Degradation of eukaryotic RNAs that contain premature termination codons (PTC) during nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is initiated by RNA decapping or endonucleolytic cleavage driven by conserved factors. Models for NMD mechanisms, including recognition of PTCs or the timing and role of protein phosphorylation for RNA degradation are challenged by new results. For example, the depletion of the SMG5/7 heterodimer, thought to activate RNA degradation by decapping, leads to a phenotype showing a defect of endonucleolytic activity of NMD complexes. This phenotype (...) is not correlated to a decreased binding of the endonuclease SMG6 with the core NMD factor UPF1, suggesting that it is the result of an imbalance between active (e.g., in polysomes) and inactive (e.g., in RNA‐protein condensates) states of NMD complexes. Such imbalance between multiple complexes is not restricted to NMD and should be taken into account when establishing causal links between gene function perturbation and observed phenotypes. (shrink)

Un amer constat paraît traverser l’air du temps, peut-être même le constitue-t-il. Les alertes et l’urgence face aux problèmes constitutifs de notre modernité se redoublent et se démultiplient, aussi bien quantitativement que qualitativement, fruits d’une interdépendance qui appelle des catastrophes en chaîne, sans que semble pouvoir pointer, même à l’horizon, ce spectre de réponses capables d’apaiser la détresse environnante, actuelle et à venir. Non pas que ces réponses soient impossibles :...

Contains an overall account of morality in its philosophical format particularly with regard to problems of observation, evidence, and truth.

“I hate war,” de Fontenelle confessed, “for it spoils conversation.” And does it spoil philosophy too, which is always a kind of conversation? Or can philosophers write about war, as now we surely must, in a way that keeps the conversation going without belligerence? Only so, perhaps, can philosophy shed light on this dark field; but how to do it is itself obscured by the passions that wars evoke. Ted Honderich advocates advocacy, “an advocacy of arguments and judgements. A decent (...) philosopher dealing with moral and political questions … is in a line of life higher than that of a trial lawyer, but not out of sight of that line of life. If there is what can be called moral truth, it is not ordinary truth. Desire sits onto it” . Honderich's book may be viewed in this light as a sustained speech for the prosecution in the impeachment of Tony Blair and George W. Bush for waging terrorist war and supporting the terrorist wars of others. It is, then, a polemical work, but, unlike a lawyer's, founded on Honderich's own convictions, which are themselves rooted in philosophical belief. (shrink)

Selon différentes conceptions du genre et des parcours de transition, toujours singulières mais empreintes d’attentes sociales, l’enveloppe corporelle du sujet transgenre se métamorphose. Lors d’entretiens de recherche et d’épreuves projectives (Rorschach et tat ), deux jeunes adultes transgenres aux profils psychopathologiques névrotiques présentaient une sensibilité marquée aux normes, à la morale et aux attentes sociétales. La légitimité, la culpabilité et la honte étaient des problématiques redondantes. Différents temps de transitions subjectives, familiales, sociales et corporelles se sont trouvés en jeu : (...) le passage à l’âge adulte, une vie étudiante hors du giron familial. Ces deux situations illustrent une discussion sur les transitions du corps et des enveloppes chez des sujets transgenres, entre seconde peau et moi-peau corsets. (shrink)

This is a new release of the original 1949 edition.

Time is a critical issue for organizations, especially for healthcare organizations. In the last three decades, concerns over the transformation of healthcare organizations have increasingly gained attention in the literature, indicating how task duration has been reduced to improve clinical-workflow efficiency. This article seeks to raise questions about the experience of acceleration and the ways in which this brings ethical implications to the fore for health professionals within healthcare organizations. Current approaches to acceleration fail to place ethical considerations as their (...) central concern. This article, drawing on the theory of social acceleration and dynamic stabilization of Hartmut Rosa, offers a deeper analysis of ethical perspectives concerning acceleration. To do so, we draw on an in-depth case study, ethnographic immersion, and 48 semi-structured interviews with professionals within a French public hospital. We also carried out 20 telephonic interviews with directors in different hospitals of various sizes. We contribute to the literature by critically exploring the intersection between the experience of acceleration and ethics. We identify four broad categories of ethical implications for health professionals: the expected flexibility of directors facing uncertainty; the erosion of the ethics of care; the process of mechanistic dehumanization; and the adverse effects of speed on emotional work and workers’ well-being. (shrink)

