Diz o ditado que "quem não gosta de samba, bom sujeito não é: ou é ruim da cabeça ou doente do pé". Os filósofos tradicionalmente são doentes do pé e muitos deles certamente são ruins da cabeça. Isso parece tornar o tema desse livro pouco viável. Entretanto, tentamos mesmo assim. Afinal gente ruim da cabeça também é inconsequente. Na verdade, esse livro é a continuação do desejo compartilhado por seus diversos autores de aproximar a filosofia da cultura brasileira. E nada (...) melhor para tornar esse diálogo palpável do que o motivo fornecido pelo samba. Afinal, ele é uma de nossas manifestações nacionais mais típicas, difundidas e que tem sobrevivido a várias transformações ao longo do tempo. Através desse livro, esperamos ter nos tornado menos doentes do pé e menos ruins da cabeça -- apesar de quase todos gostarem de samba. (shrink)

La sociedad atraviesa una serie de transformaciones en sus relaciones entre instituciones y comunidad; en este marco la universidad, desde su misión académica centrada en la formación e investigación para el desarrollo de conocimientos, está promoviendo una mayor implicación hacia las necesidades de la sociedad, a lo que se denomina responsabilidad social universitaria (RSU). Este artículo presenta cómo, desde una perspectiva humanista, se constituye una comunidad social de investigación entre la Unidad de Investigación Enfoque Centrado en la Persona de la (...) Universidad de Valencia –España-, el grupo Prisma de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga –Colombia- y la Fundación Albeiro Vargas (FAVAC) –Colombia- cuya finalidad es la atención al adulto mayor. Mediante una metodología de investigación-acción participativa, se genera una base de cooperación institucional para la promoción del bienestar psicológico del adulto mayor. El voluntariado, a través de sus docentes y sus alumnos, se concreta así en una acción de responsabilidad social universitaria cuya primera actividad es la valoración del bienestar psicológico del adulto mayor en la fundación Albeiro Vargas. (shrink)

En este artículo analizo las consecuencias del exilio en varios personajes de Los detectives salvajes de Roberto Bolaño, específicamente Ulises Lima y Arturo Belano, quienes, tras la muerte de Cesárea Tinajero, se marchan de México e inician un recorrido por países de Europa, Medio Oriente, Centroamérica y África. Este desarraigo físico, ideológico y espiritual, causado por la pérdida de sus ideales de juventud, los hace vivir “vidas líquidas”, esto es, vidas regidas por las experiencias de inseguridad, incertidumbre y desprotección. El (...) tema del exilio también afecta la estructura de la novela, sobre todo en lo que tiene que ver con la utilización, en la segunda parte, de múltiples narradores que van contando anécdotas sobre Lima, Belano y otros miembros del realismo visceral. Para abordar estos temas reviso el concepto de “modernidad líquida”, acuñado por Zygmunt Bauman, teniendo en cuenta que, para él, la modernidad líquida ha incentivado la extraterritorialidad en el hombre contemporáneo, así como el culto a lo efímero que afecta todos los aspectos de nuestras vidas, incluyendo la concepción de nosotros mismos y de nuestras relaciones sentimentales. (shrink)

This paper is devoted to the problem of existence of saturated models for first-order many-valued logics. We consider a general notion of type as pairs of sets of formulas in one free variable that express properties that an element of a model should, respectively, satisfy and falsify. By means of an elementary chains construction, we prove that each model can be elementarily extended to a $\kappa $-saturated model, i.e. a model where as many types as possible are realized. In order (...) to prove this theorem we obtain, as by-products, some results on tableaux and their consistency and satisfiability and a generalization of the Tarski–Vaught theorem on unions of elementary chains. Finally, we provide a structural characterization of $\kappa $-saturation in terms of the completion of a diagram representing a certain configuration of models and mappings. (shrink)

The study of perfect, local and bipartite IMTL-algebras presented in [29] is generalized in this paper to the general non-involutive case, i.e. to MTL-algebras. To this end we describe the radical of MTL-algebras and characterize perfect MTL-algebras as those for which the quotient by the radical is isomorphic to the two-element Boolean algebra, and a special class of bipartite MTL-algebras,.

