Perhaps because groupishness comes so easily to humans, clear operational definitions of the phenomena and justifications for the claim that it is deep‐seated are lacking in much of the literature. Furthermore, the assertion of human groupishness glosses over several important questions including which behaviors, which social boundaries, and which evolutionary processes make us groupish. In this paper I use an evolutionary lens, and cross‐species and cross‐cultural comparative examples to clarify the bases on which such a claim of particular human groupishness (...) can be made. Specifically, if humans are particularly groupish, it is because we produce culturally‐structured social landscapes. This means the cognitive science of groupishness must incorporate the social science of the cultural evolution of group boundaries. (shrink)

El presente capítulo tiene como pretensión tanto ilustrar los momentos primordiales del apartado sobre administración de justicia al interior de los Lineamientos de la Filosofía del derecho, como exponer algunos elementos conflictivos en su comprensión. Este capítulo se separa en tres momentos: i) tematiza la tarea de la administración de justicia como salvaguardia del derecho; ii) caracteriza la cohesión narrativa de la administración de justicia al interior de la sociedad civil y su tensión con el concepto de Estado y, finalmente, (...) iii) la problemática de la personalización al interior del sistema de leyes y la interpelación de Marx. La hipótesis que aparece, entonces, es que Hegel intenta probar la necesidad de la codificación del derecho en virtud la defensa de la libertad personal y de la propiedad, pero la cual solo es posible mediante el poder o violencia judicial. (shrink)

Introduction : aesthetics in the age of consumer culture. Some terms -- Attention and distraction : the billboard as mural form -- Fascination; or, enlightenment in the age of neon light -- Poetry, replication, late capitalism : Octavio Paz as concrete poet -- Lygia Clark, at home with objects -- Conclusion.

Hailed by the Journal of the History of Astronomy as "charming and witty," this chronicle by a renowned physicist traces the development of scientific thought from the works of the "founding fathers" — Galileo, Huygens, and Newton — to the more recent discoveries of Maxwell, Boltzmann, and Gibbs. 1984 edition.

Le présent ouvrage comble une lacune. La recherche, en effet, n'avait jamais pris en vue de manière systématique et détaillée l'ensemble de la philosophie schellingienne dans son rapport à la théologie. (C'est d'autant plus surprenant si l'on se rappelle que la pensée de Schelling représente le dernier essai de grand style d'établir une médiation entre ces deux disciplines.) En pratiquant sur toute l'œuvre une coupe longitudinale - depuis les premiers écrits critiques sur le mal et le mythe, à travers la (...) spéculation théogonique des Ages du monde, jusqu'aux développements christologiques et ecclésiologiques de la dernière période - le livre retrace le devenir de la théologie de Schelling, s'intégrant dans sa pensée comme l'une de ses composantes. Cette méthode permet de mettre en évidence la façon dont le philosophe théologien s'est critiqué lui-même dans les diverses phases de sa longue carrière et a modifié ses positions initiales pour tenter d'échapper à la synthèse idéaliste de la foi et du savoir, sans parvenir toutefois à se dégager entièrement du schéma de l'identité. (shrink)

This book provides a welcome assessment of the wide-ranging impact of Michel Foucault's work upon a number of disciplines within the social sciences and humanities. It offers close textual readings of Foucault's work along with clear overviews of how his work has been taken up in subjects such as history, philosophy and international relations. It also offers original applications of his work to important topics within feminist theory, political theory, the sociology of race, and socio-legal studies.

En el presente artículo se analizan las representaciones del sujeto-ciudadano que se articulan en los discursos sobre la ciudadanía del saber experto chileno. El enfoque metodológico es el estudio de caso y el análisis crítico del discurso, analizando una muestra de documentos institucionales de tres Think Tank de gran influencia nacional: “Instituto Libertad y Desarrollo”, “Centro de Estudios Públicos” y “Fundación Chile 21”. El análisis identifica dos posiciones de sujeto-ciudadano en los discursos: el “sujeto post-ciudadano” y el “sujeto neo-ciudadano”, proponiendo (...) como conclusión, que ambas representaciones están articuladas a partir de una racionalidad política común. (shrink)

