Abstract

Ecology is a science which has become indispensable when thinking about the future of humanity and biodiversity on Earth. In this paper we will recall the links between Diversity, Information, Energy, Matter and the scientific input from Doctor Ramon Margalef (Investigación pesquera 3:99–106, 1956; The American Naturalist 97:357–374, 1963). For a long time science has worked hard to reach an estimate of unknown biodiversity. In this “Anthropocene” era (Crutzen, Nature 415:23, 2002), humans realize that the biosphere and biodiversity are in imminent danger and that they have a serious duty to planet earth. It is evident that the Earth’s ecosystem requires our protection, but questions still remain: will mankind be able to do so? Will the transformation of human societies towards sustainable development come about?