Erudition as a cultist topic and style, recreated in countless traditional sources, helps Colombian writer R. H. Moreno-Durán to establish a delicate equilibrium between the parodic forms of linguistics research and the recreational contents that reflect the thinking conscience of men and the dialogic sphere of their existence. All these elements are present in his novel, El toque de Diana (Diana’s touch) and are conjugated to the theoretical contribution of Mijail Bajtín, and they make it possible to explain the exploration (...) of a fictional legacy that depends on the willful language of its characters to metaphorize the unfinished and multifaceted character of a violent society, in continuous crisis, such as the Colombian society. (shrink)

En este artículo se cuestiona si el arte, y el objeto estético en general (lo bello) puede ser pensado desde la perspectiva de la nueva corriente filosófica del realismo especulativo. El asunto es enfocado bajo una doble perspectiva: lo que sería una concepción ontológica de lo estética y lo que sería una concepción estética de la ontología. Sólo bajo este doble enfoque es posible responder al desafío que lo estético plantea al pensamiento ontológico en general.

The article explains and advocates in favor of Quentin Meillassoux’s proposal of “irreligious philosophy” or “philosophical irreligion”, that is, of a third position between religion and atheism that defends the conception of a nonexistent God and a God to come, as well as an ethical-philosophical recovery of the notions of hope, immortality, justice, and divinity. With references to different thinkers in the history of philosophy, we seek to frame the meaning and value of Meillassoux’s conception. After a brief exposition of (...) his philosophy, the critical-philosophical recovery of basic religious concepts is carried out in successive sections, to conclude with a brief exposition of Meillassoux’s refutation of “nihilism”, an important philosophical task like none in our time. (shrink)

Objective: Deep brain stimulation targeted to the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus is effective for motor symptoms in essential tremor, but there is limited data on cognitive outcomes. We examined cognitive outcomes in a large cohort of ET DBS patients.Methods: In a retrospective analysis, we used repeated-measures ANOVA testing to examine whether the age of tremor onset, age at DBS surgery, hemisphere side implanted with lead, unilateral vs. bilateral implantations, and presence of surgical complications influenced the cognitive outcomes. Neuropsychological (...) outcomes of interest were verbal memory, executive functioning, working memory, language functioning, visuospatial functioning, and general cognitive function.Results: We identified 50 ET DBS patients; 29 males; the mean age of tremor onset was 35.84 years with a median age of 38 years. The mean age at DBS was 68.18 years. There were 37 unilateral 30 left, seven right, and 13 bilateral brain implantations. In the subgroup analysis, there was a significant interaction between assessment and age of tremor onset ; F = 4.47; p = 0.043 for working memory. The post hoc testing found improvements for younger onset ET. Similarly, there was a significant interaction between assessment and complications vs. no complications subgroups; F = 4.34; p = 0.043 for verbal memory with worsening scores seen for ET patients with complications. The remaining tests were not significant.Conclusion: In this large cohort of ET patients with, DBS was not accompanied by a significant decline in many cognitive domains. These outcomes were possibly related to the selection of patients with normal cognitive functioning before surgery, unilateral DBS implantations for the majority, and selection of patients with optimal response to DBS. (shrink)

Victory is the ultimate aim in high performance sports; when it comes to team sports, the goal is the key that allows players to achieve that victory. This is the case with futsal which, due to its internal structure as well as the speed in the development of its game, makes the achievement of a goal not an isolated event, but rather more than one goal must be scored to achieve victory. The aim of the present study is to analyze (...) the construction of offensive sequences that have resulted in goal-scoring in the two main European futsal leagues, the Spanish and the Italian, as well as to identify the patterns relating to offensive actions that have ended with a goal being scored. Observational methodology was used to develop the research and an ad hoc observation instrument was developed for this purpose. The data was analyzed using inferential statistics as well as sequential analysis of delays in a diachronic analysis to identify the patterns of offensive actions. The results obtained enable recognition of a league’s idiosyncrasy patterns in goal-scoring in each of the leagues studied. The results obtained will allow experts to have a better understanding of how goals are scored and how to establish more specific training tasks, in both attack and defense. (shrink)