This is the continuation of the paper :417–446, 2010). We continue the abstract study of non-classical logics based on the kind of generalized implication connectives they possess and we focus on semilinear logics, i.e. those that are complete with respect to the class of models where the implication defines a linear order. We obtain general characterizations of semilinearity in terms of the intersection-prime extension property, the syntactical semilinearity metarule and the class of finitely subdirectly irreducible models. Moreover, we consider extensions (...) of the language with lattice connectives and generalized disjunctions, study their interplay with implication and obtain axiomatizations and further descriptions of semilinear logics in terms of disjunctions and the proof by cases property. (shrink)

In this paper we carry out an algebraic investigation of the weak nilpotent minimum logic and its t-norm based axiomatic extensions. We consider the algebraic counterpart of WNM, the variety of WNM-algebras and prove that it is locally finite, so all its subvarieties are generated by finite chains. We give criteria to compare varieties generated by finite families of WNM-chains, in particular varieties generated by standard WNM-chains, or equivalently t-norm based axiomatic extensions of WNM, and we study their standard completeness (...) properties. We also characterize the generic WNM-chains, i. e. those that generate the variety [MATHEMATICAL DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL W]ℕ[MATHEMATICAL DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL M], and we give finite axiomatizations for some t-norm based extensions of WNM. (shrink)

A filosofia é privativa da cultura ocidental ou é uma criação do pensamento humano em geral? As culturas africanas e afrodiaspóricas são relevantes para o entendimento da filosofia? Existe filosofia africana e/ou filosofia afro-brasileira? Em caso afirmativo, como elas podem contribuir para o entendimento das relações étnico-raciais? Como o(a) professor(a) pode incluir a filosofia africana e a afrodiaspórica no currículo de Filosofia do ensino médio? Como formar um(a) professor(a) de Filosofia capaz de fazer essa conexão? Estas são algumas das questões (...) que o professor Renato Noguera discute nesta obra, que contém roteiros de reflexão, referências a autores fundamentais e propostas curriculares práticas. (shrink)

This brief Afroperspectivist study explores the articulation between the education of ethnic-racial relations and childhood studies. The generational issues of childhood are not dissociated from racialization. Therefore, racism is a phenomenon that needs to be tackled in children's contexts. This essay makes some complaints about situations of racism that afflict children in Brazil, and offers what we call pronouncements. We postulate that it is important to propose anti-racist paths. Afro-perspectivist philosophy operates on the assumption that childhood – approached as a (...) philosophical concept - is the existential and political key to the promotion of afrotopia, which the Senegalese economist Felwine Sarr understands as a real historical possibility. We argue that the Western project promotes adulthood, which implies the colonization of life and the world. Our hypothesis is that through the promotion of childhood we can create the necessary conditions for anti-racist societies, and offer an afro-perspectivist understanding of childhood as a proactive indicator of the possibility other realities. (shrink)

La composición polifónica musical nos permite hablar de la emergencia, en el sur y desde el sur que somos, de Voces de la Tierra, que han susurrado, cantado, llorado o gritado el dolor producido por las maneras de habitar humanas construidas en la modernidad cosificadora de la tierra y del mundo de la vida, modernidad mercantil, industrial y global cuya ética se ha reducido a valores absolutamente euro-antropo-racional-centristas, permeados por el valor supremo del capital. En este artículo, emergente de pensadores (...) ambientales latinoamericanos y pensadores-otros que han sospechado radicalmente del edificio de la ética ambiental emergente de la conferencia del Club de Roma o del Informe Burndtland, intentamos desplegar lo ético, como ethos con e larga, que en griego significa casa, y desde este lugar de enunciación, intentamos salirnos del sujeto y del objeto en la variación ética ambiental eurocentrista, y proponer con las voces de la tierra sur, abya yala, diseños del ethos, ligado óntica-relacionalmente con el cuerpo-tierra. Diseñamos, inspirados en Husserl, Heidegger, Deleuze, Guattari, Ángel-Maya, Enrique Leff, Noguera, Echeverri, pensadores-otros y voces de montañas, animales, ríos, y plantas, la vida, territorios de libertad entendida ésta como expansión de los cuerpos en la naturaleza y de paz integral y completa, entendiendo que no puede haber paz, si no amamos ni respetamos la tierra que somos. Esto exige el giro óntico-etico- estético-político de la ética en clave de un Pensamiento Ambiental Sur. (shrink)