Food systems are made of a myriad of actors, visions and interests. Collaborative governance arrangement may foster their transformation towards greater sustainability when conventional means, such as state-oriented planning, technological developments or social innovations provide insufficient impetus. However, such arrangements may achieve transformative results only under certain conditions and in specific contexts. Despite an abundant literature on participatory schemes, the success for collaborative governance arrangements remains partially understood and deserves academic attention, in particular in the field of food systems reform. (...) This article provides an in-depth analysis of an empirical case study in the Walloon Region (Belgium), where the administration for sustainable development initiated a six-month participatory process to collectively construct a roadmap towards a sustainable regional food system. The article explores the extent to which the process has allowed transformative voices to emerge, and assesses whether the outcome provides a promising tool for adopting a transformative policy at the regional scale. It argues that the facilitation process insufficiently attenuated existing power relations and highlights key underlying factors (including time, resources, expertise and coalition building) that, like in classical negotiation settings, strengthen or weaken specific actors. It discusses the link between the results of the participatory process and the potential for policy-makers to build upon these to guide further the region’s food system towards a sustainable future. (shrink)

This article explores a case study of a mindfulness teacher, Beth, and her experiences of teaching mindfulness to 11- to 16-year-olds in several English schools. It shows why Beth was drawn to teaching mindfulness, which was both to alleviate the stress amongst her pupils and improve her own mental health. It illustrates how and why she became a confident, successful mindfulness teacher: she learnt about mindfulness at various classes, retreats and teacher-education training sessions, spending thousands of pounds on her own (...) training. It argues that her positioning as a mindfulness teacher in an unmindful school system created an overwhelming demand for her services, but also huge stress upon her. It develops McCaw’s conceptions of ‘thin’ and ‘thick’ mindfulness (2020), arguing that while Beth began by practising ‘thin’ mindfulness – seeing it as a way of solving exam stress amongst her pupils – she became increasingly a ‘thick’ practitioner; her experiences of mindfulness led to profound personal change and, ultimately, to her becoming very disillusioned about teaching mindfulness in an unwelcoming educational, ‘unmindful’ environment. (shrink)

Résumé D’une multiplicité inhérente à la pratique de la danse contemporaine, nous dessinerons les contours de l’interprète, les graphies d’un danseur, des deux dimensions du papier aux trois dimensions du corps et du plateau. De l’écriture à l’interprétation, de la composition à la réception en passant par des notions de transmission ou de traduction et au sein de quelques réalisations chorégraphiques, nous analyserons des processus, par le biais de la description kinesthésique, relative à la sensation et la construction du mouvement (...) dansé. (shrink)

v. 1. Critical essays.--v. 2. Collected essays, 1929-1968.

Le proslogion de saint Anselme n'est pas une oeuvre tres connue, bien que les commentaires de ses chapitres 2 a 4 sur l'argument appele par Kant ontologique soient en nombre infini.

One important concern regarding implantable Brain Computer Interfaces is the fear that the intervention will negatively change a patient’s sense of identity or agency. In particular, there is concern that the user will be psychologically worse-off following treatment despite postoperative functional improvements. Clinical observations from similar implantable brain technologies, such as deep brain stimulation, show a small but significant proportion of patients report feelings of strangeness or difficulty adjusting to a new concept of themselves characterized by a maladaptive je ne (...) sais quoi despite clear motor improvement. Despite the growing number of cases in the DBS literature, there is currently no accepted or standardized tool in neuroethics specifically designed to capture the phenomenological postoperative experience of patients implanted with DBS or BCI devices. Given potential risks of postoperative maladaptation, it is important for the field of neuroethics to develop a qualitative instrument that can serve as a shared method for capturing postoperative variations in patient experience of identity and agency. The goal of this article is to introduce an instrument we have developed for this purpose and call for further neuroethical efforts to assess the phenomenology of implantable brain device use. (shrink)

