Results for 'Medical innovations Moral and ethical aspects.'

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  1.  73
    An uncomfortable refusal pp. 15-15 HTML version | PDF version (78k) subject Headings: Premature infants -- medical care -- moral and ethical aspects. Commentary. [REVIEW]Gary Duhon - 2008 - Hastings Center Report 38 (5):pp. 15-16.
  2. Political and interpersonal aspects of ethics consultation.Joel E. Frader - 1992 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 13 (1).
    Previous papers on ethics consultation in medicine have taken a positivistic approach and lack critical scrutiny of the psychosocial, political, and moral contexts in which consultations occur. This paper discusses some of the contextual factors that require more careful research. We need to know more about what prompts and inhibits consultation, especially what factors effectively prevent house officers and nonphysicians from requesting consultation despite perceived moral conflict in cases. The attitudes and institutional power of attending medical staff (...)
     
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  3. Beyond humanity?: the ethics of biomedical enhancement.Allen E. Buchanan - 2011 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    In Beyond Humanity a leading philosopher offers a powerful and controversial exploration of urgent ethical issues concerning human enhancement.
  4.  7
    Who says you're dead?: medical & ethical dilemmas for the curious and concerned.Jacob M. Appel - 2019 - Chapel Hill, North Carolina: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill.
    “An original, compelling, and provocative exploration of ethical issues in our society, with thoughtful and balanced commentary. I have not seen anything like it.” —Alan Lightman, author of Einstein’s Dreams Drawing upon the author’s two decades teaching medical ethics, as well as his work as a practicing psychiatrist, this profound and addictive little book offers up challenging ethical dilemmas and asks readers, What would you do? A daughter gets tested to see if she’s a match to donate (...)
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  5.  6
    Iskorak bioetike: nove biotehnologije i društveni aspekti "poboljšanja" zdravih = The stride of bioethics and bio-technologies and social aspects of the 'enhancement' of the healthy.Veselin Mitrović - 2012 - Beograd: Institut za sociološka istraživanja Filozofskog fakulteta u Beogradu.
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  6. Moral “Lock-In” in Responsible Innovation: The Ethical and Social Aspects of Killing Day-Old Chicks and Its Alternatives.M. R. N. Bruijnis, V. Blok, E. N. Stassen & H. G. J. Gremmen - 2013 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 28 (5):939-960.
    The aim of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework that will help in understanding and evaluating, along social and ethical lines, the issue of killing day-old male chicks and two alternative directions of responsible innovations to solve this issue. The following research questions are addressed: Why is the killing of day-old chicks morally problematic? Are the proposed alternatives morally sound? To what extent do the alternatives lead to responsible innovation? The conceptual framework demonstrates clearly that there (...)
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  7.  23
    Philosophical and ethical aspects of economic design.Philippe van Basshuysen - 2019 - Dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science
    This thesis studies some philosophical and ethical issues that economic design raises. Chapter 1 gives an overview of economic design and argues that a crossfertilisation between philosophy and economic design is possible and insightful for both sides. Chapter 2 examines the implications of mechanism design for theories of rationality. I show that non-classical theories, such as constrained maximization and team reasoning, are at odds with the constraint of incentive compatibility. This poses a problem for non-classical theories, which proponents of (...)
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  8. Wonderwoman and Superman: the ethics of human biotechnology.John Harris - 1992 - Oxford University Press.
    Since the birth of the first test-tube baby, Louise Brown, in 1977, we have seen truly remarkable advances in biotechnology. We can now screen the fetus for Down Syndrome, Spina Bifida, and a wide range of genetic disorders. We can rearrange genes in DNA chains and redirect the evolution of species. We can record an individual's genetic fingerprint. And we can potentially insert genes into human DNA that will produce physical warning signs of cancer, allowing early detection. In fact, biotechnology (...)
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  9.  8
    Cutting-edge bioethics: a Christian exploration of technologies and trends.John Frederic Kilner, C. Christopher Hook & Diane B. Uustal (eds.) - 2002 - Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans.