A partir de uma afirmação feita por Achille Mbembe no ensaio Necropolítica, situando a Palestina como o exemplo mais bem organizado do necropoder, nós vamos analisar o seu duplo opositor, o Estado de Israel enquanto projeto filosófico-político da Terra prometida. O pano de fundo implícito de sustentação teórica de um dos conceitos mais célebres da filosofia mbembeana, a necropolítica, está nas contribuições decisivas da tese de Frantz Fanon presente nos Condenados da Terra. O objetivo é investigar como os processos de (...) colonização estão assentados sob uma fantasia responsável pelo surgimento da raça, analisando sua conexão com o capitalismo neoliberal e, em paralelo, como o estabelecimento de uma tribo eleita com direito natural de habitar a Terra prometida vincula-se ao exercício de necropoder. (shrink)

Por que amamos? O que está por trás desse sentimento que, segundo dizem, move montanhas? É se debruçando sobre a filosofia, a ancestralidade, mitos africanos, indígenas, orientais, ocidentais e até sobre a biologia que Renato Noguera nos leva a refletir sobre os diferentes significados do amor. Amar é querer aprender, ensinam-nos os gregos. A esse aprendizado, soma-se outro fundamental, desta vez proveniente de culturas afro-indígenas: amar não é uma emoção individual, mas coletiva, e pode envolver duas, três, quatro pessoas, ou (...) mesmo uma comunidade inteira – o que é explicado também pela biologia. A alquimia de Noguera está em mostrar como os ensinamentos de filósofos e pensadores das mais diversas eras e sociedades não se contradizem, mas complementam-se. Por que amamos? Não há apenas uma resposta – assim como não há apenas uma forma de amor. (shrink)

Existe una escisión del hombre con la naturaleza inscrita en los aspectos de la vida; la civilización moderna está en crisis ambiental, de la cultura, de sentido, de la técnica y de la manera en que habita y crea hábitat el hombre. La técnica moderna se ha instaurado de la mano de la ciencia y la economía llamándose tecnología: una manera de la techné distanciada de sus orígenes y que ha pasado de la creación e invención a una repetibilidad que (...) solo permite crear lo que cumple las condiciones e ideales establecidos por un modelo económico. Mientras la techné se comprende en un mundo de la vida, en un lugar con espacio y tiempo, la técnica moderna se cree separada de él. Se propone entonces un giro en el pensar/habitar hacia la techné, para un reencuentro con el mundo de la vida. (shrink)

Partindo da ideia de Deleuze que filosofia é criar conceitos, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a filosofia afroperspectivista, criando conceitos para articular ensino de filosofia e a educação das relações etnicorraciais. O conceito de denegrir trabalha para problematizar o nascimento da filosofia na busca por uma nova coreografia do pensamento.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar algumas reflexões filosóficas em favor de uma educação antirracista. A proposta pode ser descrita como uma declaração filosófica afroperspectivista, isto é, um exercício que dá visibilidade as pesquisas africanas e afrodiaspóricas. Um ensaio que é atravessado pelo paradigma da pluriversalidade na busca do exercício de denegrir a educação.

