Results for 'status moralny'

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  1.  7
    Urszula Zarosa, Status moralny zwierząt, PWN, Warszawa 2017, ss. 276.Barbara Grabowska - 2018 - Ruch Filozoficzny 73 (1):157.
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  2.  6
    (Nie)świadomość zwierząt a ich status moralny. Jak pogodzić etykę z filozofią umysłu?Maja Kittel - 2006 - Etyka 39:99-114.
    Filozofowie umysłu zaczynają odgrywać istotną rolę w debacie na temat statusu moralnego zwierząt. Współczesne, obiecujące koncepcje świadomości każą uznać, że zwierzęta nie są zdolne do cierpienia w ludzkim sensie, co budzi sprzeciw wielu badaczy troszczących się o los zwierząt. Ponadto, etycy uznający zdolność do cierpienia za podstawowe kryterium przyznawania statusu moralnego, są w kłopocie, gdyż wyniki nauk kognitywnych wydają się kłócić z ich intuicjami. Proponuję usunąć ten problem przez odrzucenie poglądu uznającego konieczny związek między posiadaniem statusu moralnego a zdolnością do (...)
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  3.  8
    »Moralni status« biljaka u bioetičkoj prosudbi biljne genske tehnologije.Katica Knezović - 2011 - Filozofska Istrazivanja 31 (2):323-333.
    U antropocentričkim se pristupima čovjekovim potrebama i interesima u vegetativnoj prirodi pripisuje moralna vrijednost. Imaju li i druga živa bića interese koje bi čovjek u svom ophođenju s njima trebao uzimati u obzir? To se pitanje ovdje obrađuje raspravom o interesima , intrinzičkoj vrijednosti i o »moralnim pravima« biljaka kao mogućim nositeljima njihova moralnoga statusa. Analogno osjetilnoj sposobnosti životinja, pokušava se u sposobnosti biljke da uspijeva prepoznati onu sposobnost koja bi mogla utemeljiti njezin moralni status .Mogu li se ljudi (...)
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  4.  17
    Toward a Moderate Hierarchical View About the Moral Status of Animals.Stefan Sencerz - forthcoming - Etyka.
    In this essay, I develop a moderate hierarchical position about the moral status of animals that is based on two factors: on the level of mental development of a being who is affected and on the significance of the interests that are affected. I argue that this view accommodates two different sets of moral intuitions. On one hand, it explains why, in general, humans have the special moral standing that is typically attributed to us. On the other hand, it (...)
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  5.  4
    Intuitivní zahradník: Epistemický status morálních intuic.Jan Horský - 2014 - Pro-Fil:15-35.
    Cílem článku je prozkoumat otázku po epistemickém statusu morálních intuic. Empirické výzkumy na poli morální psychologie ukazují, že intuice hojně využíváme při morálním hodnocení. Spoléháme se na ně však i jako morální filosofové při testování našich teorií – má-li některá normativní teorie proti-intuitivní důsledky, chápeme to jako její vadu a vice versa. V článku se snažím zodpovědět otázku, zda je taková praxe odvolávání se na morální intuice jako na evidenci ospravedlnitelná – je morální intuice spolehlivým epistemickým kanálem? Nejprve se budu (...)
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  6. Ślepy traf a preimplantacyjna diagnostyka genetyczna.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2013 - Przeglad Filozoficzny - Nowa Seria 85 (1):31-46.
    Wedle Stanowiska Komitetu Bioetyki przy Prezydium PAN nr 2/2012 z dnia 8. czerwca 2012 r. w sprawie preimplantacyjnej diagnostyki genetycznej (PDG) jednym z głównych problemów wiążących się z prawnym uregulowaniem PDG jest nierozstrzygalność sporu na temat statusu moralnego ludzkich zarodków. Stanowisko i zgłoszone do niego zdania odrębne stwierdzają, że ci, którzy uznają, że wczesne zarodki mają pełny status moralny, nie mogą się zgodzić na diagnostykę preimplantacyjną. W artykule pokazuję, że przyjęcie nawet skrajnie konserwatywnego poglądu na status wczesnych (...)
