I wish to begin by recalling the treatment of mourning, melancholy, and suicide in the last two books of Troilus and Criseyde. The subject of that catastrophe was a chivalric hero whose identity, as I have argued elsewhere, involved a particular discourse of love. This discourse assumed models of gender, individual identity, and community which were intrinsic to ruling elites. It hinged on producing a sense of lack which was to be met by distinctive forms of erotic desire bound up (...) with a complex web of courtly language and behavior. To this process a minutely organized construction of gender roles is essential, a topic whose analysis has been enabled and encouraged by wide-ranging developments in feminist scholarship over the last twenty years. (shrink)

Aēr in Homer has rarely been discussed; the few studies that do exist focus on the word's semantics and scope of reference. This article proposes that we focus instead on how aēr works and what aēr does, both to characters within the Iliad and the Odyssey and, especially, for the poet responsible for composing them. First, I argue that aēr offers the poet a stratagem for navigating complex narrative demands and that it is best understood primarily in terms of the (...) phenomenological effects it produces on Homeric characters. Next, I consider the implications of this argument for discussions of Homeric things and objects, particularly those influenced by New Materialism. Finally, I explore the consequences of this argument for our understanding of the Presocratic thinker most associated with aēr, Anaximenes. (shrink)

ABSTRACT As well as the mathematically-supported celestial mechanics that Newton developed in his Principia, Newton also proposed a more speculative natural philosophy of interparticulate forces of attraction and repulsion. Although this speculative philosophy was not made public before the ‘Queries’ which Newton appended to the Opticks, it originated far earlier in Newton’s career. This article makes the case that Newton’s short, unfinished manuscript, entitled ‘De Aere et Aethere’, should be seen as an important landmark in Newton’s intellectual development, being the (...) first work in which Newton assumed there are repulsive forces operating at a distance between the particles of bodies. The article offers an account of how Newton came to write ‘De Aere et Aethere’ and why. It also outlines its relationship to the ‘Conclusio’, with which Newton briefly intended to finish the Principia, and to the ‘Queries’ in the Opticks. The date of the manuscript is disputed, and the article also aims to settle this dispute. Claims that the ‘De Aere et Aethere’ must have been written before the ‘Hypothesis... of Light’ of 1675 are dismissed, and it is suggested, following R. S. Westfall, that it was written after a well-known letter Newton wrote to Boyle early in 1679. (shrink)

The essay considers synthetically the passages of Hesiod’s Theogony concerning Khaos, Gaia, Uranòs, and Tàrtaros as describing the cosmic structure at its very beginning and at its present state. The final result of the cosmogenetic process consists of three solid parallel disks of equal size separated from one another by the space of Khaos/Aèr. The whole structure is conceived of as an ideal cylinder, whose superior base is Uranòs, the inferior one is Tàrtaros and the median section is Gaia, dividing (...) the whole cylinder into two high semicylinders full of Khaos/Aèr. From this Khaos/Aèr, the primal Four Elements derive, as plants do from their roots, from which all other substances of the universe originate in turn. Thus, Khaos is arkhè not only in the chronological-historical sense, but also in the sense of an eternal generative substance of all things. We may conclude that the Hesiodic word khaos is a lexical ancestor of the later physical and philosophical term hyle because it conveys the primeval notion of ‘matter’. (shrink)

Dans le courant de l’été 2008, l’Agence pour l’évaluation de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur a édité un ensemble de listes de revues scientifiques relevant des sciences de l’homme et de la société, classées par domaines disciplinaires et par niveau d’excellence, les lettres A, B...

Quelles sont les nouveautés introduites en 2012 et 2013 dans la liste des revues de philosophie éditée par l’Agence pour l’évaluation de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur? Rien qui en bouleverse les objectifs et le contenu.

Dans le champ de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, l’évaluation de l’expertise est effectuée dans quatre domaines : les unités de recherche, les programmes de formation, les organismes de recherche et établissements d’enseignement supérieur et de recherche et les procédures d’évaluation des personnels. L’expertise est au cœur même des méthodes d’évaluation mises en œuvre par l’AERES dans le champ de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche.In higher education and research, four areas are subject to assessments of expertise : research (...) units, training programmes, research organisations and higher education and research establishments, and staff assessment procedures. In turn, expert appraisal is central to the assessment methods implemented by AERES in the field of higher education and research. (shrink)

Dans le courant de l’été 2008, l’Agence pour l’évaluation de la recherche et de l’ enseignement supérieur a édité un ensemble de listes de revues scientifiques relevant des sciences de l’homme et de la société, classées par domaines disciplinaires et par niveau d’excellence, les lettres A, B.