Partindo da ideia de Orfmilá, a filosofia é autoconhecimento, o propósito é a impressão de dois sentidos: ciência da cabeça e cartografia dos caminhos. O que podemos fazer é uma incursão em arranjos matemáticos sobre o Odu, analisando os elementos que constituem a cabeça e como encruzilhados dos caminhos. A base teórica está situada nos escritos de filósofas nigerianas, principalmente Sophie Oluwole. Palavras-chave: Orunmilá; filosofia; autoconhecimento; ori; caminhos.

En la sociología y la teoría social contemporánea se ha instalado profundamente la idea de que la sociología es inherentemente una ciencia o disciplina «multiparadigmática », y de que no es posible ni deseable caminar hacia una mayor integración en la disciplina. Este trabajo argumenta contra esa creencia y defiende la posibilidad y deseabilidad de establecer unas «reglas del juego» comunes como requisito lógico e institucional para perseguir fértil y críticamente la generación de conocimiento sociológico. Para ello, se efectúan algunas (...) distinciones analíticas útiles: en primer lugar, entre pluralismo teórico genuino y pseudo-pluralismo; en segundo lugar, entre integración léxica, semántica, metodológica, epistémica y teórica; y, en tercer lugar, entre integración «simple» e integración «compleja» o «consiliencia». Adicionalmente, el artículo presenta algunas hipótesis para explicar la popularidad de este mito entre los sociólogos, entre las que destaca su uso como blindaje contra la crítica. (shrink)

Este artículo discute el papel que la ciencia social ha jugado en la evolución histórica de nuestras sociedades. La historia cíclica de las revoluciones es la historia cíclica de la deconstrucción-construcción de la Ciencia Social. En la actualidad, los acontecimientos ocurridos en el mundo durante la década de los ochenta e inicios de los noventa, pusieron al descubierto la debilidad de la ciencia social progresista para entender los interrogantes y problemáticas de nuestra realidad De este contexto surge un debate, que (...) tendrá su manifestación principal en la Declaración sobre la Ciencia y el uso del saber científico aprobada en la Conferencia Mundial sobre la Ciencia para el siglo XXI: un nuevo compromiso celebrada en Budapest en 1999, sobre la necesidad de dar una nueva dirección a la tecnología y las ciencias naturales, pero también a la ciencia social, que contribuya, desde una óptica crítica, a la construcción de un mundo mejor. (shrink)

Uma boa entrevista precisa de uma entrada? Necessitamos aqui, realmente de uma apresentação de nosso entrevistado? Se sim, seremos sintéticos, porque estamos convencidos de que importa a fala de Renato Noguera. Deixaremos que a entrevista diga “algo” sobre ele que não possa ser pinçado rapidamente de seu currículo lattes, produção bibliográfica, palestras e bancas de trabalhos acadêmicos, não sem dizer, contudo, que Noguera é daqueles pensadores que aproximam o conhecimento das pessoas. Não escreve e nem fala como se estivesse em (...) uma Catedral, engomado e asséptico. Noguera é pop: dá entrevistas em programas de televisão com a mesma competência com a qual orienta seus estudantes, desenvolve pesquisas e escreve livros. Já há algum tempo, Renato Noguera é sinônimo de produção inovadora que contraria o epistemicídio negro e rasura as lacunas da filosofia. Nosso entrevistado engrossa as reflexões presentes nesta edição da revista Odeere/UESB, cujo tema central é “Afrofilosofias e saberes diaspóricos: Filosofias pretas nas palmas das mãos”, questionando silêncios de uma ciência branca-cis-euro-hetero-usa-normativa, pouco comprometida com a luta antirracista e a equanimidade. A ele agradecemos por nos conceder um pouco de seu tempo, tendo a internet nos servido de elo. A você dedicamos este trabalho, convidando-a a trilhar um percurso de leitura, o qual, se estivermos de acordo, apresentará: i) reflexão e avanço de conhecimento sobre uma filosofia negra; ii) outros caminhos para a filosofia, mais ao “sul”; iii) reinvenções de percurso de pesquisa, pois, ora, o entrevistado tem se voltado à filosofia para a infância. E por quê? Porque Erês, Ibejis, Exu Mirim, o menino Kiriku dão o que filosofar, tanto quanto Pinóquio, Mickey Mouse, Riquinho Rico ou o Pateta, não é mesmo? Esta entrevista não serve apenas aos estudiosos de filosofia, aos pesquisadores de categorias como raça, etnicidade e justiça cognitiva. Serve aquelxs interessadxs em ensinar e aprender filosofias negras, com vistas a denegrir a Vida numa articulação proativa e biocêntrica em favor da Comunidade. Em uma palavra: Ubuntu! Palavras chave: Filosofia; Afrocentricidade; África. (shrink)

