since then, few have argued the opposite (...) notion that death is a process, and that the transition between living and perishing is not a discrete event. In this article we argue that human death is a process that comprises three distinct phases: dying (when the physiological responses against the shutdown of vital organs and systems are in an imminence of breaking down), decease (when events such as respiratory and cardiac arrest indicate the critical failure of vital organs or systems), and decay (the irreversible and accelerated systemic biological process of cellular death that eventually takes over the whole body). We also argue that human death differs from the ‘time of death’ indicated by death certificates, which is pointed out only to clinically and legally establish the irreversibility of the entire process. (shrink)

We tackle the philosophical implications of post-2020 music practices. To situate our discussion, we address pending issues in current definitions of music-making. Our analysis indicates that post-2020 definitions of music should feature sonic information and events, framed through social interactions and through the material grounding of the musical activity. Ubiquitous music furnishes a promising playing field for the emerging aspects of creative music-thinking. New frameworks that encompass the dynamic, multimodal and situated characteristics of music while skewing an anthropocentric perspective on (...) creativity may provide meaningful targets for ubimus research toward a new notion of musicality. Three artistic projects serve to exemplify key aspects of this proposal: Atravessamentos, Memory Tree and Lyapunov Time. We address the philosophical implications of these artistic endeavors toward the construction of ubimus philosophical frameworks. (shrink)

O presente artigo discute a compreensão de Cassirer sobre a objetividade do conhecimento científico produzido pela física. Por se tratar de uma noção que perpassa várias obras do autor, e de diferentes períodos, minha escolha foi direcionar esforços, principalmente, para o terceiro volume da Filosofia das Formas Simbólicas. Esta escolha bibliográfica se justifica pelo fato de que, na referida obra, encontram-se dois aspectos estruturantes para o tratamento da questão proposta. O primeiro, de natureza sistemática, diz respeito à explicitação do processo (...) de matematização da física. A partir dele é possível compreender em que termos a objetividade da matemática determina simbolicamente o conhecimento produzido pela física enquanto ciência empírica. O segundo, de natureza histórico-metodológica, demonstra a mudança de orientação epistemológica da física de modelos para a física de princípios. (shrink)

Background: Psychedelics are known for their powerful mental effects due to the activation of 5HT-2A receptors in the brain. During the 1950s and 1960s, research was conducted on these molecules until their criminalization. However, their clinical investigation as therapeutic tools for psychiatric disorders has revived the deontological ethics surrounding this subject. Questions arise as research on their therapeutic outcome becomes a reality. We aim to explore deontological ethics to understand the implications of psychedelics for the clinician, patient, and society. Results: (...) A total of 42 articles were considered for this review. Methods: A methodological search of psychedelic studies from 2017 to 2022 was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect to address the deontological ethics of clinical psychedelic use. Conclusion: Psychedelics need to be culturally contextualized, epistemic harm minimized and represented to ensure informed consent. Open data and commissions are needed to ensure safe and equal distribution. (shrink)

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multi-national data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 (N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from (...) social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution—individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar was found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-negligible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic. (shrink)

In the 5th century BC, in Athens, Antiphon reflects on the relationship between physis and nómos in a way quite different from most sophists. Indeed, one of the particularities of sophist thought is to minimize physis so that thinking focus itself on nómos, on what man can, through thinking and debate, establish in regard to the common good and justice in the pólis. However, Antiphon takes up this relationship between nature and law to direct it to another path. In an (...) unusual way for a sophist, we see physis being emphasized at the expense of nómos. The comparison between the two concepts also serves as a backdrop for harsh criticisms of justice and laws. The objective of this article is, through the criticisms Antiphon makes to the system of the laws of the pólis, to think about the relationship established by the sophist between physis and nómos in order to find out if there is a new understanding of these concepts and to reflect the reason that led Antiphon to revisit them. (shrink)