Previous research has focused on the relation between social class and prosocial behavior. However, this relation is yet unclear. In this work, we shed light on this issue by considering the effect of the level of empathy and the social class of the recipient of help on two types of prosociality, namely helping and caring. In one experimental study, we found that for high-class participants, empathy had a positive effect on helping, regardless of the recipient’s social class. However, empathy had (...) no effect for low-class participants. When it comes to caring, empathy had a positive effect for both high and low-class participants, but only when the recipient of help belonged to the same social class. This highlights that empathy by itself is not sufficient to promote cooperative relations and that the social class of the recipient of help should be taken into account to shed light on this issue. (shrink)

Grace a son interrogation incomparablement tenace et incisive sur le sens de l'etre, la pensee heideggerienne accede a une comprehension du sacre qui semble irreductible a tout autre, et qui, par son originalite et sa profondeur, compte parmi les plus significatives elaborees a notre epoque. Le present ouvrage etudie le rapport complexe entre cette notion du sacre et les eclaircissements heideggeriens sur le divin et la mediation poetique. Il s'articule en quatre parties, dont la premiere expose la genese de l'interpretation (...) heideggerienne du sacre. La deuxieme partie propose une etude thematique du nouveau lexique que Heidegger, au contact notamment de la poesie de Holderlin, introduit dans sa meditation du sacre. La troisieme partie entreprend une serie de discernements critiques, en se laissant instruire par les principaux travaux qui ont examine explicitement la comprehension heideggerienne du sacre, du divin, et du poete. Dans une perspective synthetique, la quatrieme partie, enfin, s'efforce de ressaisir l'approche de Heidegger par le biais de ce qui la deborde, en la faisant dialoguer avec d'autres pensees philosophiques et theologiques marquantes; ce qui conduit a considerer, entre autres, la difference du sacre et du Saint. Degage a partir des developpements diachroniques de la premiere partie, le triptyque du sacre, du divin, et du poete structure aussi bien les synchronisations thematiques de la deuxieme partie que les discernements critiques fournis par la troisieme, et il est assume, tout en etant "depasse", par les chapitres systematiques de la derniere partie. (shrink)

We present a preliminary high-level formal theory, grounded on knowledge representation techniques and foundational ontologies, for the uniform and integrated representation of the different kinds of (quali- tative and quantitative) knowledge involved in the designing process. We discuss the conceptual nature of engineering design by individuating and analyzing the involved notions. These notions are then formally charac- terized by extending the DOLCE foundational ontology. Our ultimate purpose is twofold: (i) to contribute to foundational issues of design; and (ii) to support (...) the development of advanced modelling systems for (qualitative and quantitative) representation of design knowledge. (shrink)

Es una reseña sobre el libro Callejones y cristales de Alberto Kurapel, publicado en septiembre de 2020, por Editorial Cuarto Propio.

Authors have empirically evidenced that cultural stereotypes influence gender-typed behavior. With the present work, we have added to this literature by demonstrating that gender roles can explain sex differences in risk-taking, a stereotypically masculine domain. Our aim was to replicate previous findings and to analyze what variables affect women making risky decisions in the social domain. A sample composed of 417 Spanish participants, between 17 and 30 years old, answered a set of self-report measures referring to femininity, fear of negative (...) evaluation, and social risk-taking. According to the main results, sex indirectly linked to risk-taking in the social domain, through femininity and fear of negative evaluation. Specifically, women self-reported higher feminine traits, which were associated with increased fear of negative evaluation, which in turn was associated with less risky decisions in the social domain. Thus, we have showed the relationship between gender roles and women’s behaviors in a stereotypically masculine domain. Our findings highlight the necessity of considering a gender-based perspective in the field of risk-taking, showing that not all women make more risky decisions in the social domain. (shrink)

Product structures are represented in engineering models by depicting and linking components, features and assemblies. Their understanding requires knowledge of both design and manufacturing practices, and yet further contextual reasoning is needed to read them correctly. Since these representations are essen- tial to the engineering activities, the lack of a clear and explicit semantics of these models hampers the use of information systems for their assessment and exploita- tion. We study this problem by identifying different interpretations of structure rep- resentations, (...) and then discuss the formal properties that a suitable language needs for representing components, features and combinations of these. We show that the representation of components and features require a non-standard mereology. (shrink)