This paper discusses the philosophical doctrine of moral luck, as described by Bernard Williams in his book of the same name. It first describes Williams' account and then uses the case of Michael Stone, a convicted murderer with a long history of mental disorder, and mental health practitioners’ interventions in his case, to test and debate Williams’ views. It examines four major areas of these, including the classical notion of moral luck, retroactive judgement, agent regret and justifiable and unjustifiable decision‐making. (...) It concludes that, in view of what has been said, whilst Williams’ views are applicable and appropriate to many areas of the Stone case, ‘traditional’ moral views on rights, obligations and principles cannot be entirely laid aside in evaluating this. (shrink)

La investigación centra su interés en determinar el impacto que ha tenido la implementación de la cátedra de la Paz en las instituciones educativas de Ciudad Bolívar en la construcción de paz y ciudadanía. Desde la investigación cualitativa en una perspectiva hermenéutica y el método narrativo, se realizó una revisión documental. Se concluye que, el abordaje de la cátedra de la paz requiere en la escuela, una perspectiva holística que fomente la reflexión crítica sobre el conflicto armado, construcción de memoria (...) histórica, fortalecimiento del tejido social y cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. (shrink)

In this article we investigate infinitary propositional logics from the perspective of their completeness properties in abstract algebraic logic. It is well-known that every finitary logic is complete with respect to its relatively subdirectly irreducible models. We identify two syntactical notions formulated in terms of intersection-prime theories that follow from finitarity and are sufficient conditions for the aforementioned completeness properties. We construct all the necessary counterexamples to show that all these properties define pairwise different classes of logics. Consequently, we obtain (...) a new hierarchy of logics going beyond the scope of finitarity. (shrink)

It is well known that MTL satisfies the finite embeddability property. Thus MTL is complete w. r. t. the class of all finite MTL-chains. In order to reach a deeper understanding of the structure of this class, we consider the extensions of MTL by adding the generalized contraction since each finite MTL-chain satisfies a form of this generalized contraction. Simultaneously, we also consider extensions of MTL by the generalized excluded middle laws introduced in [9] and the axiom of weak cancellation (...) defined in [31]. The algebraic counterpart of these logics is studied characterizing the subdirectly irreducible, the semisimple, and the simple algebras. Finally, some important algebraic and logical properties of the considered logics are discussed: local finiteness, finite embeddability property, finite model property, decidability, and standard completeness. (shrink)

This paper aims at being a systematic investigation of different completeness properties of first-order predicate logics with truth-constants based on a large class of left-continuous t-norms . We consider standard semantics over the real unit interval but also we explore alternative semantics based on the rational unit interval and on finite chains. We prove that expansions with truth-constants are conservative and we study their real, rational and finite chain completeness properties. Particularly interesting is the case of considering canonical real and (...) rational semantics provided by the algebras where the truth-constants are interpreted as the numbers they actually name. Finally, we study completeness properties restricted to evaluated formulae of the kind , where φ has no additional truth-constants. (shrink)

This book is an anthology of some of the most influential research on basic income in the period of roughly 1960-2010.