Fénelon’s letters to Madame Guyon show Eros, the life drive that aims a joyful creation, intimately dialoguing with the deadly asceticism: Thanatos. This polarity is indeed required by quietism. The idea is, by reaching the end of Thanatos ("the weakness of man" - his annihilation), to glimpse Eros ("the craziest hope" of uniting with God). The letters are structured thematically around this wager of the "union" in the "death" and provide us with the opportunity to explore the genesis of Fénelon’s (...) writing’s most radical stakes: a contradictory relationship to life and death drives and its effect on repetition. Throughout these letters, Fénelon evokes his famous "dryness", turning him into "a boat that has neither oars nor sails", and which has since been studied as a death drive. Written between 1689 and 1690, the letters give an insight on the origins of the link between mysticism, psychoanalysis and stylistics in Fénelon’s work. They teach us that in this epistolary relationship lived and narrated as exceptional by both Guyon and Fénelon, the life drive finds an anchor point and, as a result, the literary value of repetitions is diminished. If redundancies always express as much as elsewhere the dogma of pure love or death instinct - which the correspondents never cease to gloss, the impulse of life is slightly expressed, dried up by the love confessions. Fenelon definitively seals the Eros and Thanatos’s marriage through the expression "to die of envy". Once this marriage pronounced, the writing has no more reason to start. It stops. (shrink)

Surveying nearly seven decades of habitual and obsessive reading, I consider how my character and psychology used reading to shape philosophical questions that move me into forms in which I could pursue them by reading. This became both the method and the substance of my philosophical work. It preserved some core emotional issues but also gave me the way to integrate them into scholarship and into my life.

CRS says that the meanings of expressions of a language or other symbol system or the contents of mental states are determined and explained by the way symbols are used in thinking. According to CRS one.

A long-awaited translation on the philosophical relation between technology, the individual, and milieu of the living.

This paper argues for a methodological point that bears on a relatively long-standing debate concerning collective beliefs in the sense elaborated by Margaret Gilbert: are they cases of belief or rather of acceptance? It is argued that epistemological accounts and distinctions developed in individual epistemology on the basis of considering the individual case are not necessarily applicable to the collective case or, more generally, uncritically to be adopted in collective epistemology.

BonJour offers two main reasons for supposing that there is such a thing as rational insight into necessity. First, he says there are many examples in which it clearly seems that one has such insight. Second, he argues that any epistemology denying the existence of rational insight into necessity is committed to a narrow skepticism. After commenting about possible frameworks for epistemological justification, I argue against these two claims in reverse order.

Ethics and the Community of Inquiry gets to the heart of democratic education and how best to achieve it. The book radically reshapes our understanding of education by offering a framework from which to integrate curriculum, teaching and learning and to place deliberative democracy at the centre of education reform. It makes a significant contribution to current debates on educational theory and practice, in particular to pedagogical and professional practice, and ethics education.

First published in 1949, Gilbert Ryle ’s The Concept of Mind is one of the classics of twentieth-century philosophy. Described by Ryle as a ‘sustained piece of analytical hatchet-work’ on Cartesian dualism, The Concept of Mind is a radical and controversial attempt to jettison once and for all what Ryle called ‘the ghost in the machine’: Descartes’ argument that mind and body are two separate entities. This sixtieth anniversary edition includes a substantial commentary by Julia Tanney and is essential (...) reading for new readers interested not only in the history of analytic philosophy but in its power to challenge major currents in philosophy of mind and language today. (shrink)

Thoughts and other mental states are defined by their role in a functional system. Since it is easier to determine when we have knowledge than when reasoning has occurred, Gilbert Harman attempts to answer the latter question by seeing what assumptions about reasoning would best account for when we have knowledge and when not. He describes induction as inference to the best explanation, or more precisely as a modification of beliefs that seeks to minimize change and maximize explanatory coherence. (...) Originally published in 1973. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. (shrink)

Change in View offers an entirely original approach to the philosophical study of reasoning by identifying principles of reasoning with principles for revising one's beliefs and intentions and not with principles of logic. This crucial observation leads to a number of important and interesting consequences that impinge on psychology and artificial intelligence as well as on various branches of philosophy, from epistemology to ethics and action theory. Gilbert Harman is Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University. A Bradford Book.

It's not always the person who is right who wins the arguments, more often it's the person who argues best. Gilbert's practical, clever guide--which also serves as a text for his popular seminars on the art of arguing--shows readers how to hone their polemical skills, and how to counter the verbal weapons that may be in an opponent's arsenal.

Despite growing evidence that a significant number of patients living with Parkison’s disease experience neuropsychiatric changes following Deep Brain Stimulation treatment, the phenomenon remains poorly understood and largely unexplored in the literature. To shed new light on this phenomenon, we used qualitative methods grounded in phenomenology to conduct in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 17 patients living with Parkinson’s Disease who had undergone DBS. Our study found that patients appear to experience postoperative DBS-induced changes in the form of self-estrangement. Using the insights (...) from patients’ subjective perceptions of postoperative self-change provides a potent explanation of potential DBS-induced self-estrangement. (shrink)