La relevancia de Vico en cuanto precursor de la noción de "comprensión" y adelantado de la rehabilitación de las "Ciencias del Espíritu" ha sido frecuentemente puesta de manifiesto. Ha sido mucho menos estudiada en España, sin embargo, la contribución seminal de Johann G. Herder, que, independientemente de Vico, desarrolla en el último tercio del siglo XVIII un interesante esbozo de teoría de la "comprensión".Vico's relevance as precursor of the concept of "comprehension" and pioneer of the rehabilitation of (...) the "Geisteswissenschaften" is well known. It's not been studied as much in Spain, however, the founding contribution of Johann G. Herder, who, independent of Vico, develops in the last third of the 18th century an interesting outline of theory of "comprehension". (shrink)

El trabajo plantea el paso de una ciencia de Dios a un conocimiento sobre el hombre, que con la Ciencia nueva de Vico se resuelve como historicismo.This work examines the passage from a science of God to a knowledge of man, that in Vico's New Science is solved by historicism.

Tres modelos de sensibilidad ecológico-social son visibles hoy en relación con la naturaleza. El primero, el más atávico, consiste en la indiferencia instintiva. El segundo, algo más elaborado, en su conservación utilitaria. Y el tercero, el más consistente, en el respeto esencial por ella. Y ahí, en el vértice de la jerarquía humana pensante; aislados, pocos, románticos e iluminados, encontramos a unos cuantos personajes que tratan, machaconamente, de expandir un «extraño» mensaje entre el amasijo tecnocientífico actual; el del ecologismo comprometido. (...) Su imperativo es inapelable: somos el único ser vivo del planeta dotado de suficiente autoconsciencia y, por eso mismo, de exigible responsabilidad. Sobre todo, en el caso de que existieran argumentos suficientes que enlacen nuestra estirpe con el resto de los seres vivos de la Tierra. Y ese es el objetivo de este artículo. Teilhard de Chardin, Arne Naess y el papa Francisco son tres de los mejores ejemplos de quienes han contribuido a la justificación científica y filosófica del respeto debido a la Naturaleza. En ellos, centraremos nuestro análisis. (shrink)

Se analiza aquí, si bien parcialmente, las concepciones viquianas acerca de las causas y fundamentos de la guerra, cotejándolas históricamente con las de los tratadistas que sobre ello versan, desde los clásicos al racionalismo de la Reforma, y poniendo de relieve sus respectivos acuerdos y disensos.PALABRAS CLAVE: Vico, guerra, derecho natural, derecho de gentes, Diritto Universale.Vichian conceptions of causes and reasons for war are here considered through a historical comparison with those of authors who wrote on that topic, from (...) classics until reformist rationalists, emphasising their respective agreements and discrepancies.KEYWORDs: Vico, war, natural right, ius gentium, Diritto Universale. (shrink)

Es éste un trabajo donde, partiendo de la dicotomía discurso lógico / discurso retórico, se infiere que nuestra representación del mundo e interacción con él -esencialmente metafórica y de índole retórica respectivamente- recaban la conjunción, como Vico pretendiera, de filosofía y filología.This is a paper that, putting aside the logic discourse / rhetorical discourse dichotomy, infers that our representation of the world and interaction with it -essentially metaphoric and of rhetorical nature, respectively- bring philosophy and philology together, as (...) class='Hi'>Vico intended. (shrink)

The present article studies the epictetean philosophical use of some passages of the Greek and Roman history. The concepts of love-friendship (philía) and personal con- venience (sumphéron) second the philosopher to explain why happiness (eudaimonía) has not been reached by the human being in all history. All historical war or strife (pólemos), such as the Trojan, the Medics and the Peloponnesian wars, is provoked by epistemological-moral mistakes derived from the ignorance of which is the correct place to put the sumphéron; (...) such correct place is only the personal “rational capacity” ( proháiresis). This causal explanation of the incorrect and vicious human actions, of which history is full and which destroy the existent philía between nations and provoke pólemos, constitutes an authentic epictetean philosophy of history. Nevertheless, those vicious actions have a justification in a superior Cosmological level because they are pre-determined and ordered by the God-Providence. This leads us to the possibility of observing that the stoic philosophy of history, particularly the epictetean, is analogous to some modern speculative systems of history like the ones developed by Vico or Hegel. (shrink)

Croce is a heir of the best posrenacentist traditions. Maquiavelo and Galileo are presents in the rigor of his thought and the intention to apprehend the concreteness and the verifiableness. But also they are Hegel, and before Vico, in its unfolded universalist glance on the historical process. ..