Reseña de Soprano, Germán y Tato, María Inés (Dirs.) (2022). Malvinas y las guerras del siglo XX. Buenos Aires: Teseo Press, 292 pp.

Lindström’s theorem obviously fails as a characterization of first-order logic without identity ( $\mathcal {L}_{\omega \omega }^{-} $ ). In this note, we provide a fix: we show that $\mathcal {L}_{\omega \omega }^{-} $ is a maximal abstract logic satisfying a weak form of the isomorphism property (suitable for identity-free languages and studied in [11]), the Löwenheim–Skolem property, and compactness. Furthermore, we show that compactness can be replaced by being recursively enumerable for validity under certain conditions. In the proofs, we (...) use a form of strong upwards Löwenheim–Skolem theorem not available in the framework with identity. (shrink)

Basic Income: An Anthology of Contemporary Research presents a compilation of six decades of Basic Income literature. It includes the most influential empirical research and theoretical arguments on all aspects of the Basic Income proposal. -/- Includes six decades of the most influential literature on Basic Income Includes unpublished and hard-to-find articles The first major compendium on one of the most innovative political reform proposals of our age Explores multidisciplinary views of Basic Income, with philosophical, economic, political, and sociological views (...) Features contributions from key and well-known philosophers and economists, including Atkinson, Simon, Friedman, Fromm, Gorz, Offe, Rawls, Pettit, Van Parijs, and more Presents the best theoretical and empirical arguments for and against Basic Income -/- . (shrink)

In this position paper we present a logical framework for modelling reasoning with graded predicates. We distinguish several types of graded predicates and discuss their ubiquity in rational interaction and the logical challenges they pose. We present mathematical fuzzy logic as a set of logical tools that can be used to model reasoning with graded predicates, and discuss a philosophical account of vagueness that makes use of these tools. This approach is then generalized to other kinds of graded predicates. Finally, (...) we propose a general research program towards a logic-based account of reasoning with graded predicates. (shrink)

This monograph presents a general theory of weakly implicative logics, a family covering a vast number of non-classical logics studied in the literature, concentrating mainly on the abstract study of the relationship between logics and their algebraic semantics. It can also serve as an introduction to algebraic logic, both propositional and first-order, with special attention paid to the role of implication, lattice and residuated connectives, and generalized disjunctions. Based on their recent work, the authors develop a powerful uniform framework for (...) the study of non-classical logics. In a self-contained and didactic style, starting from very elementary notions, they build a general theory with a substantial number of abstract results. The theory is then applied to obtain numerous results for prominent families of logics and their algebraic counterparts, in particular for superintuitionistic, modal, substructural, fuzzy, and relevant logics. The book may be of interest to a wide audience, especially students and scholars in the fields of mathematics, philosophy, computer science, or related areas, looking for an introduction to a general theory of non-classical logics and their algebraic semantics. (shrink)

This article intends to contribute to the science–religion historiography with two topics—philology and the construction of national identities—that can help provide a more complex picture of the relations between science and religion. We use the life and work of the Mallorcan Catholic priest Antoni Maria Alcover (1862–1932) as a case study that puts language, linguistics, and nationalism on the board of science and religion studies. Alcover was the main driving force of the Catalan Dictionary, a collective enterprise that set out (...) to inventory the complete oral and literary lexicon of this language, and which mobilized thousands of people, many of which were clergymen, from all over the Catalan‐speaking territories. In the article, we will explore Alcover's education; the way he established a link between language, religion, and fatherland; the shaping of his identity as a philologist in the image mainly of new German notions and practices; as well as his role in the institutionalization process of the Catalan language as a scientific language, as a language for science and for religion. (shrink)

