En este artículo, mediante un abordaje archifilológico, nos proponemos acentuar el devenir de la asociación crítica de Araripe Júnior entre la hiperestesia y los efectos de lectura de los folletines desde sus primeros abordajes de la recepción del naturalismo por parte de escritores jóvenes, en el momento en el que se multiplican exponencialmente las publicaciones periódicas y se constituye un público lector. Reparamos, a su vez, en una asociación recurrente entre una literatura folletinesca considerada descartable y un lector caracterizado como (...) desecho social. El sondeo de su singular concepción de la hiperestesia literaria resulta productivo para trazar nuevos abordajes de su influyente teoría del estilo tropical y de la obnubilación brasílica, proyectada como supervivencia en el canon literario y en los folletines de sus contemporáneos. A su vez, hacemos hincapié en el sentido prescriptivo de los ensayos de Araripe Júnior, dirigidos a los jóvenes escritores de folletines, para conjurar el potencial revulsivo de la literatura hiperestésica naturalista sobre el público masivo y para reconducir su lirismo inervador hacia la constitución de una psicologia do tumulto, que contribuya a una renovación estética y cultural. También en torno a la hiperestesia, la intervención prescriptiva de sus ensayos procura regular la influencia de un Zola monstruoso, en su capacidad de mostrar y hacer sentir la realidad de la vida precaria moderna. Finalmente, observamos su abordaje de la literatura como toxina, en el que resuena una clave farmacológica de la literatura moderna latinoamericana. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza la presencia simbólica del amor, la belleza y el ‘eterno femenino’ en la tragedia Fausto de Johann Wolfgang von Goethe a través de la hermenéutica comparativa con dos textos fundamentales del Renacimiento, De los heroicos furores de Giordano Bruno y la Hypnerotomachia Poliphili de Colonna. La tesis de partida es que los tres amores de Fausto, Margarita, Helena y la Mater Gloriosa, son en realidad una representación simbólica de los tres aspectos fundamentales del alma que también podemos (...) encontrar en estos dos textos por su conexión con la tradición neoplatónica. (shrink)

This article analyzes the complex European social itinerary of the last two centuries through one of the most important literary works of this period: the Faust´s tragedy of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. The intellectual journey of its protagonist coincides with that which took place in Europe in the late 19th century at the mercy of the passage from the modern world to the contemporary one. In this sense, the crisis of values and the disproportionate sense of omnipotence that emerges from (...) the nineteenth-century postrevolutionary model, coincides dramatically with the fictional character of the protagonist of this work, that leads him, as well as the current consumer society, to succumb in a kind of descensus ad inferos or nihilistic psychological fall. However, just as Faust is reborn from his ashes and achieves, through social and community longing, the symbolic salvation of his soul, Europe still has the opportunity to reinterpret itself and embark on a new path that allows it to be someday itself, through the recognition of their differences and the reunion with their roots. (shrink)

Adaptive optics are techniques used for processing the spatial resolution of astronomical images taken from large ground-based telescopes. In this work, computational results are presented for a modified curvature sensor, the tomographic pupil image wavefront sensor, which measures the turbulence of the atmosphere, expressed in terms of an expansion over Zernike polynomials. Convolutional neural networks are presented as an alternative to the TPI-WFS reconstruction. This technique is a machine learning model of the family of artificial neural networks, which are widely (...) known for its performance as modeling and prediction technique in complex systems. Results obtained from the reconstruction of the networks are compared with the TPI-WFS reconstruction by estimating errors and optical measurements. The reconstructed wavefronts from both techniques are compared for wavefronts of 153 Zernike modes. For this case, a detailed comparison and grid search to find the most suitable neural network is performed, searching between multi-layer perceptron, CNN and recurrent networks topologies. In general, the best network was a CNN trained for TPI-WFS reconstruction, achieving better performance than the reconstruction software from TPI-WFS in most of the turbulent profiles, but the most significant improvements were found for higher turbulent profiles that have the lowest r0 values. (shrink)

IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate, in adults with mild cognitive impairment, the brain atrophy that may distinguish between three AT biomarker-based profiles, and to determine its clinical value.MethodsStructural MRI was employed to evaluate the volume and cortical thickness differences in MCI patients with different AT profiles, namely, A−T−−: normal AD biomarkers; A+T−−: AD pathologic change; and A+T++: prodromal AD. Sensitivity and specificity of these changes were also estimated.ResultsAn initial atrophy in medial temporal lobe areas was found in the A+T−− and (...) A+T++ groups, spreading toward the parietal and frontal regions in A+T++ patients. These structural changes allowed distinguishing AT profiles within the AD continuum; however, the profiles and their pattern of neurodegeneration were unsuccessful to determine the current clinical status.ConclusionsMRI is useful in the determination of the specific brain structural changes of AT profiles along the AD continuum, allowing differentiation between MCI adults with or without pathological AD biomarkers. (shrink)

The question addressed in this paper is whether particular emotional experiences or episodes of an emotion (such as two experiences of happiness) belong to a natural kind. The final answer to this question is that although some, even many, single episodes of an emotion may group into a natural kind, belonging to a natural kind is a highly contextual matter. The proposal relies on two premises. First, a conception of natural kind-hood that follows Boyd’s Homeostatic Property Cluster Theory. Second, a (...) view of emotional episodes that fits with the External Theory of Perception: typical emotional episodes are perceptual experiences of emotional affordances. After pointing out what candidates for emotional homeostatic properties could be like and suggesting some examples of emotional homeostatic mechanisms, the authors conclude that there are property clusters of emotional perceptions stabilized by homeostatic mechanisms. In spite of this, what counts as an emotional natural kind depends on many factors, not all of them natural: world properties, bodily and mental states of the agent, learning mechanisms that help us to satisfactorily navigate in the world, cultural differences that determine our perceptual style, as well as different interests which guide the explanation and prediction of emotional episodes. (shrink)

El autor sigue desplegando su línea interpretativa de la recepción de Vico en España a la luz de una lectura diferencial. Como continuación a su anterior estudio "Nuevos aportes (históricos y filosóficos) para la fortuna de Vico en el siglo XIX español" (Cuadernos sobre Vico, 5/6, 1995-96), se realiza una relectura de la modernidad viquiana a través de la recepción en Juan Donoso Cortés, proponiendo una clave hermenéutica mediante la cual es posible comprender además de la imagen moderna de (...) Vico, reflectada tanto en la asunción cuanto en el abandono del napolitano por Donoso, también la bifronte posición donosiana frente a su siglo: un "primer Donoso", ilustrado, liberal y ecléctico; y un "segundo Donoso", reaccionario y tradicionalista. El mismo caso de la recepción de Vico se muestra así concluyente como un elemento más con el que poder interpretar el siglo XIX español a través de los dos lenguajes de tradición y progreso. (shrink)

The use of black box algorithms in medicine has raised scholarly concerns due to their opaqueness and lack of trustworthiness. Concerns about potential bias, accountability and responsibility, patient autonomy and compromised trust transpire with black box algorithms. These worries connect epistemic concerns with normative issues. In this paper, we outline that black box algorithms are less problematic for epistemic reasons than many scholars seem to believe. By outlining that more transparency in algorithms is not always necessary, and by explaining that (...) computational processes are indeed methodologically opaque to humans, we argue that the reliability of algorithms provides reasons for trusting the outcomes of medical artificial intelligence. To this end, we explain how computational reliabilism, which does not require transparency and supports the reliability of algorithms, justifies the belief that results of medical AI are to be trusted. We also argue that several ethical concerns remain with black box algorithms, even when the results are trustworthy. Having justified knowledge from reliable indicators is, therefore, necessary but not sufficient for normatively justifying physicians to act. This means that deliberation about the results of reliable algorithms is required to find out what is a desirable action. Thus understood, we argue that such challenges should not dismiss the use of black box algorithms altogether but should inform the way in which these algorithms are designed and implemented. When physicians are trained to acquire the necessary skills and expertise, and collaborate with medical informatics and data scientists, black box algorithms can contribute to improving medical care. (shrink)

The general objective of this essay is to systematize Jean-Luc Nancy’s post- deconstructive reflections on the concept of evidence. A general claim of this paper is that the post-deconstructive concept of evidence is genuinely an epistemic concept of evidence insofar as it refers to structures involved in verification processes. Evidence is the presentation of a state of affairs that relates the presentation not only to what we claim about this state of affairs but also to the singular circumstances of its (...) production. Verification (the production of a claim’s truth) results directly from the singularities involved in the production or presentation of evidence. This means that evidence is never exhausted in the truth it produces or the knowledge it validates but remains a priori exposed or available to produce and validate unknown knowledge about unknown states of affairs. (shrink)