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  7.  6
    Intuitivní zahradník: Epistemický status morálních intuic.Jan Horský - 2014 - Pro-Fil 2014 (S1):15-35.
    Cílem článku je prozkoumat otázku po epistemickém statusu morálních intuic. Empirické výzkumy na poli morální psychologie ukazují, že intuice hojně využíváme při morálním hodnocení. Spoléháme se na ně však i jako morální filosofové při testování našich teorií – má-li některá normativní teorie proti-intuitivní důsledky, chápeme to jako její vadu a vice versa. V článku se snažím zodpovědět otázku, zda je taková praxe odvolávání se na morální intuice jako na evidenci ospravedlnitelná – je morální intuice spolehlivým epistemickým kanálem? Nejprve se budu (...)
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  8. Moralna niepewność w argumentacji bioetycznej.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2016 - Filozofia W Praktyce 2 (14).
    Niektórzy twierdzą, że nawet jeśli ktoś nie wierzy, że embriony lub płody ludzkie mają jakiś szczególnie wyróżniony status moralny, to z ostrożności powinien traktować je tak, jak gdyby miały pełny status moralny. Pokażę, dlaczego takie rozumowanie jest niepoprawne.
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  9. Argument z niepewności normatywnej a etyczna ocena badań naukowych wykorzystujących ludzkie embriony.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2012 - Diametros 32:131-159.
    Konserwatywni przeciwnicy prowadzenia badań naukowych na ludzkich embrionach argumentują, że od momentu poczęcia mają one status moralny równy statusowi ludzi dorosłych: zarodki mają takie samo prawo do życia jak dorośli. W artykule przedstawiam oryginalną argumentację za tym stanowiskiem, której źródła można znaleźć w XVII-wiecznej teologii moralnej i współczesnej teorii decyzji. Argumentacja ta nie odwołuje się do statusu ontologicznego embrionów, ale do pewnego typu rozumowania praktycznego na temat tego, co należy robić w rozmaitych sytuacjach niepewności. Na pierwszy rzut oka (...)
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  10.  13
    Charakterystyka prowadzenia publicznej debaty bioetycznej w Polsce na przykładzie dyskusji o kwestiach reprodukcyjnych.Alicja Przyłuska-Fiszer & Katarzyna Korbacz - 2022 - Etyka 60 (1):111-135.
    Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie współczesnej publicznej debaty bioetycznej w Polsce na przykładzie dyskusji na temat kwestii reprodukcyjnych. Autorki podkreślają polaryzację i radykalizację przeciwstawnych stanowisk i pomijanie zagadnień istotnych dla dyskusji filozoficznych na ten temat. Debata społeczna ma charakter sporu światopoglądowego o charakterze pragmatycznym, a jej celem jest oddziaływanie na zmianę bądź ugruntowanie już przyjmowanych przekonań moralnych umożliwiające przyjęcie i akceptację społeczną proponowanego rozwiązania legislacyjnego. Do radykalizacji sporu przyczynia się silny wpływ instytucji Kościoła, rozwój ruchu społecznego na rzecz obrony praw kobiet (...)
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  11. Godność jako właściwość osoby. Typy godności – propozycja systematyzacji (część 1) [Dignity as a Quality of Person: Types of Dignity – a Proposed Systematisation (Part 1)].Marek Piechowiak - 2022 - Przegląd Konstytucyjny 2022 (2):7-30.
    "Dignity as a Quality of Person: Types of Dignity – a Proposed Systematisation" This study aims to identify various meanings of the expression (name) “dignity”, with particular emphasis on the meanings of the expression as it appears in the text of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. The meaning of the name “dignity” is the concept of dignity; in turn, the concept of dignity encompasses dignity of particular types. Twelve different meanings of the expression “dignity” are indicated – twelve (...)