Substructural logics extending the full Lambek calculus FL have largely benefited from a systematical algebraic approach based on the study of their algebraic counterparts: residuated lattices. Recently, a nonassociative generalization of FL has been studied by Galatos and Ono as the logic of lattice-ordered residuated unital groupoids. This paper is based on an alternative Hilbert-style presentation for SL which is almost MP -based. This presentation is then used to obtain, in a uniform way applicable to most substructural logics, a form (...) of local deduction theorem, description of filter generation, and proper forms of generalized disjunctions. A special stress is put on semilinear substructural logics. Axiomatizations of the weakest semilinear logic over SL and other prominent substructural logics are provided and their completeness with respect to chains defined over the real unit interval is proved. (shrink)

We study classes of graded structures satisfying the properties of amalgamation, joint embedding and hereditariness. Given appropriate conditions, we can build a graded analogue of the Fraïssé limit. Some examples such as the class of all finite weighted graphs or the class of all finite fuzzy orders (evaluated on a particular countable algebra) will be examined.

Stemming from the works of Petr Hájek on mathematical fuzzy logic, graded model theory has been developed by several authors in the last two decades as an extension of classical model theory that studies the semantics of many-valued predicate logics. In this paper we take the first steps towards an abstract formulation of this model theory. We give a general notion of abstract logic based on many-valued models and prove six Lindström-style characterizations of maximality of first-order logics in terms of (...) metalogical properties such as compactness, abstract completeness, the Löwenheim–Skolem property, the Tarski union property, and the Robinson property, among others. As necessary technical restrictions, we assume that the models are valued on finite MTL-chains and the language has a constant for each truth-value. (shrink)

Transfer theorems are central results in abstract algebraic logic that allow to generalize properties of the lattice of theories of a logic to any algebraic model and its lattice of filters. Their proofs sometimes require the existence of a natural extension of the logic to a bigger set of variables. Constructions of such extensions have been proposed in particular settings in the literature. In this paper we show that these constructions need not always work and propose a wider setting in (...) which they can still be used. (shrink)

This paper is a contribution to the study of the rôle of disjunction inAlgebraic Logic. Several kinds of (generalized) disjunctions, usually defined using a suitable variant of the proof by cases property, were introduced and extensively studied in the literature mainly in the context of finitary logics. The goals of this paper are to extend these results to all logics, to systematize the multitude of notions of disjunction (both those already considered in the literature and those introduced in this paper), (...) and to show several interesting applications allowed by the presence of a suitable disjunction in a given logic. (shrink)

Në këtë artikull shtjellohet kontributi i Claude Lévi-Strauss-it në antropologji. Lévi-Strauss e shndërroi antropologjinë në një projekt shkencor me një vlerë shumë më të sofistikuar intelektuale për të kuptuar njerëzimin sesa ç'mendohet apo sesa ka arritur më parë kjo fushë. Kontributi i tij përfaqëson rithithjen e kësaj fushe në qendrën e ideve perëndimore, përderisa ai e riformuloi antropologjinë si një projekt intelektual, një profesion të intelektualëve të kohës, në vend të një profili të specializuar me gjuhën, të dhënat, (...) metodat, teknikat, dhe teoritë e tij të ralla. Sipas Clifford Geertz, asnjë antropolog nuk ka qenë më insistues sesa Lévi-Strauss në faktin se 'praktika e profesionit të tij përbëhet nga një kërkim personal i drejtuar nga një vision personal dhe që synon shëlbimin personal.' Në formën e mitit standard profetik të një kërkimi heroik me antropologun si hero, sipas Richard Shweder, Lévi-Strauss e shndërroi ekspeditën e tij në brendësinë e virgjër të Amazonës në një kërkim vizioni dhe e shndërroi antropologjinë në një mision shpirtëror për të mbrojtur njerëzimin kundër vetvetes. (shrink)

This is a welcome reprint of a book that continues to grow in importance.