This article aims to develop a new account of scientific explanation for computer simulations. To this end, two questions are answered: what is the explanatory relation for computer simulations? And what kind of epistemic gain should be expected? For several reasons tailored to the benefits and needs of computer simulations, these questions are better answered within the unificationist model of scientific explanation. Unlike previous efforts in the literature, I submit that the explanatory relation is between the simulation model and the (...) results of the simulation. I also argue that our epistemic gain goes beyond the unificationist account, encompassing a practical dimension as well. (shrink)

This book addresses key conceptual issues relating to the modern scientific and engineering use of computer simulations. It analyses a broad set of questions, from the nature of computer simulations to their epistemological power, including the many scientific, social and ethics implications of using computer simulations. The book is written in an easily accessible narrative, one that weaves together philosophical questions and scientific technicalities. It will thus appeal equally to all academic scientists, engineers, and researchers in industry interested in questions (...) related to the general practice of computer simulations. (shrink)

We propose a view of identity beyond the individual in what we call interpersonal interidentities (IIIs). Within this approach, IIIs comprise collections of entangled stabilities that emerge in recurrent social interaction and manifest for those who instantiate them as relatively invariant though ever-evolving patterns of being (or more accurately, becoming) together. Herein, we consider the processes responsible for the emergence of these IIIs from the perspective of an enactive cognitive science. Our proposal hinges primarily on the development of two related (...) notions: enhabiting and coenhabiting. First, we introduce the notion of enhabiting, a set of processes at the individual level whereby structural interdependencies stabilise and thereafter undergird the habits, networks of habits, and personal identities through which we make sense of our experience. Articulating this position we lean on the notion of a tendency towards an optimal grip, though offering it a developmental framing, whereby iterative states of selective openness help realise relatively stable autonomous personal identities with their own norms of self-regulation. We then extend many of the notions found applicable here to an account of social coenhabiting, in particular, we introduce the notion of tending towards a co-optimal grip as central to the development of social habits, networks of habits, and ultimately IIIs. Such structures, we propose, also emerge as autonomous structures with their own norms of self-regulation. We wind down our account with some reflections on the implications of these structures outside of the interactions wherein they come into being and offer some thoughts about the complex animations of the individual embodied subjects that instantiate them. (shrink)

We would like to thank the authors of the commentaries for their critical appraisal of our feature article, Who is afraid of black box algorithms?1 Their comments, suggestions and concerns are various, and we are glad that our article contributes to the academic debate about the ethical and epistemic conditions for medical Explanatory AI. We would like to bring to attention a few issues that are common worries across reviewers. Most prominently are the merits of computational reliabilism —in particular, when (...) promoted as an alternative to transparency—and CR as necessary but not sufficient for delivering trust. We finalise our response by addressing concerns about the place and role of artificial intelligence in medical decision-making and the physician’s responsibilities. We understand the concerns and reservations that some of the reviewers express regarding the epistemic merits of CR. We believe that, in part, this is due to a practice too deeply rooted in transparency. But on …. (shrink)

This article asks the question, ``what is reliable machine learning?'' As I intend to answer it, this is a question about epistemic justification. Reliable machine learning gives justification for believing its output. Current approaches to reliability (e.g., transparency) involve showing the inner workings of an algorithm (functions, variables, etc.) and how they render outputs. We then have justification for believing the output because we know how it was computed. Thus, justification is contingent on what can be shown about the algorithm, (...) its properties, and its behavior. In this paper, I defend computational reliabilism (CR). CR is a computationally-inspired off-shoot of process reliabilism that does not require showing the inner workings of an algorithm. CR credits reliability to machine learning by identifying reliability indicators external to the algorithm (validation methods, knowledge-based integration, etc.). Thus, we have justification for believing the output of machine learning when we have identified the appropriate reliability indicators. CR is advanced as a more suitable epistemology for machine learning. The main goal of this article is to lay the groundwork for CR, how it works, and what we can expect as a justificatory framework for reliable machine learning. (shrink)

Los docentes de los distintos conservatorios realizan las programaciones didácticas en base a la formación recibida. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis sobre la coherencia entre la legislación y las programaciones didácticas. También se estudia lo que dice la normativa vigente al respecto y qué cambios solicita la Unión Europea y la Unesco.La planificación es esencial para poder atender a la diversidad del alumnado y a que estos puedan conseguir todos los objetivos planteados de manera individual y a ritmos (...) distintos. (shrink)