This study aimed to determine the predictive character of organizational socialization and occupational positive mental health on organizational commitment in higher education teachers. A sample of 279 teachers from higher education institutions who signed an informed consent form was used. Fifty-four point five percent of the participants were women, with a mean age of 44.05 years. The participants completed the Organizational Socialization Inventory, the Positive Occupational Mental Health Questionnaire and the Organizational Commitment Scale, and for data analysis descriptive statistics, correlation (...) analysis and multiple linear regression with stepwise method were applied, entering each dimension of organizational commitment separately as a dependent variable. As a result, moderate to weak correlations were identified between the study variables, and it was found that the final models indicate that the future perspectives and socio-affective dimensions predict affective commitment by 38%; that future perspectives, spirituality and age predict normative commitment by 22.8%; and that the future perspectives dimension predicts commitment of continuity by 9.2%. It is concluded that teachers’ expectations about their development in the institution, as well as their interactions at the socio-affective and spiritual level with the work context, are factors that partially influence their attachment to the educational organization. (shrink)

En este artículo exponemos una comparación, observando diferencias y coincidencias, entre las filosofías de Maurice Merleau-Ponty y Jean-Luc Nancy, centrados en sus concepciones sobre el cuerpo, como vía regia, en ambos, para el arribo a una ontología de la existencia en su sentido más amplio. Finalmente, evaluamos sus propuestas desde la perspectiva del reciente movimiento filosófico del nuevo realismo observando en qué aspectos Merleau-Ponty y Nancy preparan este movimiento y en qué aspectos sus filosofías necesitan ser corregidas o redefinidas. In (...) this paper we expose a comparison, regarding differences and coincidences, between the philosophies of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Jean-Luc Nancy, focusing in their conceptions of the body, as a central way, in both of them, for an arrival to ontology of existence in the broadest sense. Finally, we evaluate their promises since the perspective of the recent philosophical movement of the new realism observing in which aspects Merleau-Ponty and Nan-cy are preparing this movement and in which aspects their philosophies need to be corrected or redefined. (shrink)

Resumen Este artículo plantea la tesis de que la filosofía fenomenológica de la percepción de Merleau-Ponty, en la medida en que es crítica tanto del empirismo como del idealismo, apunta hacia una forma de realismo. Para argumentar en favor de esta idea y mostrar la vigencia del pensador francés, se contrastan los planteamientos de éste con posturas del “realismo especulativo” de Meillassoux, del “nuevo realismo” de Gabriel y del “realismo plural” de Taylor y Dreyfus. Se propone el concepto de “realismo (...) ontológico” para apuntalar la postura de Merleau-Ponty y a los planteamientos de este ensayo.This essay claims that the thesis of Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception, insofar that it criticizes both empirism and idealism, points towards a form of realism. To argue this, and to show the validity of the work of the French thinker, I contrast his thoughts with the approaches of “speculative realism” of Meillassoux, of the “new realism” of Gabriel and of “plural realism” of Taylor and Dreyfus. I propose the concept of “ontological realism” in order to support the posture of Merleau-Ponty and the arguments of this essay. (shrink)

En este artículo se presenta una exposición sistemática del concepto de ideología que Luis Villoro construye a lo largo de su trayectoria filosófica, como base para plantear la crítica de las ideologías y la crítica de la forma-ideología en tanto tarea práctico-social del pensamiento filosófico, en ..

This text is based on a reflection on the context and meaning of Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s visit to Mexico in February-March 1949 and the lectures he gave at the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). I rely on the information, analysis and notes of Merleau-Ponty that Michel Dalissier offers us in his book Inédits I-II. I devote myself particularly to commenting on the cultural experience that this trip represented for Merleau-Ponty – his relationship with (...) the Mexican philosophy of the Hiperión group – as well as his conception of culture and the relationship between cultures that he exhibits at the time and in the general construction of his own work and philosophy. I support the thesis that the question of a plurality of cultures and interculturality can only be thought in a rigorous way – without falling into cultural relativism or an abstract universalism – through a phenomenological-existential reformulation of the « universal, » as Merleau-Ponty outlines it in the Mexico Conferences. (shrink)