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  12. Etyka wojny a dopuszczalność zabijania.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2010 - Diametros 25:103-117.
    W artykule wykażę, że szeroko rozpowszechnione poglądy na temat norm, które obowiązują żółnierzy na wojnie, pozostają w sprzeczności z moralnością ogólną. Etyka wojny dopuszcza działania, które w zwyczajnych sytuacjach nie tylko są uznawane za moralnie niedopuszczalne, ale wydają się czynami godnymi najwyższego moralnego potępienia. Zwracam uwagę na dwie wybrane rozbieżności między etyką ogólną a etyką wojny, tj. na problem związany z istnieniem asymetrii pomiędzy atakującymi i atakowanymi oraz na kwestię tego, kto jest właściwym celem moralnie usprawiedliwionego aktu przemocy. Odrzucając stanowiska (...)
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  13. Niepewność na temat moralnego statusu embrionów ludzkich a preimplantacyjna diagnostyka genetyczna.Tomasz Żuradzki - 2012 - Diametros 34:179-189.
    W tekście omawiam tę część internetowej dyskusji, przeprowadzonej w listopadzie 2012 r. na stronie Polskiego Towarzystwa Bioetycznego, która dotyczyła niepewności na temat moralnego statusu embrionów ludzkich. W trakcie dyskusji PTB na temat Stanowiska Komitetu Bioetyki przy Prezydium PAN w sprawie preimplantacyjnej diagnostyki genetycznej (PDG) pojawił się następujący argument: skoro spór o moralny status embrionu jest nierozstrzygalny, to powinniśmy opowiedzieć się przeciwko moralnej dopuszczalności wykonywania PDG na embrionach, a także przeciwko prawnej dopuszczalności tego rodzaju diagnostyki. W tekście omawiam tezy (...)
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  14.  6
    Gradualizm etyczny – poza antropocentryzmem i biocentryzmem?Gunnar Skirbekk - 2018 - Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica-Aesthetica-Practica 31:11--40.
    Obszar etyki jest najczęściej ograniczany do człowieka i świata ludzkiego: tylko ludzie mogą działać moralnie lub niemoralnie, tylko ludzie mogą być z moralnego punktu widzenia godni pochwały lub nagany; tylko ludziom przypisuje się status podmiotów moralnego działania i podmiotów moralnych praw. W jakim stopniu ten antropocentryzm etyczny daje się utrzymać? Czy współczesna wiedza biologiczna, uwydatniająca ciągłość i stopniowalność cech właściwych dla istot żywych, nie podważa takiego mocnego rozgraniczenia i założenia o uprzywilejowanej pozycji człowieka? Czy nie powinniśmy wyjść poza gatunkowy (...)
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  15. Czy płód jest pacjentem? Medyczne modele relacji kobieta brzemienna – dziecko nienarodzone.Kazimierz Szewczyk - 2012 - Diametros 32:110-130.
    W artykule szkicuję czynniki sprzyjające przemianie kompleksowego ujęcia relacji kobieta ciężarna – płód, w dualny model tego odniesienia. W pierwszym modelu kobieta i płód są traktowani przez lekarzy jak jeden pacjent, natomiast w drugim także fazom prenatalnym ludzkiego życia przyznaje się moralny status samodzielnego pacjenta. Dualne podejście ma negatywne następstwa dla kobiet brzemiennych, sygnalizowane w tekście w polemice z Susan Mattingly. W drugiej części pracy analizuję podjętą przez Franka Chervenaka i Laurence McCullougha, teoretyczną próbę uzasadnienia statusu płodu jako (...)
     
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  16.  6
    Prawo do życia a niepewność moralna.Barbara Chyrowicz - 2008 - Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica-Aesthetica-Practica 21:19-32.