In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, members of the Salamanca School engaged in a sustained and sophisticated discussion of the issue of just prices. This article uses their contribution as a point of departure for a consideration of justice in pricing which will be relevant to current-day circumstances. The key theses of members of this school were that fairness of exchanges should be assessed objectively, that the fair price of an article is one equal to its ‘value’, and that the (...) best indicator of that value is the price that article commonly fetches in an open market. This article tries to bring to light the attractiveness of those views in order to guide current practice by contrasting them with alternative views, showing their connection with intuitively attractive basic standards, and linking them to commonly shared intuitions. (shrink)

Una imagen muy generalizada a la hora de entender el software de computador es la que lo representa como una “caja negra”: no importa realmente saber qué partes lo componen internamente, sino qué resultados se obtienen de él según ciertos valores de entrada. Al hacer esto, muchos problemas filosóficos son ocultados, negados o simplemente mal entendidos. Este artículo discute tres unidades de análisis del software de computador, esto es, las especificaciones, los algoritmos y los procesos computacionales. El objetivo central es (...) entender las prácticas cientficas e ingenieriles detrás de cada unidad de software, así como analizar su metodología, ontología y epistemología. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza los desarrollos que Foucault realiza en torno a la analítica de la finitud en su libro Las palabras y las cosas con el fin de dilucidar las diferencias conceptuales con que Freud y Lacan abordan el sujeto del psicoanálisis. Se pretende reconocer la potencia de la crítica foucaulteana al cuadrilátero antropológico y revisar si las teorías de Freud y Lacan se encuentran o no dentro del mismo, buscando pensar la fecundidad de las direcciones contemporáneas del psicoanálisis. Resultados: (...) Foucault dejó en claro que es necesario prescindir del hombre para poder pensar de nuevo la realidad humana. Freud abrió las puertas de tal desaparición, aunque sus cimientos epistemológicos lo dejaron fijado a una antropología biologicista. Lacan retornó lingüísticamente a Freud para rescatar la potencia de su descubrimiento y formalizar un psicoanálisis cuyo sujeto no es el hombre. Orientaciones actuales del psicoanálisis parecen olvidar este último esfuerzo. (shrink)

This paper deals with the conceptual and historical-intellectual relationship that links Gilbert Simondon’s philosophy with cybernetics and information theory. For this purpose, it deploys three lines of analysis: the French reception of cybernetics and information theory, and the positioning of Simondon in that conceptual field; the transcendent meaning that Simondon assigns to them, as they express a new technological era of the twentieth century; Simondon’s criticisms of cybernetics and information theory, which tend to dismantle the nineteenth-century remains that affect them (...) from within and to think a new concept of genesis. (shrink)

En este artículo analizamos la crítica que Richard Rorty hace de la apelación al “método experimental” por parte de John Dewey. Defendemos que la categórica desestimación que Rorty presenta del vínculo entre el pragmatismo de Dewey y su concepción de método hubiera sido o bien matizada, o bien radicalmente diferente, de haber considerado seriamente la importancia que la reflexión sobre la educación tenía para el filósofo de Vermont. Nuestra estrategia interpretativa se apoya en la recuperación que Henry Cowles hace recientemente (...) de la apelación al método experimental que Dewey lleva a cabo en How We Think —uno de sus textos educativos más importantes—, en donde se muestra las vinculaciones relevantes entre pragmatismo, evolucionismo y método. Este marco histórico-conceptual nos permitirá cuestionar la reconstrucción de Rorty en torno de este aspecto de la filosofía deweyana tomando en cuenta, fundamentalmente, sus propias reflexiones sobre educación. (shrink)

