Results for 'Halvor Naess'

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  1. Instructionism is impossible due to the second law of thermodynamics.Halvor Naess - 2003 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 24 (1):57-66.
    Spiders’ nests, birds’ wings, airplanes, and scientific theories are all instances of adaptations. Instructionist theories implies that adaptive novelties are imposed directly on an entity by the environment while selectionist theories explains adaptive novelties to be the product of mechanisms including trial and error . This article argues that adaptive novelties are the result of selectionist mechanisms while instructionist production of adaptive novelties is impossible due to the second law of thermodynamics. Even long-term preservation of adaptive information is dependent on (...)
     
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  2.  11
    God Naturalized: Epistemological Reflections on Theistic Belief in Light of the New Science of Religion.Halvor Kvandal - 2021 - Springer Verlag.
    This volume argues that theistic philosophy should be seen not as an “armchair” enterprise but rather as a critical endeavor to bring philosophy of religion into close contact with emerging sciences of religion. This text engages with the rationality of religious belief by investigating central problems and arguments in philosophy of religion from the perspective of new naturalistic research. A central question the book analyzes is whether findings in cognitive science of religion falsify or undermine religious ideas and beliefs. With (...)
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  3.  17
    The importance of knowing how to talk about illness without applying the concept of illness.Halvor Nordby - 2004 - Nursing Philosophy 5 (1):30-40.
    The paper explores consequences of applying the view that illness is negative first‐person experience in caring practice. The main reason this is an important issue is that it is empirically documented that patients conceive of illness in different ways. Communicating about illness in caring practice can therefore involve difficulties. I argue that many of these difficulties can be avoided if nurses focus directly on the extension of the concept of illness – patients’ experiences like the state of being in pain (...)
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  4.  7
    Hypothesis: where the depleted plasma amino acids go in phenylketonuria, and why.Halvor N. Christensen - 1987 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 30 (2):186.
  5.  25
    The god-faculty dilemma:challenges for reformed epistemology in the light of cognitive science.Halvor Kvandal - 2020 - International Journal of Philosophy and Theology 81 (4):404-422.
    Reformed epistemology involves a view of knowledge of God which Kelly James Clark and Justin Barrett have brought cognitive science to bear on. They argue that the cognitive science of religio...
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  6.  32
    Doctor–patient-interaction is non-holistic.Halvor Nordby - 2003 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 6 (2):145-152.
    In recent philosophy of mind a non-holistic view on concept possession, originally developed by Tyler Burge, has emerged as an alternative to holistic analyses of language mastery. The article discusses the implications of this view for analyses of communication in doctor—patient-interaction. The central question Burge's theory gives an answer to is this: to what extent must a doctor and a patient understand a medical term in the same way in order to communicate in the sense that they express the same (...)
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  7.  26
    Meaning and normativity in nurse–patient interaction.Halvor Nordby - 2007 - Nursing Philosophy 8 (1):16-27.
    It is a fundamental assumption in nursing theory that it is important for nurses to understand how patients think about themselves and the contexts they are in. According to modern theories of hermeneutics, a nurse and a patient must share the same concepts in order to communicate beliefs with the same content. But nurses and patients seldom understand medical concepts in exactly the same way, so how can this communicative aim be achieved in interaction involving medical concepts? The article uses (...)
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  8.  11
    Meaning and normativity in nurse–patient interaction.Halvor Nordby phd - 2007 - Nursing Philosophy 8 (1):16–27.
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  9.  9
    The importance of knowing how to talk about illness without applying the concept of illness.Halvor Nordby PhD - 2004 - Nursing Philosophy 5 (1):30–40.
  10.  2
    Asian Traditions of Meditation.Halvor Eifring (ed.) - 2016 - University of Hawaii Press.
    Meditation has flourished in different parts of the world ever since the foundations of the great civilizations were laid. It played a vital role in the formation of Asian cultures that trace much of their heritage to ancient India and China. This volume brings together for the first time studies of the major traditions of Asian meditation as well as material on scientific approaches to meditation. It delves deeply into the individual traditions while viewing each of them from a global (...)