    Tematem wiodącym jest kwestia prawa do życia. Punkt wyjścia stanowi art. 3. Powszechnej Deklaracji Praw Człowieka, który przypisuje to prawo wszystkim ludziom. Problem zaczyna się jednak, kiedy trzeba uściślić, czy w tekście Deklaracji chodzi o pojęcie "istoty ludzkiej", którego desygnatem jest istota ludzka w sensie czysto biologicznym, czy też chodzi raczej o pojęcie "osoby", a więc termin odnoszący się do sfery moralności. Współczesna definicja "osoby ludzkiej", jakiej używa bioetyka wywodzi się z filozofii nowożytnej: ta zaś za cechę konstytutywną ludzi uznaje (...)
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  17.  8
    Moral role models.Slobodan Sadžakov - 2023 - Metodicki Ogledi 30 (1):11-32.
    In this paper, we consider the notion of a moral model, trying to point out the important definitions of this status, as well as certain dilemmas that exist in terms of value determination in relation to this phenomenon. In the introductory part, the complexity of the sphere of moral action is considered, as well as the criteria that are relevant for determining the status of a moral role model. We tried to conduct our analysis of this notion in (...)
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  18.  10
    Talking about myself: A pragmatic approach to the use of aspect forms in lysias 12.4–19.A. Status Quaestionis - 2007 - Classical Quarterly 57:458-476.
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  19. Animated Persona: The Ontological Status of a Deceased Person Who Continues to Appear in This World.Masahiro Morioka - 2021 - European Journal of Japanese Philosophy 6:115-131.
    In this paper, I propose the concept of the “animated persona,” a soundless voice that says, “I am here” and appears on the surface of someone or something. This concept can bring clarity to the experience of perceiving a kind of personhood on a corpse, a wooden mask, or even a tree. In the first half of this paper, I will examine some Japanese literature and a work of Viktor Frankl’s that discuss these phenomena. In the second half, I will (...)
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  20. On the moral status of social robots: considering the consciousness criterion.Kestutis Mosakas - 2021 - AI and Society 36 (2):429-443.
    While philosophers have been debating for decades on whether different entities—including severely disabled human beings, embryos, animals, objects of nature, and even works of art—can legitimately be considered as having moral status, this question has gained a new dimension in the wake of artificial intelligence (AI). One of the more imminent concerns in the context of AI is that of the moral rights and status of social robots, such as robotic caregivers and artificial companions, that are built to (...)
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  21.  48
    Danaher’s Ethical Behaviourism: An Adequate Guide to Assessing the Moral Status of a Robot?Jilles Smids - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (5):2849-2866.
    This paper critically assesses John Danaher’s ‘ethical behaviourism’, a theory on how the moral status of robots should be determined. The basic idea of this theory is that a robot’s moral status is determined decisively on the basis of its observable behaviour. If it behaves sufficiently similar to some entity that has moral status, such as a human or an animal, then we should ascribe the same moral status to the robot as we do to this (...)
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  22. Character and Environment: The Status of Virtues in Organizations.Miguel Alzola - 2008 - Journal of Business Ethics 78 (3):343-357.
    Using evidence from experimental psychology, some social psychologists, moral philosophers and organizational scholars claim that character traits do not exist and, hence, that the philosophical tradition of virtue ethics is empirically inadequate and should dispose of the notion of character to accommodate the empirical evidence. In this paper, I systematically address the debate between dispositionalists and situationists about the existence, status and properties of character traits and their manifestations in human behavior, with the ultimate goal of responding to the (...)
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  23. The historical development and current status of psychology in Malaysia.Colleen Ward - 1987 - In Geoffrey H. Blowers & Alison M. Turtle (eds.), Psychology moving East: the status of western psychology in Asia and Oceania. [Sydney]: Sydney University Press. pp. 201--222.
     
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  24. Human-animal chimeras: Human dignity, moral status, and species prejudice.David Degrazia - 2007 - Metaphilosophy 38 (2-3):309–329.