The variety \(\mathbb{DHMSH}\) of dually hemimorphic semi-Heyting algebras was introduced in 2011 by the second author as an expansion of semi-Heyting algebras by a dual hemimorphism. In this paper, we focus on the variety \(\mathbb{DHMSH}\) from a logical point of view. The paper presents an extensive investigation of the logic corresponding to the variety of dually hemimorphic semi-Heyting algebras and of its axiomatic extensions, along with an equally extensive universal algebraic study of their corresponding algebraic semantics. Firstly, we present a (...) Hilbert-style axiomatization of a new logic called "Dually hemimorphic semi-Heyting logic" (\(\mathcal{DHMSH}\), for short), as an expansion of semi-intuitionistic logic \(\mathcal{SI}\) (also called \(\mathcal{SH}\)) introduced by the first author by adding a weak negation (to be interpreted as a dual hemimorphism). We then prove that it is implicative in the sense of Rasiowa and that it is complete with respect to the variety \(\mathbb{DHMSH}\). It is deduced that the logic \(\mathcal{DHMSH}\) is algebraizable in the sense of Blok and Pigozzi, with the variety \(\mathbb{DHMSH}\) as its equivalent algebraic semantics and that the lattice of axiomatic extensions of \(\mathcal{DHMSH}\) is dually isomorphic to the lattice of subvarieties of \(\mathbb{DHMSH}\). A new axiomatization for Moisil's logic is also obtained. Secondly, we characterize the axiomatic extensions of \(\mathcal{DHMSH}\) in which the "Deduction Theorem" holds. Thirdly, we present several new logics, extending the logic \(\mathcal{DHMSH}\), corresponding to several important subvarieties of the variety \(\mathbb{DHMSH}\). These include logics corresponding to the varieties generated by two-element, three-element and some four-element dually quasi-De Morgan semi-Heyting algebras, as well as a new axiomatization for the 3-valued Łukasiewicz logic. Surprisingly, many of these logics turn out to be connexive logics, only a few of which are presented in this paper. Fourthly, we present axiomatizations for two infinite sequences of logics namely, De Morgan Gödel logics and dually pseudocomplemented Gödel logics. Fifthly, axiomatizations are also provided for logics corresponding to many subvarieties of regular dually quasi-De Morgan Stone semi-Heyting algebras, of regular De Morgan semi-Heyting algebras of level 1, and of JI-distributive semi-Heyting algebras of level 1. We conclude the paper with some open problems. Most of the logics considered in this paper are discriminator logics in the sense that they correspond to discriminator varieties. Some of them, just like the classical logic, are even primal in the sense that their corresponding varieties are generated by primal algebras. (shrink)

En su faceta de ensayista Edgar Allan Poe desarrolló interesantes ideas que corresponden al campo de la estética. Sin embargo, estas no han sido muy difundidas, y menos en América Latina, al contrario de su labor poética –mejor conocida–, y de su narrativa en prosa –que suele hacer parte de los programas de enseñanza de la literatura universal–. El presente escrito se propone recuperar algunos de sus planteamientos analizando su ensayo teórico “El propósito de la poesía”, siguiendo el rastro de (...) su crítica a una estética burguesa de masas y a una estética aristocrática tradicionalista. Con su lectura atenta rendimos un homenaje al autor, ahondando en su complejo perfil y siguiendo su exploración de temas tan variados como la crítica, el público, la recepción, la creación poética, la función del arte y la importancia social del poeta. Por último, su opinión sobre algunas figuras destacadas de la poesía mundial de su tiempo nos brinda un panorama muy rico del contexto cultural de la primera mitad del siglo XIX. (shrink)

El objeto de este artículo es mostrar las similitudes que existen entre el estructuralismo metateórico sneedeano y la que considero es la propuesta teórica más desarrollada del estructuralismo francés, la teoría antropológica de Claude Lévi-Strauss, en particular, su teoría de los sistemas elementales de parentesco. Aunque entre el estructuralismo francés de Lévi-Strauss y el estructuralismo metateórico sneedeano sólo existe, como diría Wittgenstein, un “aire de familia”, sin embargo, quiero mostrar que gracias al trabajo algebraico de André Weil y, en particular, (...) a su clarificación de la noción de estructura, existe un “puente” entre la propuesta teórica de Lévi-Strauss y la metateórica del estructuralismo inaugurada por J. D. Sneed en 1971 con la publicación de su libro The logical structure of mathematical physics. (shrink)

