Complex training is a combination training method that alternates between performing high-load resistance training and plyometric training within one single session. The study aimed to examine the effects of CT on lower-limb strength and power of elite female modern pentathlon athletes under the new modern pentathlon format and competition rules. Ten female participants of the national modern pentathlon team completed 8 weeks of RT as followed by 8 weeks of CT, with 2 weeks of break. Then, the participants conducted 8 (...) weeks of CT, which included RT combined with plyometric training. All stages of training were designed by the linear strength training period theories, requiring participants to train twice for the first 4 weeks and three times for the second 4 weeks. The one-repetition maximum of squat, isometric mid-thigh pull, counter-movement jump, squat jump, pre-stretch augmentation percentage, and reaction strength index were assessed before and after both RT and CT training. One-way repeated-measure ANOVA models revealed that the 1RM of squat was significantly improved after RT as compared to pre-RT. No significant improvement in IMTP, CMJ, SJ, PSAP, and RSI was not observed. After CT, 1RM of squat, IMTP, CMJ, SJ, RSI were significant improved as compared to pre-RT, post-RT and pre-CT, while significant improvements in PSAP were observed as compared to pre-RT and pre-CT, but not to post-RT. This pilot study showed the promise of CT following RT to improve lower-limb strength and power in elite female modern pentathlon athletes. The findings are worthwhile to be confirmed in future studies with larger sample size and randomized design. (shrink)

全书共介绍了马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林、毛泽东等哲学著作138部,对有关的名词、术语等4000个辞条均详加阐释。.

For a set x, let ${\cal S}\left$ be the set of all permutations of x. We prove in ZF several results concerning this notion, among which are the following: For all sets x such that ${\cal S}\left$ is Dedekind infinite, $\left| {{{\cal S}_{{\rm{fin}}}}\left} \right| < \left| {{\cal S}\left} \right|$ and there are no finite-to-one functions from ${\cal S}\left$ into ${{\cal S}_{{\rm{fin}}}}\left$, where ${{\cal S}_{{\rm{fin}}}}\left$ denotes the set of all permutations of x which move only finitely many elements. For all sets (...) x such that ${\cal S}\left$ is Dedekind infinite, $\left| {{\rm{seq}}\left} \right| < \left| {{\cal S}\left} \right|$ and there are no finite-to-one functions from ${\cal S}\left$ into seq, where seq denotes the set of all finite sequences of elements of x. For all infinite sets x such that there exists a permutation of x without fixed points, there are no finite-to-one functions from ${\cal S}\left$ into x. For all sets x, $|{[x]^2}| < \left| {{\cal S}\left} \right|$. (shrink)

For a set x, let S(x) be the set of all permutations of x. We prove by the method of permutation models that the following statements are consistent with ZF: (1) There is an infinite set x such that |p(x)|<|S(x)|<|seq^1-1(x)|<|seq(x)|, where p(x) is the powerset of x, seq(x) is the set of all finite sequences of elements of x, and seq^1-1(x) is the set of all finite sequences of elements of x without repetition. (2) There is a Dedekind infinite set (...) x such that |S(x)|<|[x]^3| and such that there exists a surjection from x onto S(x). (3) There is an infinite set x such that there is a finite-to-one function from S(x) into x. (shrink)

For a cardinal, we write for the cardinality of the set of permutations with finitely many non‐fixed points of a set which is of cardinality. We investigate the relationships between and for an arbitrary infinite cardinal in (without the axiom of choice). It is proved in that for all infinite cardinals, and we show that this is the best possible result.

It is proved in (without the axiom of choice) that for all infinite cardinals and all natural numbers, where is the cardinality of the set of permutations with exactly non‐fixed points of a set which is of cardinality.

ABSTRACTFilm clips are widely used in emotion research due to their relatively high ecological validity. Although researchers have established various film clip sets for different cultures, the few that exist related to Chinese culture do not adequately address positive emotions. The main purposes of the present study were to establish a standardised database of Chinese emotional film clips that could elicit more categories of reported positive emotions compared to the existing databases and to expand the available film clips that can (...) be used as neutral materials. Two experiments were conducted to construct the database. In experiment 1, 111 film clips were selected from more than one thousand Chinese movies for preliminary screening. After 315 participants viewed and evaluated these film clips, 39 excerpts were selected for further validation. In experiment 2, 147 participants watched and rated these 39 film clips, as well as another 8 excerpts chosen from the existing databases, to compare their validit... (shrink)

A partition is finitary if all its members are finite. For a set A, $\mathscr {B}(A)$ denotes the set of all finitary partitions of A. It is shown consistent with $\mathsf {ZF}$ (without the axiom of choice) that there exist an infinite set A and a surjection from A onto $\mathscr {B}(A)$. On the other hand, we prove in $\mathsf {ZF}$ some theorems concerning $\mathscr {B}(A)$ for infinite sets A, among which are the following: (1) If there is a finitary (...) partition of A without singleton blocks, then there are no surjections from A onto $\mathscr {B}(A)$ and no finite-to-one functions from $\mathscr {B}(A)$ to A. (2) For all $n\in \omega $, $|A^n|<|\mathscr {B}(A)|$. (3) $|\mathscr {B}(A)|\neq |\mathrm {seq}(A)|$, where $\mathrm {seq}(A)$ is the set of all finite sequences of elements of A. (shrink)

For a set M, let |M| denote the cardinality of M. A family F is called strongly almost disjoint if there is an n∈ω such that |A∩B|<n for any two distinct elements A, B of F. It is shown in ZF (without the axiom of choice) that, for all infinite sets M and all strongly almost disjoint families F⊆P(M), |F|<|P(M)| and there are no finite-to-one functions from P(M) into F, where P(M) denotes the power set of M.