    The creation of chimeras by introducing human stem cells into nonhu- man animals has provoked intense concerns. Addressing objections that appeal to human dignity, I focus in this essay on stem cell research intended to generate human neurons in Great Apes and rodents. After considering samples of dignity- based objections from the literature, I examine the underlying assumption that nonhuman animals have lower moral status than personsFwith particular attention to what it means to speak of higher and lower moral (...)
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  25.  52
    A pluralist account of the basis of moral status.Giacomo Floris - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 178 (6):1859-1877.
    Standard liberal theories of justice rest on the assumption that only those beings that hold the capacity for moral personality have moral status and therefore are right-holders. As many pointed out, this has the disturbing implication of excluding a wide range of entities from the scope of justice. Call this the under-inclusiveness objection. This paper provides a response to the under-inclusiveness objection and illustrates its implications for liberal theories of justice. In particular, the paper defends two claims: first, it (...)
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  26. Radical enhancement as a moral status de-enhancer.Jesse Gray - 2020 - Monash Bioethics Review 1 (2):146-165.
    Nicholas Agar, Jeff McMahan and Allen Buchanan have all expressed concerns about enhancing humans far outside the species-typical range. They argue radically enhanced beings will be entitled to greater and more beneficial treatment through an enhanced moral status, or a stronger claim to basic rights. I challenge these claims by first arguing that emerging technologies will likely give the enhanced direct control over their mental states. The lack of control we currently exhibit over our mental lives greatly contributes to (...)
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  27.  45
    Empathic responses and moral status for social robots: an argument in favor of robot patienthood based on K. E. Løgstrup.Simon N. Balle - 2022 - AI and Society 37 (2):535-548.
    Empirical research on human–robot interaction has demonstrated how humans tend to react to social robots with empathic responses and moral behavior. How should we ethically evaluate such responses to robots? Are people wrong to treat non-sentient artefacts as moral patients since this rests on anthropomorphism and ‘over-identification’ —or correct since spontaneous moral intuition and behavior toward nonhumans is indicative for moral patienthood, such that social robots become our ‘Others’?. In this research paper, I weave extant HRI studies that demonstrate empathic (...)
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  28.  4
    Affectivity and Intentionality - Phenomenological Status of the World in Michel Henry’s Phenomenology -. 조태구 - 2022 - Cheolhak-Korean Journal of Philosophy 151:113-135.
    앙리는 삶이라는 오직 단 하나의 실재만이 실존한다고 주장한다. 따라서 그의 현상학에서 삶과 절대적으로 대립하는 세계는 비실재로 규정될 뿐이며, 실제로 앙리는 자신의 현상학적 탐구 영역에서 세계를 배제해 버리기도 한다. 앙리의 현상학에서 세계의 현상학적 지위는 이렇게 하나의 문제로 제기된다. 본 글에서는 앙리 현상학에서 세계가 비실재로 규정되는 과정을 살펴보고, 이렇게 비실재적인 것으로 규정됨에도 불구하고 세계가 결코 부정할 수 없는 현실성(effectivité)을 가지게 되는 이유를 앙리가 말하는 “나타남의 이중성”과 “무관심의 대립”이라는 개념을 통해 검토할 것이다. 이러한 탐구는 앙리의 현상학에서 세계가 가지는 그 현상학적 지위와 의미를 명확히 (...)
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  29. The scientific status of psychoanalytic clinical evidence. Bj - 1964 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 7 (1-4):47 – 79.
     
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  30. The Moral Status of Animal Training.Beth A. Dixon - 1995 - Between the Species: A Journal of Ethics 11:54.
     
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  31.  5
    The logical status of "God" and the function of theological sentences.Michael Durrant - 1973 - [New York]: St. Martins Press.
  32.  16
    Evolutionary Ethics and the Status of Non-Human Animals.Rosemary Rodd - 1996 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 13 (1):63-72.