En este ensayo analizamos el pensamiento político de Maurice Merleau-Ponty en el contexto de su obra filosófica y de lo que llamamos el �giro político� de la filosofía del siglo XX, que entendemos como el giro desde la Filosofía política a la manera clásica (normativa, prescriptiva, ideológica) hacia una �filosofía de lo político�, entendida más bien como una fenomenología de lo político, es decir, una descripción del �fenómeno político� en su realidad contingente. Además de exponer la manera como Merleau-Ponty desarrolla (...) su visión de �lo político�, tratamos de mostrar las convergencias de sus planteamientos con los de otros pensadores del siglo XX (Schmitt, Rancière, Nancy, Esposito, Castoriadis), apuntando hacia una nueva compresión, no jerárquica ni unidireccional de las relaciones entre filosofía y política. (shrink)

We thus propose to criticize the subjective-anthropological conception of beauty and to define the meaning of an ontological conception of the beautiful while at the same time inquiring into an aesthetic conception of ontology from the standpoint of speculative realism. We discuss first the general character of Kantian aesthetics, considered as the founding moment of modern aesthetic subjectivism. The first section reviews Gadamer’s criticisms of Kantianism before exposing, in the second section, the reinterpretation made by some neorealist thinkers (Shaviro, Harman) (...) of the Kantian conception of art and beauty and, more generally, of the meaning of aesthetics at large. Through this line of inquiry the third section exposes an aesthetic interpretation of the ‘principle of unreason’ introduced by Quentin Meillassoux. By way of conclusion, the fourth section examines the philosophical meaning of art and the general aims of an ontological aesthetic. (shrink)

Resumen: Este texto consiste básicamente en una presentación general de la corriente filosófica del nuevo realismo surgida en 2007 y en la que participan autores europeos y norteamericanos. Un punto en común de las diversas posiciones dentro de esta corriente es el deslinde crítico frente a la filosofía posmoderna y a la filosofía moderna en general. Explico esta crítica y sus implicaciones para la posibilidad de un restablecimiento en la filosofía contemporánea del pensamiento metafísico.: This text is basically an overview (...) of philosophical new realism which emerged in 2007 and involves European and American authors. A common point to the various positions within this current is a critical detachment from postmodern philosophy and modern philosophy in general. i explain this criticism and its implications for the possibility of a restoration in contemporary philosophy of metaphysical thought. (shrink)

Resumen: El tema del Otro aparece en la reflexión del filósofo mexicano Luis Villoro ligado de forma concreta a la alteridad indígena, es decir, al ser un “otro sujeto” y un “sujeto otro” del indígena mexicano, a su ser igual que nosotros y, sin embargo, diferente, distinto, en función de su propia perspectiva histórico-cultural. Enmarcamos esta exposición en la filosofía general de Villoro y en las problemáticas tanto teórico-filosóficas como prácticas y ético-políticas del mundo contemporáneo.: In the thought of the (...) Mexican philosopher Luis Villoro, the issue of the Other appears closely related to the indigenous alterity; that is, to the being “another subject” and a “different subject” of the Mexican indigenous people, to his being equal to us and, nonetheless, different, distinct, in function of his own historical-cultural perspective. We frame this exposition in the general philosophy of Villoro and in the theoretical-philosophical as well as the practical and ethical-political problems of the contemporary world. (shrink)

A partir del pensamiento del filósofo francés Maurice Merleau-Ponty ofrezco aquí una descripción de lo que llamo “sensación virtual” e “imaginación sensorial” para caracterizar ciertas capacidades de nuestra experiencia corporal que permiten superar la oposición entre percepción e imaginación, y hacen posible la experiencia estética, el arte, la cultura, y la vida humana y el pensamiento en general.From the thought of the French phi-losopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty I offer here a description of what I call “virtual sensation” and “sensory imagination” to (...) characterize certain capacities of our bodily experience, which allow us to overcome the opposition between perception and imagination, and make possible the aesthetic experience, art, culture, and human life and thinking in general. (shrink)

