Abstract

"Ceremony" unprecedented attention by the academia in the Qing Dynasty, from the early Qing Gu, Seoul Qi Zhang, Wan Sitong, to the late Qing Zeng, Sun Yirang, have the gift of scholarship concerned with the focus on the ritual discussion of Confucianism in Qing Dynasty, roughly the officer, Ming and Qing Dynasties are still many aspects of the ritual state system problems, then gradually concentrated in the highest social customs such as marriage ritual funeral ceremony, and the ethical practice of relationship issues. Lingting worthy of both science and Qian Jia textual criticism Huizhou, in particular, ritual theory dual academic background, he learned not only the culmination of the ceremony was set master of ceremony, it is first proposed the "courtesy agency" claim, directly to the Neo- Science Peach War, and the establishment of a learning gift idea to replace the Neo-Confucianist ideology, the move set off a round Qian Jia Li made ​​the academic ceremony of academic fashion has driven the late Qing re-gift ideas. "Propriety" obtains unprecedented importance in Ching Dynasty's academics. From the early Ching scholars Ku Yanwu , Zhang Erqi and Wan Sitong to the late Ching scholars such as Zeng Guofan , Sun Yirang and so on, they all regard propriety as the top issue at studies. At the mention of propriety the Ching scholars discuss in general, they mostly deliberate on propriety establishment from the side of national institutions during the Ming- Ching periods and afterward increasingly focus on social rituals and customs such as ceremonies of grown-up, marriage, death and funeral as well as the network of human relations in practice. Ling Tingkan is particularly expert in both of Huizhou Neo -Confucianism and Qian-Jia Textology as the twofold background of Propriety Theory. He, master of propriety, not only incorporates the strong points of different propriety schools but also becomes the first one to advocate "Propriety in substitution for Metaphysical Principles ", straightforwardly giving a challenge to Cheng-Zhu's Neo-Confucianism. Meanwhile, he establishes a thought system of propriety in substitution for Neo-Confucianism. His maintenance sets off a scholastic trend of discussion on propriety instead of metaphysical principles among the Qian -Jia academic circles, also promotes an array of propriety thought in the late-Ching