L'Agence pour l'évaluation de la recherche et de l' enseignement supérieur avait édité en 2008 deux listes différentes pour le classement des revues philosophiques. En novembre 2009 est parue une nouvelle liste « actualisée ». Des changements importants différencient la nouvelle liste des précédentes. On analyse la portée et les limites de ces changements. In 2008, the Agency for Assessment of Research and Higher Education in France published two separate lists to rank philosophical journals. A new and updated list appeared (...) in November 2009, with significant changes: fewer titles were included and internal ranking was abandoned. This paper discusses the scope and limitations of these changes. (shrink)

Ce bel ouvrage, clair, aéré et spacieux, se caractérise à la fois par sa volonté de simplicité d’accès, et son ambition, puisqu’on y trouve notamment une démonstration de la complétude d’un certain système déductif S1 pour la logique classique des prédicats, ainsi qu’une version synoptique du théorème de Gödel, selon lequel toute théorie du premier ordre complète axiomatisable est décidable, d’où il s’ensuit que l’arithmétique, c’est-à-dire l’ensemble des énoncés du premier ordre vrais dans, n’est pas axiomatisable; ce qu’on exprime souvent (...) en disant que tout système formel pour l’arithmétique est incomplet, au sens où il y a des énoncés vrais qui ne sont pas des théorèmes du système. (shrink)

Ce bel ouvrage, clair, aéré et spacieux, se caractérise à la fois par sa volonté de simplicité d’accès, et son ambition, puisqu’on y trouve notamment une démonstration de la complétude d’un certain système déductif S1 pour la logique classique des prédicats, ainsi qu’une version synoptique du théorème de Gödel, selon lequel toute théorie du premier ordre complète axiomatisable est décidable, d’où il s’ensuit que l’arithmétique, c’est-à-dire l’ensemble des énoncés du premier ordre vrais dans, n’est pas axiomatisable; ce qu’on exprime souvent (...) en disant que tout système formel pour l’arithmétique est incomplet, au sens où il y a des énoncés vrais qui ne sont pas des théorèmes du système. (shrink)

The Collective 0-0009, the oldest and wisest of the Council, spoke and asked : « Who are you, our brother ? For you do not look like a Scholar. » « Our name is Equality 7-2521. »Depuis quelques mois, l’AERES, agence gouvernementale chargée de l’évaluation de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur, créée en 2006, s’efforce d’établir un classement..

Annabelle Dufourcq défriche des terrains glissants et instables avec méthode et rigueur, et aménage les conditions pour que de nouveaux concepts apparaissent. Elle est une sorte de permacultrice de la philosophie : elle laboure des textes classiques pour étayer des thèses inattendues ; elle bouture des concepts pour les laisser bourgeonner librement, elle mélange le compost et aère le terreau des problèmes encroûtés pour élargir le champ des relations entre humains et non-humains. Elle a publ...

The present contribution aims to investigate, from the point of view of text and content, fr. 95 K.‑A. of the comic author Philemon. The fragment, which likely belonged to the prologue of a comedy of name unknown, is spoken by Aere (perhaps an allegory), which provides a self-presentation of traits that are para-philosophical and, specifically, Presocratic. Line 2 of the fragment has been condemned by all editors to date, but through an analysis of the fragment’s textual tradition, the line’s syntactic (...) structure and the parodic implications, it is proposed here to retain the line. Finally, reflections are offered also on line 3, considering it in accord with the textual choices adopted in relation to the preceding line. (shrink)

Here Ovid treats the demiurge's disposition of weightless aether over the other elements. This section of the cosmogony follows one that is devoted to the sphere of aer where the creator settles the turbulent winds and other threatening meteorological phenomena. Recently Denis Feeney has suggested that Ovid's demiurge ‘does not act in a very epic manner’ by placing weightless aether on top of the winds. He argues: ‘The oddness of the control is caught in a moment of comparison with Vergil's (...) universe: Vergil's Jupiter controls the winds by putting on top of them a mass of mountains, while Ovid's mundi fabricator places above them the aether, explicitly “liquid and lacking weight, containing nothing of earthly sediment” ’. Feeney's observation has much to recommend it. To begin with, Ovid's excursus on the cardinal winds evokes Vergil's set piece on the cave of Aeolus in Aeneid l. And the demiurge's subsequent placement of aether seems to echo the action of the Vergilian Jupiter. However, Feeney's conclusion that the demiurge's action is ‘redolent of anti-epic allegiances’ needs some adjustment.4 For his reading neglects an important verbal and structural allusion to the cosmogony of Lucretius . Accordingly, the conclusion to be drawn from lines 67–8 may be, not that Ovid momentarily reveals his Callimachean colours in an epic context, but that he plays Lucretius off against Vergil and so establishes his own position in the epic tradition of cosmological poetry. (shrink)