    This book from the Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity provides a faith-based evaluation of recent technologies and trends in bioethics--including the current debate surrounding stem cell research. Fifteen noted scholars and medical practitioners discuss some of today's new and controversial work in biomedicine--xenotransplantation, artificial intelligence, cybernetics, and more--and evaluate from a Christian perspective both the science and the ethical questions it raises. Designed to orient general readers to the current state of biomedical research, Cutting-Edge Bioethics is must (...)
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  10.  41
    Evidence, ethos and experiment: the anthropology and history of medical research in Africa.Wenzel Geissler & Catherine Molyneux (eds.) - 2011 - New York: Berghahn Books.
    "This is an extremely interesting and innovative collection with unusual empirical richness, with ethical and epistemological discussions cutting across ...
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  11.  70
    Ethical and regulatory aspects of clinical research: readings and commentary.Ezekiel J. Emanuel (ed.) - 2003 - Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
    All investigators funded by the National Institutes of Health are now required to receive training about the ethics of clinical research. Based on a course taught by the editors at NIH, Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research is the first book designed to help investigators meet this new requirement. The book begins with the history of human subjects research and guidelines instituted since World War II. It then covers various stages and components of the clinical trial process: designing (...)
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  12.  46
    Moral “Lock-In” in Responsible Innovation: The Ethical and Social Aspects of Killing Day-Old Chicks and Its Alternatives.Payam Moula & Per Sandin - 2015 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 28 (5):939-960.
    The aim of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework that will help in understanding and evaluating, along social and ethical lines, the issue of killing day-old male chicks and two alternative directions of responsible innovations to solve this issue. The following research questions are addressed: Why is the killing of day-old chicks morally problematic? Are the proposed alternatives morally sound? To what extent do the alternatives lead to responsible innovation? The conceptual framework demonstrates clearly that there (...)
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  13.  9
    Big data and ethics: the medical datasphere.Jérôme Béranger - 2016 - Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
    Faced with the exponential development of Big Data and both its legal and economic repercussions, we are still slightly in the dark concerning the use of digital information. In the perpetual balance between confidentiality and transparency, this data will lead us to call into question how we understand certain paradigms, such as the Hippocratic Oath in medicine. As a consequence, a reflection on the study of the risks associated with the ethical issues surrounding the design and manipulation of this (...)
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  14.  2
    Making medical choices: who is responsible?Jane J. Stein - 1978 - Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
    The central theme of this book is that technological advances in medicine have created a multitude of choices for each individual -- choices that can influence how we live and die. These choices are difficult ones, and the book provides a better understanding of the issues. Thus, the implications of each choice become clearer. Such decisions remain inherently very difficult and personal. Thoughtful, compassionate societies must consider these difficult problems. Can we develop mechanisms to assist in the medical choices (...)
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  15.  12
    Therapie und Enhancement: Ziele und Grenzen der modernen Medizin.Christian Lenk - 2002 - Münster: Lit.
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  16.  19
    Emergent medicine and the law.P. -L. Chau - 2021 - Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave-Macmillan. Edited by Jonathan Herring.
    This book examines the relationship between law and scientific advancement, with a particular focus on the theory of evolution and medical innovation. Historically, the law has struggled to keep pace with modern medical advances. The authors demonstrate that the laws that govern human behaviour must evolve in response to such advances."--Provided by publisher.
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  17.  3
    Ethical rationalism and the law.Patrick Capps & Shaun D. Pattinson (eds.) - 2017 - Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.
    What role does reason play in determining what, if anything, is morally right? What role does morality play in law? Perhaps the most controversial answer to these fundamental questions is that reason supports a supreme principle of both morality and legality. The contributors to this book cast a fresh critical eye over the coherence of modern approaches to ethical rationalism within law, and reflect on the intellectual history on which it builds. The contributors then take the debate beyond the (...)
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  18.  28
    Public trust and ‘ethics review’ as a commodity: the case of Genomics England Limited and the UK’s 100,000 genomes project. [REVIEW]Gabrielle Natalie Samuel & Bobbie Farsides - 2018 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 21 (2):159-168.