El nacimiento de la filosofía de la ciencia profesional coincide con el desarrollo de la filosofía analítica y como ésta adopta el método del análisis lógico. Dicho análisis, en el caso de la filosofía de la ciencia, se circunscribe fundamentalmente a la elucidación lógica de la estructura interna de las teorías y de sus relaciones interteóricas inmediatas. Esta propuesta tuvo numerosas críticas, que llevaron a una nueva arquitectónica para la ciencia: la del estructuralismo metateórico. En ella se propone la reconstrucción (...) axiomática de las teorías haciéndose uso de la teoría de informal conjuntos y se introduce los aportes histórico-pragmáticos del historicismo en el contexto de una semántica informal. La introducción de la noción de holón teórico pretende ofrecer una visión más comprehensiva de las teorías científicas. Se busca pasar del análisis local de las teorías y de su entorno inmediato, donde se privilegia la relación lógica de deducibilidad, a una síntesis más global, que correspondería a la estructura global de las teorías. En este trabajo son examinadas las implicaciones que tal propuesta metateórica tiene para una filosofía sintética de la ciencia, cuando las teorías se examinan dentro de una macro-unidad como la del holón teórico. Para ello, son examinadas las nociones interteóricas de reducción aproximativa y de presuposición en algunas teorías científicas. El nacimiento de la filosofía de la ciencia profesional coincide con el desarrollo de la filosofía analítica y como ésta adopta el método del análisis lógico. Dicho análisis, en el caso de la filosofía de la ciencia, se circunscribe fundamentalmente a la elucidación lógica de la estructura interna de las teorías y de sus relaciones interteóricas inmediatas. Esta propuesta tuvo numerosas críticas, que llevaron a una nueva arquitectónica para la ciencia: la del estructuralismo metateórico. En ella se propone la reconstrucción axiomática de las teorías haciéndose uso de la teoría de informal conjuntos y se introduce los aportes histórico-pragmáticos del historicismo en el contexto de una semántica informal. La introducción de la noción de holón teórico pretende ofrecer una visión más comprehensiva de las teorías científicas. Se busca pasar del análisis local de las teorías y de su entorno inmediato, donde se privilegia la relación lógica de deducibilidad, a una síntesis más global, que correspondería a la estructura global de las teorías. En este trabajo son examinadas las implicaciones que tal propuesta metateórica tiene para una filosofía sintética de la ciencia, cuando las teorías se examinan dentro de una macro-unidad como la del holón teórico. Para ello, son examinadas las nociones interteóricas de reducción aproximativa y de presuposición en algunas teorías científicas. (shrink)

El propósito del presente trabajo es ofrecer una contextualización de “Las implicancias del pragmatismo para la educación”, que traducimos en este número de la revista. El artículo está compuesto de tres partes que John Dewey escribe en diciembre de 1908, febrero y marzo de 1909. Nuestra hipótesis interpretativa es que este texto es fundamental en dos sentidos: en primer lugar, para entender los lazos de Dewey con la tradición pragmatista; en segundo lugar, para comprender su conceptualización del vínculo entre pragmatismo (...) y educación. (shrink)

El presente escrito tiene dos propósitos. En primer lugar, busca recapitular algunos temas abordados en los últimos años por el filósofo alemán Jürgen Habermas, como representante del liberalismo: a) la noción de sociedad post-secular, sus condiciones y desafíos; b) la tolerancia y el multiculturalismo; y c) la traducción como actividad mediadora que remedie la dificultad de comprensión entre el pensamiento secular de Occidente y las diferentes cosmovisiones religiosas tradicionales, de variadas procedencias. En segundo lugar, pretende ampliar el panorama de Habermas (...) con el apoyo de dos autores provenientes de otras tradiciones de pensamiento, y que permiten complementar y matizar algunas de las propuestas habermasianas: Michael Walzer, como representante del comunitarismo, y Peter Lamborn Wilson, alias Hakim Bey, como representante del postanarquismo. Esto para construir las bases de una forma más radical de pensar el fenómeno del pluralismo. (shrink)

Motivated by the definition of semi-Nelson algebras, a propositional calculus called semi-intuitionistic logic with strong negation is introduced and proved to be complete with respect to that class of algebras. An axiomatic extension is proved to have as algebraic semantics the class of Nelson algebras.

The purpose of this paper is to define a new logic $${\mathcal {SI}}$$ called semi-intuitionistic logic such that the semi-Heyting algebras introduced in [ 4 ] by Sankappanavar are the semantics for $${\mathcal {SI}}$$ . Besides, the intuitionistic logic will be an axiomatic extension of $${\mathcal {SI}}$$.

This paper advances the analysis of the concept of Umwelt in Jakob von Uexküll’s work, by examining its different formulations, and highlighting the successive redefinitions of its two components: the perception world and the effect world. Considering the significant impact that the concept of Umwelt had on continental philosophy, the purpose of this study is to reconstruct its meaning through a historical-conceptual analysis, to illuminate some aspects that are not usually thematized in literature—in particular, those related to the effect world.