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  11.  3
    Asian Traditions of Meditation.Halvor Eifring (ed.) - 2016 - University of Hawaii Press.
    Meditation has flourished in different parts of the world ever since the foundations of the great civilizations were laid. It played a vital role in the formation of Asian cultures that trace much of their heritage to ancient India and China. This volume brings together for the first time studies of the major traditions of Asian meditation as well as material on scientific approaches to meditation. It delves deeply into the individual traditions while viewing each of them from a global (...)
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  12.  6
    Disabled adolescence – spaces, places and plans for the future: A case study.Halvor Hanisch - 2011 - Alter - European Journal of Disability Research / Revue Européenne de Recherche Sur le Handicap 5 (2):93-103.
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  13.  17
    Spontaneous thought and early Chinese ideas of ‘non-action’ and ‘emotion’.Halvor Eifring - 2019 - Asian Philosophy 29 (3):177-200.
    ABSTRACTThe early Chinese idea of non-action refers not to spontaneity, as has been argued, but to a relation between agency and spontaneity. Non-action needs to be seen in connection with the idea...
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  14.  19
    Why the debunking threat won’t go away.Halvor Kvandal - 2023 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 94 (3):299-316.
    A central claim often made to debunk religious beliefs is that they would be formed regardless of whether they are true or false. One way to support this claim is to apply findings from the cognitive science of religion. However, this use of science in an argument against religious beliefs has been strongly criticized. This article is about weaknesses in that criticism. I consider two arguments. Firstly, the critic of debunking can argue that the debunker makes empirically dubious claims about (...)
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  15. A Defence of the Deep Ecology Movement.Arne Naess - 1984 - Environmental Ethics 6 (3):265-270.
    There is an international deep ecology social movement with key terms, slogans, and rhetorical use of language comparable to what we find in other activist “alternative” movements today. Some supporters of the movement partake in academic philosophy and have developed or at least suggested philosophies, “ecosophies,” inspired by the movement. R. A. Watson does not distinguish sufficiently between the movement and the philosophical expressions with academic pretensions. As a result, he falsely concludes that deep ecology implies setting man apart from (...)
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  16.  87
    Patient autonomy in emergency medicine.Anne-Cathrine Naess, Reidun Foerde & Petter Andreas Steen - 2001 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 4 (1):71-77.
    Theoretical models for patient-physician communication in clinical practice are frequently described in the literature. Respecting patient autonomy is an ethical problem the physician faces in a medical emergency situation. No theoretical physician-patient model seems to be ideal for solving the communication problem in clinical practice. Theoretical models can at best give guidance to behavior and judgement in emergency situations. In this article the premises of autonomous treatment decisions are discussed. Based on a case-report we discuss different genuine efforts the physician (...)
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  17.  32
    Teachers’ Identity, Self and the Process of Learning.Halvor Hoveid & Marit Honerød Hoveid - 2008 - Studies in Philosophy and Education 27 (2):125-136.
    In this paper we try, by drawing on some insights from practical knowledge, to bridge a gap between common conceptions of teaching on the one hand, and of learning on the other. In Western traditions of educational thought and discourse, practical knowledge—i.e. the dynamics of thinking, speaking, acting, and personal writing—is frequently separated from disciplinary knowledge: i.e. the knowledge of academic disciplines. But this separation often fails to recognize an inherent dialectic in teaching and learning. Through fresh explorations of human (...)
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  18.  25
    The place of reading in the training of teachers.Halvor Hoveid & Marit Honerød Hoveid - 2013 - Ethics and Education 8 (1):101 - 112.
    Why focus on reading? Reading is one important human activity that is threatened by the knowledge economy in education. In this perspective, good reading tends to be fast reading. The objective for teachers is then to test pupils' reading skills according to how fast they read. In opposition to this, we think that good reading is a slow activity. A good text asks for a reading and a re-reading, again and again, because reading gives rise to thinking. Thus, you can (...)
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  19. The shallow and the deep, long-range ecology movement. A summary.Arne Naess - 1973 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 16 (1-4):95 – 100.
    Ecologically responsible policies are concerned only in part with pollution and resource depletion. There are deeper concerns which touch upon principles of diversity, complexity, autonomy, decentralization, symbiosis, egalitarianism, and classlessness.