    The UK Chief Medical Officer’s 2016 Annual Report, Generation Genome, focused on a vision to fully integrate genomics into all aspects of the UK’s National Health Service. This process of integration, which has now already begun, raises a wide range of social and ethical concerns, many of which were discussed in the final Chapter of the report. This paper explores how the UK’s 100,000 Genomes Project —the catalyst for Generation Genome, and for bringing genomics into the NHS—is negotiating (...)
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  19.  11
    Ethical innovation in business and the economy.Georges Enderle & Patrick E. Murphy (eds.) - 2015 - Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
    Innovation has become a buzzword that promises dramatic changes in almost every field of business. Absent from this attention is a serious discussion of the ethical sides of dramatic change. To address this, editors Georges Enderle and Patrick E. Murphy gather a team of experts to fully examine the ethics of innovation within business and the economy in this standout addition to the Studies in TransAtlantic Business Ethics series. The book opens with an exploration and clarification of several key (...)
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  20. Science and Ethics.Bernard E. Rollin - 2006 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    In Science and Ethics, Bernard Rollin examines the ideology that denies the relevance of ethics to science. Providing an introduction to basic ethical concepts, he discusses a variety of ethical issues that are relevant to science and how they are ignored, to the detriment of both science and society. These include research on human subjects, animal research, genetic engineering, biotechnology, cloning, xenotransplantation, and stem cell research. Rollin also explores the ideological agnosticism that scientists have displayed regarding subjective experience (...)
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  21.  36
    The law and ethics of medical research: international bioethics and human rights.Aurora Plomer - 2005 - Portland, Or.: Cavendish.
    This book examines the controversies surrounding biomedical research in the twenty-first century from a human rights perspective, analyzing the evolution and ...
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  22.  17
    Innovation, ethics and our common futures: a collaborative philosophy.Rafael Ziegler - 2020 - Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.
    The important yet contradictory role of innovation in society calls for a philosophy of innovation. Critically exploring innovation in relation to values, the economy and social change, Rafael Ziegler proposes a collaborative theory and practice of innovation that aims to liberate possibilities for our common futures. Following cues from the arts and drawing on the innovation literature across the social sciences, this book exposes pro-innovation bias and the gospel of disruptive change. Not only entrepreneurs but also civic networks and tinkerers (...)
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  23. Mad scientists.Janet Perry - 1999 - Milwaukee, Wis.: Gareth Stevens. Edited by Victor Gentle.
    Contrasts the monster-creating escapades of mad scientists such as Frankenstein, Moreau, and Jekyll with the methods used by real scientists who try to help, not hurt, the world.
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  24.  13
    Ética e Innovación Tecnológica.Fernando Lolas (ed.) - 2006 - Santiago: Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Bioética (CIEB), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Desarrollo, Universidad de Chile.
  25.  48
    AIDS a Moral Issue -- Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects.Brian G. Gazzard - 1992 - Journal of Medical Ethics 18 (1):51-52.
  26.  20
    Consumer genetic technologies: ethical and legal considerations.I. Glenn Cohen, Nita A. Farahany, Henry T. Greely & Carmel Shachar (eds.) - 2021 - New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    For the average person, genetic testing has two very different faces. The rise of genetic testing is often promoted as the democratization of genetics by enabling individuals to gain insights into their unique makeup. At the same time, many have raised concerns that genetic testing and sequencing reveal intensely personal and private information. As these technologies become increasingly available as consumer products, the ethical, legal, and regulatory challenges presented by genomics are ever looming. Assembling multidisciplinary experts, this volume evaluates (...)
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  27.  17
    German Political Philosophy: Moral and Ethical Aspect.Anatolii Yermolenko - 2020 - Filosofska Dumka (Philosophical Thought) 3:6-16.
    The article considers the issues of modern German political philosophy in accordance with its formation, institutionalization and development. Germany’s political philosophy is analyzed in terms of its interaction with social and practical philosophy. The text states that political philoso- phy belongs to both social philosophy and political science. As a political theory, it is a compo- nent of social theories institutionalized in the modern era. As a political philosophy, it appears as a metatheory of political theory. Political philosophy is also (...)
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  28.  25
    On Aspects, Identity Theory, and the Dual Aspect Account.D. Job Morales - forthcoming - Erkenntnis:1-14.