In fragment 38 Diels–Kranz, Empedocles turns to describe the creation of ‘everything that we now see’: γαî τε κα πντος πςλυκμων δ' γρς ρ ιτν δ' αθρ σΦγγων περ κκλον παντα. Here, as so often with Empedocles, the influence of Zeller and Diels has proved decisive in determining later interpretations of the text. They understood the words ιτν δ' αθρ as meaning ‘and Titan aither’; ‘; the text has been mistranslated ever since. In fact the conjunction δ is never postponed. (...) This means that—as scholars earlier in the nineteenth century well understood—‘Titan” must be an item on its own, distinct from the aither: earth and wavy sea and moist aer, Titan and aither binding everything in its circular grip. (shrink)

A sample survey of members of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists (AERE) found relatively low rates of obvious ethical misconduct, such as data fabrication and falsification, and higher rates of dubious behaviors, such as deliberate overstatement of positive and understatement of negative results. AERE members reported that job-related pressures-including competition with peers, pressure due to professional implication and on-the-job pressure-were the most important causes. The most effective preventive measures, according to respondents, were discussion of ethics in existing classes, (...) codes of ethics, and short courses at professional meetings. The vast majority of AERE members were against government audits and regulations. (shrink)

Molecular and developmental studies of limb pattern formation have recently gained widespread attention. The fact that vertebrate limbs are amenable to both genetic and embryological manipulations has established this model system as a valuable paradigm for studying vertebrate development. Limb buds are polarised along all three major axes and the establishment of the dorso‐ventral (DV) polarity is dependent upon cues localised in the trunk, where a DV ectodermal interface is produced by confrontation of dorsal and ventral identities. By analogy to (...) Drosophila imaginal disc development, this interface has been proposed to determine and position an ectodermal organising centre, the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER), controlling limb bud outgrowth. Recent fate mapping studies(1) and studies of genes regulating DV limb polarity(2‐6), AER formation(7,8) and differentiation(9) suggest, however, that DV patterning and AER induction, though coordinately regulated during limb bud outgrowth, may early on be more dissociated than expected. (shrink)

This article is an examination of the moral complexity of the act of whistleblowing in the context of corporate corruption. Whistleblowing may be a morally admirable act underataken by morally ambiguous agents, but can only be fully understood in context. Using German theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s essay “What Does It Mean to Tell the Truth?” This essay will examine how the kind of deception sometimes necessary in whistleblowing cases can be testimony to a larger and more profound truth.

In the poem which sets the seal on his three books of odes, Horace declares that his monument to himself will be more durable than bronze and higher than the pyramids. As T. E. Page noted in his commentary, aere can suggest not only bronze tablets, but also commemorative statuary, although tablets seems more to the fore here, given the reference to monumentum As for the pyramids, they are a fine example of grandiloquent architecture, but of a kind which is (...) nevertheless subject to the destructive natural forces from which Horace exempts his own commemoration. (shrink)

In the poem which sets the seal on his three books of odes, Horace declares that his monument to himself will be more durable than bronze and higher than the pyramids. As T. E. Page noted in his commentary, aere can suggest not only bronze tablets, but also commemorative statuary, although tablets seems more to the fore here, given the reference tomonumentumAs for the pyramids, they are a fine example of grandiloquent architecture, but of a kind which is nevertheless subject (...) to the destructive natural forces from which Horace exempts his own commemoration. (shrink)

This article argues that one of our only pieces of evidence for Roman marriage between cinaedi, Juvenal's second satire, has been consistently misread and in fact describes a marriage between a cinaedus and a sex worker. It begins by providing the context for the passage in question and its traditional reading, and then demonstrates that the critical phrase siue hic recto cantauerat aere refers to financial, not erotic, exchanges. The article finally discusses the implications of this correction, which are far (...) more substantial than one might expect for a contentious ablative. (shrink)

Purpose Uncertainty is an under-respected issue when it comes to automatic assessment of human emotion by machines. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the existent approaches towards such measurement of uncertainty, and identify further research need. Design/methodology/approach The discussion is based on a literature review. Findings Technical solutions towards measurement of uncertainty in automatic emotion recognition exist but need to be extended to respect a range of so far underrepresented sources of uncertainty. These then need to be integrated (...) into systems available to general users. Research limitations/implications Not all sources of uncertainty in automatic emotion recognition including emotion representation and annotation can be touched upon in this communication. Practical implications AER systems shall be enhanced by more meaningful and complete information provision on the uncertainty underlying their estimates. Limitations of their applicability should be communicated to users. Social implications Users of automatic emotion recognition technology will become aware of their limitations, potentially leading to a fairer usage in crucial application context. Originality/value There is no previous discussion including the technical view point on extended uncertainty measurement in automatic emotion recognition. (shrink)