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  20.  11
    The analytic–synthetic distinction and conceptual analyses of basic health concepts.Halvor Nordby - 2006 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 9 (2):169-180.
    Within philosophy of medicine it has been a widespread view that there are important theoretical and practical reasons for clarifying the nature of basic health concepts like disease, illness and sickness. Many theorists have attempted to give definitions that can function as general standards, but as more and more definitions have been rejected as inadequate, pessimism about the possibility of formulating plausible definitions has become increasingly widespread. However, the belief that no definitions will succeed since no definitions have succeeded is (...)
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  21.  14
    Who Are the Rightful Owners of the Concepts Disease, Illness and Sickness? A Pluralistic Analysis of Basic Health Concepts.Halvor Nordby - 2019 - Open Journal of Philosophy 9 (4):470-492.
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  22.  5
    The Global Ethics of Emotions – What Ancient Chinese Philosophies Can Teach Us.Halvor Eifring - 2017 - Diogenes 64 (1-2):29-33.
    This article explores what ancient Chinese philosophies can teach us about understanding emotions and relating to them. It posits that emotions are fundamental and connected to everything in the universe, that much of their value lies in their sincerity, that they need to be cultivated to avoid excess and imbalance, and that, like everything else, they are permeated by a cosmic force that is at once transcendent and immanent.
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  23.  7
    The Global Ethics of Emotions – What Ancient Chinese Philosophies Can Teach Us.Halvor Eifring - 2017 - Diogenes 64 (1-2):29-33.
    This article explores what ancient Chinese philosophies can teach us about understanding emotions and relating to them. It posits that emotions are fundamental and connected to everything in the universe, that much of their value lies in their sincerity, that they need to be cultivated to avoid excess and imbalance, and that, like everything else, they are permeated by a cosmic force that is at once transcendent and immanent.
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  24.  71
    The shallow and the deep, long-range ecology movement. A summary.Arne Naess - 1973 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 16:95-100.
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  25.  22
    Communication and argument.Arne Naess - 1966 - [Totowa, N.J.]: Bedminster Press.
  26. Incorrect understanding and concept possession.Halvor Nordby - 2004 - Philosophical Explorations 7 (1):55-70.
    Tyler Burge has argued that an incorrect understanding of a word can be sufficient for possessing the concept the word literally expresses. His well-known 'arthritis' case involves a patient who understands 'arthritis' incorrectly, but who nevertheless, according to Burge, possesses the concept arthritis. Critics of Burge have objected that there is an alternative concept that best matches the patient's understanding and that this, therefore, is the patient's concept. The paper first argues that Burge's response to this objection is unconvincing. A (...)
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  27. Medical explanations and lay conceptions of disease and illness in doctor–patient interaction.Halvor Nordby - 2008 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 29 (6):357-370.
    Hilary Putnam’s influential analysis of the ‘division of linguistic labour’ has a striking application in the area of doctor–patient interaction: patients typically think of themselves as consumers of technical medical terms in the sense that they normally defer to health professionals’ explanations of meaning. It is at the same time well documented that patients tend to think they are entitled to understand lay health terms like ‘sickness’ and ‘illness’ in ways that do not necessarily correspond to health professionals’ understanding. Drawing (...)
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  28.  93
    Should paramedics ever accept patients' refusal of treatment or further assessment?Halvor Nordby - 2013 - BMC Medical Ethics 14 (1):1-5.
    BackgroundThis case report discusses an ethical communication dilemma in prehospital patient interaction, involving a patient who was about to board a plane at a busy airport. The article argues that the situation raised dilemmas about communication, patient autonomy and paternalism. Paramedics should be able to find good solutions to these dilemmas, but they have not received much attention in the literature on prehospital ambulance work.Case presentationThe patient had chest pains that were consistent with serious heart disease, but she wanted to (...)
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  29.  11
    Communication and argument.Arne Naess - 1966 - [Totowa, N.J.]: Bedminster Press.
  30.  29
    Freedom and Disability Rights: Dependence, Independence, and Interdependence.Inga Bostad & Halvor Hanisch - 2016 - Metaphilosophy 47 (3):371-384.