    On the powerful qualities view, every fundamental property is both dispositional and qualitative. Identity theory is the standard account of the view, which makes the stronger claim that a property’s dispositionality and qualitativity are identical to each other, and identical to the property itself. Recent defences of the powerful qualities view have involved novel theories of powerful qualities which are not also variants of identity theory. Giannotti (Erkenntnis 86:603–621, 2021a) has suggested a novel theory of his own, the dual aspect (...)
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  29.  29
    Medical Futility: Legal and Ethical Aspects.Edward R. Grant - 1992 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 20 (4):330-335.
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  30.  9
    The moral brain: essays on the evolutionary and neuroscientific aspects of morality.Jan Verplaetse (ed.) - 2009 - New York: Springer.
    Scientists no longer accept the existence of a distinct moral organ as phrenologists once did. A generation of young neurologists is using advanced technological medical equipment to unravel specific brain processes enabling moral cognition. In addition, evolutionary psychologists have formulated hypotheses about the origins and nature of our moral architecture. Little by little, the concept of a ‘moral brain’ is reinstated. As the crossover between disciplines focusing on moral cognition was rather limited up to (...)
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  31.  3
    Values and ethics in the practice of psychotherapy and counselling.Fiona Palmer Barnes & Lesley Murdin (eds.) - 2001 - Philadelphia: Open University Press.
    The work of every school of psychotherapy and every therapist is inevitably structured by a value system and requires codes of ethics and practice. This book addresses the conscious and unconscious aspects of the value system in which therapists are situated. Values and Ethics in the Practice of Psychotherapy and Counselling explores the central issues through the experience of the contributors, each of whom is well known in this field. Each chapter will raise questions for the reader which will stimulate (...)
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  32.  39
    After harm: medical error and the ethics of forgiveness.Nancy Berlinger - 2005 - Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
    Medical error is a leading problem of health care in the United States. Each year, more patients die as a result of medical mistakes than are killed by motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDS. While most government and regulatory efforts are directed toward reducing and preventing errors, the actions that should follow the injury or death of a patient are still hotly debated. According to Nancy Berlinger, conversations on patient safety are missing several important components: religious voices, (...)
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  33.  31
    Helping medical students to find their moral compasses: ethics teaching for second and third year undergraduates.S. Roff - 2004 - Journal of Medical Ethics 30 (5):487-489.
    The paper describes a two week course that has been offered as a special study module to intermediate level undergraduate medical students at Dundee University Medical School for the past five years. The course requires students to research the various aspects of ethical dilemmas that they have identified themselves, and to “teach” these issues to their colleagues in a short PowerPoint presentation as well as to prepare an extended 3000 word essay discussion. The course specifically asks students (...)
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  34.  9
    Technology and ethics: a European quest for responsible engineering.Ph Goujon & Bertrand Hériard Dubreuil (eds.) - 2001 - Leuven, Belgium: Peeters.
    Technology and Ethics. A European Quest for Responsible Engineering, edited by B. Heriard Dubreuil and his team (University Lille) is in many regards an innovative publication. It is the first fully European contribution to the field of engineering ethics and the result of an intensive cooperation between ethicists and engineers from all the member countries of the European Union. The basic structure of the book is both the distinction and interaction between three levels of analysis: personal responsibility of engineers, the (...)
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  35.  39
    Care Ethics in the Age of Precarity.Maurice Hamington & Michael A. Flower (eds.) - 2021 - Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
    How care can resist the stifling force of the neoliberal paradigm In a world brimming with tremendous wealth and resources, too many are suffering the oppression of precarious existences--and with no adequate relief from free market-driven institutions. Care Ethics in the Age of Precarity assembles an international group of interdisciplinary scholars to explore the question of care theory as a response to market-driven capitalism, addressing the relationship of three of the most compelling social and political subjects today: care, precarity, and (...)
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  36.  35
    Medical Confidentiality: Legal and Ethical Aspects in Greece.Stavroulaa Papadodima - 2008 - Bioethics 22 (7):397-405.