En este trabajo realizo un examen crítico del reciente libro de Silvana Gabriela Di Camillo sobre la crítica de Aristóteles a la teoría platónica de las Ideas. El libro de Di Camillo es un trabajo muy serio cuya lectura recomiendo ampliamente. Sin embargo, considero que cuatro de las principales tesis que la autora defiende tienen varias dificultades y mi objetivo aquí es presentar argumentos detallados en contra de ellas: la interpretación de la distinción entre argumentos más y menos rigurosos del (...) tratado Sobre las Ideas; la tesis de que la separación es el blanco esencial de las críticas aristotélicas a las Ideas; la interpretación de las opciones que Platón tiene para responder al argumento del tercer hombre, y la tesis de que la separación de las Ideas debe entenderse como homonimia. In this paper I examine Silvana Gabriela Di Camillo's recent book on Aristotle's criticisms of Plato's theory of Ideas. Di Camillo's book is a very serious work that I highly recommend. Nevertheless, I consider that four of the main theses that the author defends face several difficulties and my aim here is to offer detailed arguments against them: the interpretation of the distinction between more and less accurate arguments of the treatise On Ideas; the thesis that separation is the essential target of Aristotle's criticisms against Plato's Ideas; the interpretation of the options available to Plato to reply to the third man argument; and the thesis that the separation of Ideas should be understood as homonymy. (shrink)

En este ensayo planteo la posibilidad de una renovación de la antropología filosófica desde la perspectiva ontológica del nuevo realismo, particularmente desde las teorías filosóficas de Markus Gabriel y Quentin Meillassoux. Previamente expongo la discusión sobre la antropología filosófica que se produjo en el siglo pasado, especialmente las disputas entre Ernst Cassirer y Martin Heidegger y entre Heidegger y Jean-Paul Sartre. Doy cuenta también de las líneas principales de la corriente filosófica del “nuevo realismo”. Concluyo con la propuesta de una (...) redefinición ontológica de ser humano, apuntando a la idea de un nuevo humanismo. (shrink)

Resumen En este ensayo ofrezco una comparación entre la filosofía del pensador marxista alemán Ernst Bloch y la del pensador francés Quentin Meillassoux a propósito del hecho de que ambos plantean una fundamentación ontológica de la esperanza y de una política de la esperanza. En el primer apartado, presento el concepto religioso de esperanza que critican los filósofos mencionados; en el segundo, abordo la concepción dialéctico-materialista de Bloch; en el tercer apartado, expongo la concepción de Meillassoux, que interpreto como una (...) radicalización crítica de una filosofía inmanente y materialista de la esperanza. A lo largo del ensayo y en la breve conclusión, muestro las semejanzas y diferencias entre las concepciones de ambos pensadores y apuesto por la superioridad, por su mayor consistencia teórica, de la perspectiva de Meillassoux.In this essay I offer a comparison between the philosophy of the German Marxist thinker Ernst Bloch and that of the French thinker Quentin Meillassoux apropos of the fact that both put forward an ontological foundation of hope and a politics of hope. In the first section I present the religious concept -criticized by Bloch and Meillassoux- of hope; in the second I explore the dialectical-materialist conception of Bloch, and in the third section I present the conception of Meillassoux, which I interpret as a critical radicalization of an immanent and materialist philosophy of hope. Throughout the essay and in the brief conclusion I show the similarities and differences between the conceptions of both thinkers and, due to its greater theoretical consistency, favor the perspective of Meillassoux. (shrink)

Sostenemos aquí que la aproximación inicial de Luis Villoro a la filosofía existencialista marcó de alguna manera su trayectoria posterior y lo esencial de su perspectiva filosófica. Ciertamente, como señalaremos, Villoro buscó, por una parte, adaptar el existencialismo a la realidad mexicana y, por otra, contrastar (a lo largo de su vida) su visión inicial con las más diversas problemáticas y posturas filosóficas (fenomenología, filosofía analítica, marxismo) para arribar a lo que podemos llamar una filosofía existencial racionalmente justificada y comunitariamente (...) realizada. (shrink)