    The increasing focus on disability rights—as found, for instance, in the U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities —challenges philosophical imaginaries. This article broadens the philosophical imaginary of freedom by exploring the relation of dependence, independence, and interdependence in the lives of people with disabilities. It argues that traditional concepts of freedom are rather insensitive to difference within humanity, and that the lives of people with severe disabilities challenge philosophers to argue and conceptualize freedom not only as independence (...)
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  31.  44
    Definition and hypothesis in Plato'smeno(III).Arne Naess - 1964 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 7 (1-4):231-234.
  32. Den kosmopolitiske staten.Halvor Finess Tretvoll - 2007 - Agora Journal for metafysisk spekulasjon 25 (4):253-264.
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  33. Interpretation and Preciseness.Arne Naess - 1953 - Synthese 9 (6):413-416.
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  34. The Deep Ecological Movement.Arne Naess - 1986 - Philosophical Inquiry 8 (1-2):10-31.
  35.  13
    Social simulation theory: a framework to explain nurses' understanding of patients' experiences of ill‐health.Halvor Nordby - 2016 - Nursing Inquiry 23 (3):232-243.
    A fundamental aim in caring practice is to understand patients' experiences of ill‐health. These experiences have a qualitative content and cannot, unlike thoughts and beliefs with conceptual content, directly be expressed in words. Nurses therefore face a variety of interpretive challenges when they aim to understand patients' subjective perspectives on disease and illness. The article argues that theories on social simulation can shed light on how nurses manage to meet these challenges. The core assumption of social simulationism is that we (...)
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  36.  48
    The Vienna Circle and Logical Empiricism: Re-evaluation and Future Perspectives.Friedrich Stadler, Arne Naess, Paolo Parrini, Anita Von Duhn, David Jalal Hyder & Hubert Schleichert - 2003 - Springer Verlag. Edited by Friedrich Stadler.
    This work is for scholars, researchers and students in history and philosophy of science focusing on Logical Empiricism and analytic philosophy (of science). It provides historical and systematic research and deals with the influence and impact of the Vienna Circle/Logical Empiricism on today's philosophy of science. It also explores the intellectual context of this scientific philosophy and focuses on main figures and peripheral adherents.
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  37. Communication and Argument. Elements of Applied Semantics.Arne Naess - 1967 - Synthese 17 (1):344-345.
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  38.  16
    Man Apart and Deep Ecology: A Reply to Reed.Arne Naess - 1990 - Environmental Ethics 12 (2):185-192.
    Peter Reed has defended the basis for an environmental ethic based upon feelings of awe for nature together with an existentialist absolute gulf between humans and nature. In so doing, he has claimed that there are serious difficulties with Ecosophy T and the terms, Self-realization and identification with nature. I distinguish between discussions of ultimate norms and the penultimate deep ecology platform. I also clarify and defend a technical use of identification and attempt to show that awe and identification may (...)
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  39. Begrepsbeherskelse og oppfatningstilskrivelser.Halvor Nordby - 2005 - Norsk Filosofisk Tidsskrift 40 (2):116-123.
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  40.  15
    Contradictory Beliefs and Cognitive Access.Halvor Nordby - 2003 - SATS 4 (1):116-127.
  41.  98
    Davidson on social externalism.Halvor Nordby - 2005 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 86 (1):88-94.
    A central premise in Tyler Burge's argument for social externalism says that an incomplete understanding can be sufficient for concept possession. Burge claims that this premise is grounded in ordinary practices of giving psychological explanations. On the basis of an extended version of Burge's 'arthritis' case Donald Davidson has argued that this claim is false. The paper argues that Davidson's argument is unconvincing. A closer analysis of Davidson's extended 'arthritis' case shows that the belief ascriptions Davidson focuses on actually support (...)
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  42.  3
    Foundations of health care: ethical dilemmas and communicative challenges.Halvor Nordby - 2009 - [Oslo]: Unipub.