    Respect for confidentiality is firmly established in codes of ethics and law. Medical care and the patients' trust depend on the ability of the doctors to maintain confidentiality. Without a guarantee of confidentiality, many patients would want to avoid seeking medical assistance The principle of confidentiality, however, is not absolute and may be overridden by public interests. On some occasions (birth, death, infectious disease) there is a legal obligation on the part of the doctor to disclose but only (...)
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  37. Ethical, legal and social aspects of brain-implants using nano-scale materials and techniques.Francois Berger, Sjef Gevers, Ludwig Siep & Klaus-Michael Weltring - 2008 - NanoEthics 2 (3):241-249.
    Nanotechnology is an important platform technology which will add new features like improved biocompatibility, smaller size, and more sophisticated electronics to neuro-implants improving their therapeutic potential. Especially in view of possible advantages for patients, research and development of nanotechnologically improved neuro implants is a moral obligation. However, the development of brain implants by itself touches many ethical, social and legal issues, which also apply in a specific way to devices enabled or improved by nanotechnology. For researchers developing nanotechnology (...)
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  38.  10
    Introducing Medical Assistance in Dying in Canada: Lessons on Pragmatic Ethics and the Implementation of a Morally Contested Practice.Andrea Frolic & Allyson Oliphant - 2022 - HEC Forum 34 (4):307-319.
    Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) in Canada has had a tumultuous social and legal history. In the 6 years since assisted dying was decriminalized by the Canadian Parliament in June 2016, the introduction of this practice into the Canadian healthcare system has been fraught with ethical challenges, practical hurdles and grass-roots innovation. In 2021, MAiD accounted for approximately 3.3% of all Canadian deaths annually, and more patients are seeking MAiD year over year as this option becomes more widely (...)
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  39.  11
    Responsible Research and Innovation Actions in Science Education, Gender and Ethics: Cases and Experiences.Fernando Ferri, Ned Dwyer, Saša Raicevich, Patrizia Grifoni, Husne Altiok, Hans Thor Andersen, Yiannis Laouris & Cecilia Silvestri (eds.) - 2018 - Cham: Springer Verlag.
    This book gathers case studies presented at the International Conference on Responsible Research and Innovation in Science, Innovation and Society. It highlights European initiatives and projects in various domains and contexts, each of which explores how to create guidelines and good practices for Responsible Research and Innovation and how to promote them among citizens, industry stakeholders, policy and decision makers, research funders and educational institutions to foster their adoption as a potential benchmark in establishing RRI processes. Further, the book discusses (...)
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  40.  4
    Ethical ripples of creativity and innovation.Seana Moran - 2016 - New York, NY: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Creativity plus ethics anticipated a greater common good -- Gadget controllers -- Body shapers -- Emotion tuners -- Self definers -- Social connectors.
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  41.  4
    Bioethik und Behinderung.Markus Dederich (ed.) - 2003 - Bad Heilbrunn/Obb.: Julius Klinkhardt.
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  42.  20
    Research on human subjects: ethics, law, and social policy.David N. Weisstub (ed.) - 1998 - Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.
    There have been serious controversies in the latter part of the 20th century about the roles and functions of scientific and medical research. In whose interests are medical and biomedical experiments conducted and what are the ethical implications of experimentation on subjects unable to give competent consent? From the decades following the Second World War and calls for the global banning of medical research to the cautious return to the notion that in controlled circumstances, medical (...)
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  43.  14
    Ethical aspects of Dhaka University Tele-medicine System.Ahmed Raihan Abir & Shamima Parvin Lasker - 2016 - Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 6 (3):30-36.
    To provide basic health care services in rural areas is one of the major challenges for developing countries like Bangladesh because of lack of infrastructures and unavailability of qualified medical doctors in the villages. Telemedicine viewed as a new way of offering health care services that has the potential to overcome this problem. Author is a member of extended group at Dhaka University (DU) which has been developing telemedicine equipment and data acquisition software to promote telemedicine practice in Bangladesh. (...)