    ABSTRACT If we accept that the behaviour of humans and other animals is very substantially channelled by evolutionary constraints, it might appear that there can be no place for animals within the protection of a human system of morality. However, the nature of plausible evolutionary constraints on the cognition of social animals, including humans, suggests that this is not so. It is likely that the most important element in our morality is the capacity to imagine the feelings of other individuals, (...)
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  33. The meaning and status of Newton's law of inertia and the nature of gravitational forces.J. Earman & M. Friedman - 1973 - Philosophy of Science 40 (3):329-359.
    A four dimensional approach to Newtonian physics is used to distinguish between a number of different structures for Newtonian space-time and a number of different formulations of Newtonian gravitational theory. This in turn makes possible an in-depth study of the meaning and status of Newton's Law of Inertia and a detailed comparison of the Newtonian and Einsteinian versions of the Law of Inertia and the Newtonian and Einsteinian treatments of gravitational forces. Various claims about the status of Newton's (...)
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  34. It’s Complicated: What Our Attitudes toward Pregnancy, Abortion, and Miscarriage Tell Us about the Moral Status of Early Fetuses.K. Lindsey Chambers - 2020 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 50 (8):950-965.
    Many accounts of the morality of abortion assume that early fetuses must all have or lack moral status in virtue of developmental features that they share. Our actual attitudes toward early fetuses don’t reflect this all-or-nothing assumption: early fetuses can elicit feelings of joy, love, indifference, or distress. If we start with the assumption that our attitudes toward fetuses reflect a real difference in their moral status, then we need an account of fetal moral status that can (...)
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  35.  28
    How Do Power and Status Differ in Predicting Unethical Decisions? A Cross-National Comparison of China and Canada.Yongmei Liu, Sixuan Chen, Chris Bell & Justin Tan - 2019 - Journal of Business Ethics 167 (4):745-760.
    This study examines the varying roles of power, status, and national culture in unethical decision-making. Most research on unethical behavior in organizations is grounded in Western societies; empirical comparative studies of the antecedents of unethical behavior across nations are rare. The authors conduct this comparative study using scenario studies with four conditions in both China and Canada. The results demonstrate that power is positively related to unethical decision-making in both countries. Status has a positive effect on unethical decision-making (...)
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  36.  30
    Pluralism, Disagreement, and the Status of Argument in the Public Sphere.Robert Asen - 2005 - Informal Logic 25 (2):117-137.
    Argument teachers and scholars have frequently invoked external justification-impressing one's viewpoint upon another-as the primary social function of argument. Pluralism and fundamental disagreement in contemporary democratic societies raise questions regarding the status of argument, including the functions argument should serve. In this essay, I suggest alternatives of agenda expansion, responsibility attribution, and identity formation as important functions of argument in diverse societies. Thesealternative functions are especially important under conditions of social inequality, since they allow less powerful individuals and groups (...)
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  37.  26
    The Status of the Object.Dick Pels, Kevin Hetherington & FrÈdÈric Vandenberghe - 2002 - Theory, Culture and Society 19 (5-6):1-21.
    In their substantive introduction, the editors first revisit two classical sites of controversy which have offered frameworks for theorizing the interplay between materiality and sociality: reification and fetishism. Obviously, these critical vocabularies emerge as crucial sites of perplexity as soon as the ontological boundary between subjects and objects is rendered equally problematic and fluid as the epistemological boundary between the imaginary and the real. A thumbnail sketch of the history of the two discursive traditions provides an elaborate systematic framework for (...)
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  38.  14
    Spanish Validation of the Shorter Version of the Workplace Incivility Scale: An Employment Status Invariant Measure.Donatella Di Marco, Inés Martínez-Corts, Alicia Arenas & Nuria Gamero - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9:322024.