IMTL logic was introduced in [12] as a generalization of the infinitely-valued logic of Lukasiewicz, and in [11] it was proved to be the logic of left-continuous t-norms with an involutive negation and their residua. The structure of such t-norms is still not known. Nevertheless, Jenei introduced in [20] a new way to obtain rotation-invariant semigroups and, in particular, IMTL-algebras and left-continuous t-norm with an involutive negation, by means of the disconnected rotation method. In order to give an algebraic interpretation (...) to this construction, we generalize the concepts of perfect, bipartite and local algebra used in the classification of MV-algebras to the wider variety of IMTL-algebras and we prove that perfect algebras are exactly those algebras obtained from a prelinear semihoop by Jenei's disconnected rotation. We also prove that the variety generated by all perfect IMTL-algebras is the variety of the IMTL-algebras that are bipartite by every maximal filter and we give equational axiomatizations for it. (shrink)

For many years to come, race will continue to be a source of controversy and conflict in American society. For many of us it will continue to shape where we live, pray, go to school, and socialize. We cannot simply wish away the existence of race or racism, but we can take steps to lessen the ways in which the categories trap and confine us. Educators, who should be committed to helping young people realize their intellectual potential as they make (...) their way toward adulthood, have a responsibility to help them find ways to expand identities related to race so that they can experience the fullest possibility of all that they may become. In this brutally honest—yet ultimately hopeful— book Pedro Noguera examines the many facets of race in schools and society and reveals what it will take to improve outcomes for all students. From achievement gaps to immigration, Noguera offers a rich and compelling picture of a complex issue that affects all of us. (shrink)

The main objective of this article is to provide a critique of the pandemic strategy suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO) and implemented by various countries from March 2020 onwards in the wake of the coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Based on the theories of Michel Foucault, this critique aims to show that, in the first instance, the pandemic may be understood in terms of the art of governing human beings at the point of interaction between politics and medicine; (...) secondly, in Foucauldian terminology, such interaction may be referred to as ‘noso-politics’, that is, a mechanism used to control the body of the population via authoritarian measures exercised in the name of the health of the population; thirdly, such a mechanism exercises its power by invoking a mechanistic truth about the SARS-CoV-2 virus which may be countered by an argument that takes a historical perspective on the virus; fourthly, the pandemic strategy may be opposed by a syndemic approach that takes into account interactions between emerging diseases such as COVID-19 and non-communicable illnesses, as well as the biological and socio-economic conditions that the well-being of the population depends on. In short, by providing a critique of the politics of truth about the pandemic, the virus, and health measures, the article aims to encourage a critical attitude that will challenge both the authorities and the truth they invoke to prevent the pandemic strategy being used as a mechanism for governing, given the predictions of the recurrent emergence of new viruses. (shrink)

For many years to come, race will continue to be a source of controversy and conflict in American society. For many of us it will continue to shape where we live, pray, go to school, and socialize. We cannot simply wish away the existence of race or racism, but we can take steps to lessen the ways in which the categories trap and confine us. Educators, who should be committed to helping young people realize their intellectual potential as they make (...) their way toward adulthood, have a responsibility to help them find ways to expand identities related to race so that they can experience the fullest possibility of all that they may become. In this brutally honest—yet ultimately hopeful— book Pedro Noguera examines the many facets of race in schools and society and reveals what it will take to improve outcomes for all students. From achievement gaps to immigration, Noguera offers a rich and compelling picture of a complex issue that affects all of us. (shrink)

For many years to come, race will continue to be a source of controversy and conflict in American society. For many of us it will continue to shape where we live, pray, go to school, and socialize. We cannot simply wish away the existence of race or racism, but we can take steps to lessen the ways in which the categories trap and confine us. Educators, who should be committed to helping young people realize their intellectual potential as they make (...) their way toward adulthood, have a responsibility to help them find ways to expand identities related to race so that they can experience the fullest possibility of all that they may become. In this brutally honest—yet ultimately hopeful— book Pedro Noguera examines the many facets of race in schools and society and reveals what it will take to improve outcomes for all students. From achievement gaps to immigration, Noguera offers a rich and compelling picture of a complex issue that affects all of us. (shrink)