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  44.  16
    Innovative Care in Latin America: Definition, Justification and Ethical Principles.Ignacio Mastroleo & Felicitas Holzer - 2019 - In Eduardo Rivera-López & Martin Hevia (eds.), Controversies in Latin American Bioethics. Cham: Springer Verlag. pp. 145-176.
    The term “innovation” or “innovative care” has recently gained attention in the context of the use of novel and not yet fully validated medical interventions and technologies. Most notably, there have been various incidences of medical activities insufficiently validated for its regular use in healthcare that fall into this category, such as stem cell treatments, genome sequencing for diagnostic purposes, or novel reproductive technologies. Latin American countries are among the places where new and non-validated medical activities take (...)
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  45.  3
    Medical information systems ethics.Jérôme Béranger - 2015 - Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
    The exponential digitization of medical data has led to a transformation of the practice of medicine. This change notably raises a new complexity of issues surrounding health IT. The proper use of these communication tools, such as telemedicine, e-health, m-health the big medical data, should improve the quality of monitoring and care of patients for an information system to "human face". Faced with these challenges, the author analyses in an ethical angle the patient-physician relationship, sharing, transmission and (...)
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  46.  16
    The “Medical friendship” or the true meaning of the doctor-patient relationship from two complementary perspectives: Goya and Laín.Roger Ruiz-Moral - 2022 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 25 (1):111-117.
    This essay aims to broaden the understanding of the nature of the physician–patient relationship. To do so, the concept of medical philia that Pedro Laín Entralgo proposes is analysed and is considered taking into consideration the relational trait of the human being and the structure of human action as a story of the permanent tension that exists between freedom and truth, where the ontological foundation of the hermeneutic of the "Gift" and the analogy of “Love” as the central dynamic (...)
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  47.  35
    Psychosocial ethical aspects of AIDS.Michael W. Ross - 1989 - Journal of Medical Ethics 15 (2):74-81.
    The psychosocial morbidity associated with HIV infection and responses to such infection may exceed morbidity associated with medical sequelae of such infection. This paper argues that negative judgements on those with HIV infection or in groups associated with such infection will cause avoidable psychological and social distress. Moral judgements made regarding HIV infection may also harm the common good by promoting conditions which may increase the spread of HIV infection. This paper examines these two lines of argument with (...)
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  48.  30
    Evaluating the science and ethics of research on humans: a guide for IRB members.Dennis John Mazur - 2007 - Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
    Biomedical research on humans is an important part of medical progress. But, when lives are at risk, safety and ethical practices need to be the top priority. The need for the committees that regulate and oversee such research -- institutional review boards, or IRBs -- is growing. IRB members face difficult decisions every day. Evaluating the Science and Ethics of Research on Humans is a guide for new and veteran members of IRBs that will help them better understand (...)
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  49.  6
    Das menschliche Mass: Orientierungsversuche im biotechnologischen Zeitalter.Bernd Weidmann & Thomas von Woedtke (eds.) - 2018 - Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt.
    How long new biomedical technologies are welcome paths for treatment of diseases or reduction of sufferings and where does the aspiration of human enhancement start? Are there basic criteria and standards for a demarcation or has this question to be answered pragmatically, based on a deliberated experience, open for the respective situation? In any case, a common understanding about boundary lines between elemental self-development and forced self-optimization is essential. The volume contains contributions to this burning issue given and debated during (...)
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  50.  6
    Serendipity, Luck and Collective Responsibility in Medical Innovation—The History of Vaccination.Martin Sand & Luca Chiapperino - 2023 - In Samantha Copeland, Wendy Ross & Martin Sand (eds.), Serendipity Science: An Emerging Field and its Methods. Springer Verlag. pp. 2147483647-2147483647.
    Martin Sand and Luca Chiapperino find in the concept of serendipity a versatile umbrella term to reassess their previous work on moral luckLuck (also, Epistemic Luck, Moral Luck) and collectiveCollectiveresponsibilityResponsibility. Moral luck supposedly occurs when someone receives praise or blame for things beyond control. Given the ubiquity of luckLuck (also, Epistemic Luck, Moral Luck), this seems to be a seriously disquieting aspect of ordinary morality. The rewards and recognition for serendipitous discoveries fall into exactly this category. (...)
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