    Workplace Incivility (WI) occurs worldwide and has negative consequences on individuals and organizations. Valid and comprehensive instruments have been used, specifically in English speaking countries, to measure such adverse process at work, but it is not available a validated instrument for research carried out in Spanish speaking countries. In this study we aim to test the psychometric properties of the Matthews and Ritter’s four-item Workplace Incivility Scale (2016) with Spanish workers (N= 407) from different sectors. Participants’ mean age was 38.73 (...)
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  39. Preferences, welfare, and the status-quo bias.Dale Dorsey - 2010 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 88 (3):535-554.
    Preferences play a role in well-being that is difficult to escape, but whatever authority one grants to preferences, their malleability seems to cause problems for any theory of well-being that employs them. Most importantly, preferences appear to display a status-quo bias: people come to prefer what they are likely rather than unlikely to get. I try to do two things here. The first is to provide a more precise characterization of the status-quo bias, how it functions, and how (...)
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  40.  18
    Can We Have Moral Status for Robots on the Cheap?Sebastian Köhler - 2023 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 24 (1).
    Should artificial agents (such as robots) be granted moral status? This seems like an important question to resolve, given that we will encounter a growing number of increasingly sophisticated artificial agents in the not too distant future. However, many will think that before we can even start to tackle questions about the moral status of artificial agents, we first need to solve tricky issues in the philosophy of mind. After all, most orthodox views about moral status imply (...)
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  41.  16
    Family firm status and environmental disclosure: The moderating effect of board gender diversity.Barbara Maggi, Rafaela Gjergji, Luigi Vena, Salvatore Sciascia & Alessandro Cortesi - 2023 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 32 (4):1334-1351.
    Building on agency and resource-based view theories, this study investigates the level of environmental disclosure (ED) practices of family versus non-family firms and explores the moderating role of board gender diversity. We test our hypotheses on a 3-year (2018–2020) panel data sample comprising 324 observations of Italian small- and medium-sized enterprises traded on the Euronext Growth Milan. Findings show that, compared to non-family firms, companies with a family firm status are characterized by lower levels of ED. Gender diversity on (...)
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  42.  30
    Social Position and Social Status: An Institutional and Relational Sociological Conception.Zoltán Farkas - 2022 - Human Studies 45 (3):417-445.
    In this article, I discuss the concepts of social position and social status, the types of social position, as well as the determinedness of social statuses by the given positions in a new approach. In the first, introductory part of the article, I emphasize that the institutional sociological conception of social position in my approach is relatively closest to the structuralist position conception. In the second part, I introduce two different concepts, labelled social position and social status, and (...)
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  43.  12
    Gender, Socioeconomic Status, Cultural Differences, Education, Family Size and Procrastination: A Sociodemographic Meta-Analysis.Desheng Lu, Yiheng He & Yu Tan - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Procrastination describes a ubiquitous scenario in which individuals voluntarily postpone scheduled activities at the expense of adverse consequences. Steel pioneered a meta-analysis to explicitly reveal the nature of procrastination and sparked intensive research on its demographic characteristics. However, conflicting and heterogeneous findings reported in the existing literature make it difficult to draw reliable conclusions. In addition, there is still room to further investigate on more sociodemographic features that include socioeconomic status, cultural differences and procrastination education. To this end, we (...)
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  44.  94
    The Ontological Status of Consent and its Implications for the Law on Rape.H. M. Malm - 1996 - Legal Theory 2 (2):147-164.
    One of the dominant themes of the symposium from which this collection of articles arose was the ontological status of consent. Is consent a particular state of mind? Is it the signification of that state of mind via a conventionally recognized act? Or, is consent a normative concept that evaluates not only the presence of a state of mind or act, but also the appropriateness of that state of mind or act in the particular circumstances?
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  45.  18
    On the Epistemic Status of Prenatal Ultrasound: Are Ultrasound Scans Photographic Pictures?Maddalena Favaretto, Danya F. Vears & Pascal Borry - 2020 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 45 (2):231-250.