Ante la consideración general de que el principio verum/factum es una fórmula de implicación revolucionaria sólo con Vico, se pretende examinar la tesis del Quod Nihil Scitur de F. Sánchez, con objeto de mostrar que, lejos de ser una idea marginal e incidental, el principio se encuentra en la base de la teoría epistemológica del filósofo ibérico. De hecho, el presente trabajo intenta demostrar la formulación viquiana como una respuesta a la crisis escéptica que surgía de la teoría del (...) concimiento de Sánchez. Aceptando la premisa básica del escepticismo, Vico puso fin a la crisis escéptica.As to the general view of the verum/factum principle as a revolutionary formula of implication embodied in Vico’s Philosophy, this paper aims to examine the main thesis of F. Sánchez’s Quod Nihil Scitur in order to show that the principle, far from being a casual or incidental idea, lies on the bottom of his epistemological theory. In fact, this paper intends to present the vichian formula as a response to the esceptical crisis which came out from Sánchez’s very own theory of knowledge. Once the basic assumption of scepticism has been retorted, Vico brought to an end the sceptical crisis. (shrink)

El artículo analiza la influencia del pensamiento de Francisco Suárez sobre el de Giambattista Vico, y se ocupa básicamente de analizar los conceptos de derecho natural y de gentes en el primero, que en el segundo se acaba convirtiendo en Derecho natural de gentes. La concepción de Suárez sobre el derecho natural se sustenta en afirmar la no inmutabilidad plena de éste y se combina con el derecho de gentes, en el que se comprenden las costumbres de los (...) distintos pueblos. La idea viquiana del derecho natural de gentes abre las puertas al historicismo y al culturalismo como la base en la que sustenta dicho derecho, lo que supone una visión claramente humanista y pluralista del orden normativo, frente al abstractismo racionalista ilustrado. (shrink)

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE The standard edition of Vico's works is by Fausto Nicolini (8 vols. in 11; Ban, 1911-41). For a bibliography, see Benedetto Croce, ...

The volume will make a major contribution towards the study of Vico's thought and this period in the history of philosophy.

Uno de los propositos de Miro Quesada al escribir esta obra fue ofrecer "a todo aquel que se interese por la cultura latinoamericana en particular y sus manifestaciones filosoficas en particular -especialmente profesores y estudiantes- un libro que sirve para orientarlos en la produccion cada vez mas vasta y profusa de la filosofia latinoamericana.".

In his small but priceless treatise entitled De dignitate et de augmentis scientiarum,1 Francis Bacon undertakes to point i (Of the Dignity and Advancement ...

The ultimate source of explanation in biology is the principle of natural selection. Natural selection means differential reproduction of genes and gene combinations. It is a mechanistic process which accounts for the existence in living organisms of end-directed structures and processes. It is argued that teleological explanations in biology are not only acceptable but indeed indispensable. There are at least three categories of biological phenomena where teleological explanations are appropriate.

This book is the first translation from Latin into English of the juridical writings of one of the greatest minds of the Enlightenment and one of the greatest figures in Italian philosophy. The complete text is fully annotated, supplied with an extensive introduction, completed by historical and biographical documents, and graced with evocative illustrations. Legal scholars, philosophers, historians, and political scientists throughout the world may now discover a classic by one of the world’s great jurists.