It is proved in $\mathsf {ZF}$ (without the axiom of choice) that, for all infinite sets M, there are no surjections from $\omega \times M$ onto $\operatorname {\mathrm {\mathscr {P}}}(M)$.

"Co-publication agreement between China Social Sciences Press (China) and Paths International Ltd (UK)"--Colophon.

In this volume, leading scholars in Asian and comparative philosophy take the work of Joel J. Kupperman as a point of departure to consider new perspectives on Confucian ethics. Kupperman is one of the few eminent Western philosophers to have integrated Asian philosophical traditions into his thought, developing a character-based ethics synthesizing Western, Chinese, and Indian philosophies. With their focus on Confucian ethics, contributors respond, expand, and engage in critical dialogue with Kupperman’s views. Kupperman joins the conversation with responses and (...) comments that conclude the volume. (shrink)

本书以美国的价值哲学理论为依据,就其理论核心“价值本质论”,分析其价值本质的特色,揭示其本质论的根本缺陷等问题。.

The factorial of a cardinal, denoted by, is the cardinality of the set of all permutations of a set which is of cardinality. We give a condition that makes the cardinal equality provable without the axiom of choice. In fact, we prove in that, for all cardinals, if and there is a permutation without fixed points on a set which is of cardinality, then.

The factorial of a cardinal, denoted by, is the cardinality of the set of all permutations of a set which is of cardinality. We give a condition that makes the cardinal equality provable without the axiom of choice. In fact, we prove in that, for all cardinals, if and there is a permutation without fixed points on a set which is of cardinality, then.

The current study is conducted to examine the following research questions: - Examine how knowledge acquisition and knowledge dissemination are associated with academic staff’s job satisfaction and teaching motivation - Examine whether job satisfaction mediates the relationship between knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination and teaching motivation.

本书主要内容包括:经典力学和经典物理学的神圣庙堂;不识庐山真面目,只缘身在些山中;把经典力学的基本概念从奥林帕斯山上拉下来;危机是革命的前夜;爱因斯坦开拓奇妙的新世界;历史是一面最好的镜子等.

A major controversy in the study of the "Analects" has been over the relation between two central concepts, ren (humanity, human excellence) and li (rites, rituals of propriety). Confucius seems to have said inconsistent things about this relation. Some passages appear to suggest that ren is more fundamental than li, while others seem to imply the contrary. It is therefore not surprising that there have been different interpretations and characterizations of this relation. Using the analogy of language grammar and mastery (...) of a language, it is proposed here that we should understand li as a cultural grammar and ren as the mastery of a culture. In this account, society cultivates its members through li toward the goal of ren, and persons of ren manifest their human excellence through their practice of li. (shrink)

本书探究了李宗吾的家族渊源、学识流派以及思想体系,试图全面解读“厚黑教主”,在读者面前展现出一个真实、全面的李宗吾。.

本书内容包括:从康德的“道德宗教”论儒家的宗教性、重评张载由“气化论”证立的成德论、从历史中提取智慧、当今越南的宗教与社会等。.

本书收录了著名学者李石岑先生的15篇讲演,涉及怀疑与信仰、哲学与人生、佛学与人生、教育与人生等哲学与生命论题。.

本书以物理学发展史为线索,介绍物理定律产生的背景,物理定律形成的实验基础,及物理学家的研究活动和思维方法。.

本书主要记述作者赴欧盟国家考察法律制度的感受心得,收《权利,权利》、《丹麦的平民政治》、《风雨柏林墙》等40多篇文章。.

The multiverse theodicy proposes to reconcile the existence of God and evil by supposing that God created all and only the creation-worthy universes and that some universes like ours are, despite their evils, creation-worthy. Drawing on work in population ethics, this paper develops a novel challenge to the multiverse theodicy. Roughly, the challenge contends that the axiological underpinnings of the multiverse theodicy harbor a ‘mere addition paradox’: the assumption that creating creation-worthy universes would always make the world better turns out (...) to have morally repugnant consequences akin to those of the assumption that adding worthwhile lives to a population would always make the overall welfare of the population better. Further, the challenge leverages this difficulty into an argument against God’s having created all and only the creation-worthy universes, and hence against the multiverse theodicy. Responses to this challenge are considered but found wanting, largely because of commitments of the multiverse theodicy that have no analogs in population ethics. (shrink)

Keith Donnellan’s distinction between the attributive and referential uses of definite descriptions has spurred debates regarding the truth conditions of the utterance “the F is G” with definite descriptions used referentially. In this article, I present a semantic account of referential descriptions, grounded in the contextual factors of the utterance, including the speaker’s intention and presupposition as well as the interlocutor’s recognition of them. This account is called the IPR-semantic account, according to which the speaker’s intention (I), presupposition (P), and (...) the interlocutor's recognition (R) jointly determine whether “the F” in an utterance “the F is G” is used referentially or attributively, and the meaning of “the F” is determined by whether it is used referentially or attributively. Moreover, I argue that the meaning of the referential description “the F” is the intended object e, embodied with a property H that has prompted the speaker to presuppose that e is F and to intend to use “the F” to refer to e, as well as the interlocutor to recognize the presupposition and intention. According to the IPR-semantic account, the utterance “the F is G” with “the F” used referentially expresses a singular proposition, namely, that e is G, and it is true if and only if the intended object e is G. Additionally, I argue that the IPR-semantic account not only surpasses some alternative semantic accounts but also outperforms Kripke’s pragmatic account. (shrink)

本书研究了西方各国科学哲学思想的源流、派别,以及各派思想之间的关系及与科学、宗教、社会思潮的牵连,探索了科学哲学思想的发展方向。.