    Medical imaging is predominantly a visual field. In this context, prenatal ultrasound images assume intense social, ethical, and psychological significance by virtue of the subject they represent: the fetus. This feature, along with the sophistication introduced by three-dimensional ultrasound imaging that allows improved visualization of the fetus, has contributed to the common impression that prenatal ultrasound scans are like photographs of the fetus. In this article we discuss the consistency of such a comparison. First, we investigate the epistemic role of (...)
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  46.  39
    Literature review: Status and trends of research ethics in Swedish nurses' dissertations.Sofia Kjellström & Bengt Fridlund - 2010 - Nursing Ethics 17 (3):383-392.
    Research ethics is increasingly formally regulated, but little is known about how ethical considerations are reported in dissertations. The aim of this literature study was to describe the status and trends of ethical considerations in Swedish doctoral dissertations written by registered nurses. A total of 77 dissertations from 1987, 1997, and 2007 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Ethical considerations were mostly overlooked in 1987, but almost ubiquitous by 2007. All dissertations in 2007, except one, (...)
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  47. On the status of proofs by contradiction in the seventeenth century.Paolo Mancosu - 1991 - Synthese 88 (1):15 - 41.
    In this paper I show that proofs by contradiction were a serious problem in seventeenth century mathematics and philosophy. Their status was put into question and positive mathematical developments emerged from such reflections. I analyse how mathematics, logic, and epistemology are intertwined in the issue at hand. The mathematical part describes Cavalieri's and Guldin's mathematical programmes of providing a development of parts of geometry free of proofs by contradiction. The logical part shows how the traditional Aristotelean doctrine that perfect (...)
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  48.  16
    Assessing the Epistemological Status of Certainty in Wittgenstein through the Lens of Critical Rationalism.Abdolhamid Mohammadi & Ali Paya - 2022 - Journal of Philosophical Investigations 16 (38):670-705.
    "Certainty" occupies an important place in Wittgenstein’s epistemology: it does not belong to the category of knowledge but constitutes its foundation. In his view, knowledge boils down to language games, and language games are based on indubitable certainties. According to Wittgenstein, scepticism is meaningless, and if there is no certainty, then even doubt would be meaningless. Wittgesntein maintains that [relative] doubt and knowledge are epistemic categories, whereas absolute doubt and certainty are non-epistemic categories. Epistemic categories are meaningful and when expressed (...)
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  49.  4
    The Ontological Status of Yahweh and the Existence of the Thing we call God.Lerato Likopo Mokoena - 2022 - Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 11 (4):141-150.
    The essence of deities has captured our imaginations for as long as we can remember. Does a God exist, or is the divine entity just a figment of our dreams, a projection? Is God what Aribiah Attoe calls a “regressively eternal and material entity” or what Gericke calls “a character of fiction with no counterpart outside the worlds of text and imagination”? This paper aims to wrestle with those questions from a theological perspective and to look at the ontological (...) of Yahweh and how that worldview lends itself to African Traditional Religions in conversation with Attoe's method of inquiry from the perspective of African Metaphysics. This paper aims to be a part of the larger project undertaken by the author, showing that philosophy can and should be an auxiliary discipline in Old Testament Studies as it has been seen, both fields have ways of similar arguing and coming to the same conclusions. This paper is intended to be an interlocutory exercise or experiment and does not seek to validate any hypothesis about either view. (shrink)
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  50.  35
    An Evolutionary Account of Status, Power, and Career in Modern Societies.Martin Fieder & Susanne Huber - 2012 - Human Nature 23 (2):191-207.
    We hypothesize that in modern societies the striving for high positions in the hierarchy of organizations is equivalent to the striving for status and power in historical and traditional societies. Analyzing a sample of 4,491 US men and 5,326 US women, we find that holding a supervisory position or being in charge of hiring and firing is positively associated with offspring count in men but not in women. The positive effect in men is attributable mainly to the higher proportion (...)
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