    This book is a collection of articles about communication and ethics in the field of medicine and health care. Common to all the articles is that they are not directly based on empirical investigations. The discussions refer to research, but this is research that has already been carried out and documented in existing literature. In this sense the articles belong to what is often called applied philosophy. All the articles address communicative and ethical challenges in patient interaction on the basis (...)
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  43.  21
    Mental Content Externalism and Social Understanding.Halvor Nordby - 2012 - Open Journal of Philosophy 2 (1):1-9.
    Tyler Burge has in many writings distinguished between mental content externalism based on incorrect understanding and mental content externalism based on partial but not incorrect understanding. Both and have far-reaching implications for analyses of communication and concept possession in various expert-layperson relations, but Burge and his critics have mainly focused on . This article first argues that escapes the most influential objection to . I then raise an objection against Burge’s argument for . The objection focuses on Burge’s claim that (...)
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  44.  12
    Management Communication in Leadership Relations: A Philosophical Model of Understanding and Contextual Agreement.Halvor Nordby - 2014 - Philosophy of Management 13 (2):75-100.
    It has been a fundamental assumption in management theory that communication is a key condition for successful management. This assumption has been linked to Habermas’ model of communicative rationality, but it is very difficult for managers to implement this model in real-life leadership relations. The reason is that practical obstacles, resource limitations and knowledge gaps make it impossible to achieve Habermas’ ideal aim of ‘shared horizons’. The article argues that it is possible for managers to meet fundamental communication conditions in (...)
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  45.  7
    Medical Explanations and Lay Conceptions of Disease and Illness in Doctor-Patient Interaction.Halvor Nordby - 2008 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics: Philosophy of Medical Research and Practice 29 (6):357-370.
    Hilary Putnam's influential analysis of the 'division of linguistic labour' has a striking application in the area of doctor-patient interaction: patients typically think of themselves as consumers of technical medical terms in the sense that they normally defer to health professionals' explanations of meaning. It is at the same time well documented that patients tend to think they are entitled to understand lay health terms like 'sickness' and 'illness' in ways that do not necessarily correspond to health professionals' understanding. Drawing (...)
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  46.  12
    Nurse–patient communication: language mastery and concept possession.Halvor Nordby - 2006 - Nursing Inquiry 13 (1):64-72.
    Influential holistic analyses of patient perspectives assume that the concepts that patients associate with medical terms are formed by their total social and cultural contexts. Holistic analyses presuppose conceptual role semantics in the sense that they imply that a medical term must have the same role for a nurse and a patient in order for them to associate the same concept with the term. In recent philosophy of mind, social externalism has emerged as a non‐holistic alternative to conceptual role theories. (...)
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  47. Skepticism and internalism.Halvor Nordby - 2009 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 39 (1):pp. 35-54.
    The skeptical Dream argument appeals to the possibility of dreaming. The skeptic holds that states of being awake are subjectively indistinguishable from possible dream states and that this means that we do not know that we are awake. This, the skeptic then claims, means that we have to accept that we do not have external world knowledge.It is natural to assume that there must be a connection between the Dream argument and epistemic internalism, the view that a belief is justified (...)
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  48.  13
    Skepticism and Internalism.Halvor Nordby - 2009 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 39 (1):35-54.
    The skeptical Dream argument appeals to the possibility of dreaming. The skeptic holds that states of being awake are subjectively indistinguishable from possible dream states and that this means that we do not know that we are awake. This, the skeptic then claims, means that we have to accept that we do not have external world knowledge.It is natural to assume that there must be a connection between the Dream argument and epistemic internalism, the view that a belief is justified (...)
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  49. The Deep Ecological Movement.Arne Naess - 1986 - Philosophical Inquiry 8 (1-2):10-31.
  50. A defence of the deep ecology movement.Arne Naess - 1984 - Environmental Ethics 6 (3):265-270.
    There is an international deep ecology social movement with key terms, slogans, and rhetorical use of language comparable to what we find in other activist “alternative” movements today. Some supporters of the movement partake in academic philosophy and have developed or at least suggested philosophies, “ecosophies,” inspired by the movement. R. A. Watson does not distinguish sufficiently between the movement and the philosophical expressions with academic pretensions. As a result, he falsely concludes that deep ecology implies setting man apart from (...)
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