El artículo analiza el sentido histórico-conceptual que asume la teoría de Jacob von Uexküll sobre el fondo del problema formas/vida que se despliega en la filosofía continental de principios del siglo XX. Para ello, en primer lugar, reconstruye la configuración epistemológica que presenta el pensamiento biológico entre 1890-1920, e introduce las tesis neovitalistas de Hans Driesch. En segundo lugar, analiza la emergencia de las metafísicas vitalistas de Henri Bergson y de Georg Simmel, y plantea el problema de la contradicción entre (...) las formas y la vida. Por último, y sobre la base de dichos desarrollos, defiende la tesis según la cual la obra de Uexküll moviliza un estructuralismo vitalista para el cual “Vida igual a Forma”. (shrink)

After posing the problem of technocracy according to the debate between Marcuse and Habermas, the article situates Simondon’s perspective and, thematizing the relations between society, culture and technological development, it analyzes a series of ethical and political elements involved in his philosophy. In this vein, the paper addresses Simondon’s criticism of the technocratic utopia, introduces his conceptualization of the technique and examines the three concepts he provides to rethink political practice.

RESUMEN Este artículo analiza la operación reflexiva que Gilbert Simondon efectúa sobre la Gestaltpsychologie, buscando aportar elementos relevantes para pensar las premisas sobre las cuales el autor erige su teoría de la individuación, así como el sentido histórico-conceptual de esta última en un contexto dominado por esquemas formales sincrónicos. Para ello, y teniendo como eje la tensión entre forma e individuación, presenta un esquema general de lectura para abordar la relación de Simondon con la Gestaltpsychologie, desprendiendo de allí tres cuestiones: (...) el uso metodológico de la analogía; la crítica simondoniana a la primera etapa de la psicología de la forma y al "principio del equilibrio estable"; el análisis simondoniano de la tercera etapa de dicha escuela, y del "principio de organización estructural", desde el horizonte del problema del comportamiento. ABSTRACT The article analyzes the reflexive operation that Gilbert Simondon makes on the Gestaltpsychologie, seeking to provide relevant elements to think the premises on which the author builds his theory of individuation, as well as the historical-conceptual sense of the latter in a context dominated by synchronic formal schemes. To this end, and having as an axis the tension between form and individuation, it presents a general reading scheme to study the relation between Simondon and the Gestaltpsychologie, and derives three topics: the methodological use of analogy; the simondonian criticism of the first stage of the psychology of form and of the "principle of stable equilibrium"; the simondonian analysis of the third stage of that school, and of the "principle of structural organization", from the horizon of the problem of behavior. (shrink)

RESUMEN El artículo analiza y problematiza el "método analógico" puesto en juego por la filosofía de la individuación de Gilbert Simondon. Plantea las condiciones del problema y reconstruye el debate que ha propiciado entre los intérpretes; precisa el carácter isodinàmico y genético de la práctica analógica simondoniana, así como su objeto específico; analiza el vínculo teórico que mantiene con el Dialogue sur l'analogie de Bruno de Solages, y concluye con una reflexión relativa a las tensiones que recorren al método analógico (...) en tanto intermediario entre epistemología y metafísica. ABSTRACT The article analyzes and critically discusses the "analogical method" mobilized by Gilbert Simondon's philosophy of individuation. It sets forth the conditions of the problem and reconstructs the debate it has triggered among interpreters; specifies the isodynamic and genetic character of Simondon's analogical practice, as well as its specific object; analyzes the theoretical link with Bruno de Solages' Dialogue sur l'analogie ; and concludes with a reflection on the tensions cutting across the analogical method as intermediary between epistemology and metaphysics. (shrink)

El artículo analiza y problematiza el “método analógico” puesto en juego por la filosofía de la individuación de Gilbert Simondon. Plantea las condiciones del problema y reconstruye el debate que ha propiciado entre los intérpretes; precisa el carácter isodinámico y genético de la práctica analógica simondoniana, así como su objeto específico; analiza el vínculo teórico que mantiene con el Dialogue sur l’analogie (1946) de Bruno de Solages, y concluye con una reflexión relativa a las tensiones que recorren al método analógico (...) en tanto intermediario entre epistemología y metafísica. (shrink)