This article identifies a double allusion to the tragic characters of Phaedra and Eriphyle in Amm. Marc. 14.1.3 and considers its possible meanings. In combination, these allusions evoke the double nature of the story of Eriphyle, therefore functioning as a reference to the double nature of Caesar Gallus’ depiction in Ammianus. The double allusion consequently forms part of Ammianus’ tragic style throughout Book 14. Having identified the presence of this double allusion, the article illuminates its possible meaning by connecting Ammianus’ (...) passage to the Virgilian rewriting of the description of Eriphyle in Homer. (shrink)

It is an intimate experience for us to think, to understand and to perceive things as being identical to themselves, and to suppose, consequently, that things are truly “what” they are. Something is always conceived as itself. The given is given full of itself in all its modifications. For instance, I can think or perceive partially some lips, I can see them almost in their whole or in some of their aspects, or just see them disappear. But it does not (...) seem to be possible to think or to perceive a given as almost itself, as an aspect or as part of itself. It is the aim of this work to study the assumptions and conditions for the original position of sameness in experience, just as it occurs in the synthesis of the datum singular and distinct. The polarization of single tone (einstimmig) intentional rays in an αvτó already contains the aporiae peculiar to the experience of the identical, whose revelation shall lead us, on the one hand, to one of the nuclei of the analysis of passive synthesis, and, on the other hand, to point up how critical revision of the numerical or extensional model of self-identity is for the unity of meaning. Then, it will be a question of pointing out the reasons why in a phenomenology of identity, the renunciation of the phenomenological legitimacy of the αvτó as a guarantee for the different positions of identity must be observed. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-3464-4_13 . (shrink)

O presente volume reune quase uma trintena de artigos com temas culturais, de consagrados autores portugueses e brasileiros, que assim pretenderam homenagear o Professor. oordenada por Joaquim Gonçalves, a obra é estruturada em 4 partes. As três primeiras agrupam as intervenções, consagrando-se a quarta à vida e obra do homenageado.

We state and comment our recent results on the incompleteness of elementary real analysis and their relevance for the axiomatized sciences.

The study of conscious experience per se has not kept pace with the dramatic advances in PET, fMRI and other brain-scanning technologies. If anything, the standard approaches to examining the 'view from within' involve little more than cataloguing its readily accessible components. Thus the study of lived subjective experience is still at the level of Aristotelian science, leading to a widespread scepticism over the possibility of a truly scientific study of conscious experience. Drawing on a wide range of approaches -- (...) from phenomenology to meditation -- The View From Within examines the possibility of a disciplined approach to the study of subjective states. The focus is on the practical issues involved. (shrink)

The question whether ethical behavior is biologically determined may refer either to thecapacity for ethics (e.i., the proclivity to judge human actions as either right or wrong), or to the moralnorms accepted by human beings for guiding their actions. My theses are: (1) that the capacity for ethics is a necessary attribute of human nature; and (2) that moral norms are products of cultural evolution, not of biological evolution.Humans exhibits ethical behavior by nature because their biological makeup determines the presence (...) of the three necessary, and jointly sufficient, conditions for ethical behavior: (i) the ability to anticipate the consequences of one's own actions; (ii) the ability to make value judgements; and (iii) the ability to choose between alternative courses of action. Ethical behavior came about in evolution not because it is adaptive in itself, but as a necessary consequece of man's eminent intellectual abilities, which are an attribute directly promoted by natural selection. (shrink)

The question whether ethical behavior is biologically determined may refer either to the capacity for ethics (i.e., the proclivity to judge human actions as either right or wrong), or to the moral norms accepted by human beings for guiding their actions. I herein propose: (1) that the capacity for ethics is a necessary attribute of human nature; and (2) that moral norms are products of cultural evolution, not of biological evolution. Humans exhibit ethical behavior by nature because their biological makeup (...) determines the presence of three necessary conditions for ethical behavior: (i) the ability to anticipate the consequences of one’s own actions; (ii) the ability to make value judgments; and (iii) the ability to choose between alternative courses of action. Ethical behavior came about in evolution not because it is adaptive in itself, but as a necessary consequence of man’s eminent intellectual abilities, which are an attribute directly promoted by natural selection. That is, morally evolved as an exaptation, not as an adaptation. Since Darwin’s time there have been evolutionists proposing that the norms of morality are derived from biological evolution. Sociobiologists represent the most recent and most subtle version of that proposal. The sociobiologists' argument is that human ethical norms are sociocultural correlates of behaviors fostered by biological evolution. I argue that such proposals are misguided and do not escape the naturalistic fallacy. The isomorphism between the behaviors promoted by natural selection and those sanctioned by moral norms exist only with respect to the consequences of the behaviors; the underlying causations are completely disparate. (shrink)