Justicia Y Derecho: Derrida, Kant

Ethic@ 13 (2):11-33 (2006)
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Abstract

El objetivo de este trabajo es pensar una noción no fundamentalista de justicia.Para eso partimos de la concepción poética de justicia en J.L.Borges, que nadatiene que ver con el derecho, ni como su fundamento ni como su consecuencia;continuamos mostrando la noción de derecho que puede ser derivada de unainterpretación kafkiana, donde lo que aparece no es nunca un origen fundamental y si sus instancias . Con esto tenemos, por un lado, justicia y, por otro lado, derecho . En tercer lugar, buscamosreconstruir la elaboración Derrida-Levinas que procura encontrar una noción dejusticia que no sea resultado del derecho, sino su posibilidad o suimposibilidad, anterior a todas las instancias. El último paso es mostrar, desde unpunto de vista kantiano, que una noción de justicia anterior al derecho se presentacomo afectivista lo que puede llevar a una concepción místico-fundamentalista. Finalmente concluiremos que el derecho no tieneningún origen, sino apenas instancias y, por lo tanto, si una noción de justicia noestá relacionada al derecho entoncessolo puede ser poética en el sentido en que nada tiene que ver con el cálculo, ni aúncomo su posibilidad.The aim of this article is to consider a key notion in the foundations of justice.Our analysis is based on J.L. Borges’ poetic conception of justice, according towhich nothing suggests justice has anything to do with right, neither in itsfoundations nor in its consequences. We go on to show the notion of right whichcan be derived from a Kafkanian interpretation, according to which what appearsis never a fundamental origin , but itsinstances . Thus, we have justiceon the other hand, and right on the other. From there, we seek toreconstruct the Derrida-Levinas elaboration, which sought to find a notion ofjustice that is not the result of right, unless it be as a possibility or impossibilityprior to all instances. In the last step, we argue from a Kantian point of view thatthe notion of justice prior to right arises as “affectivist” insofar as it might lead toa mystical-fundamentalist conception . Finally, weconclude that right has no origin whatsoever, other than mere instances.Nonetheless, if this notion of justice is not related to right, , then it can only be poeticinsofar as it has nothing to do with calculation, nor with possibility

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Daniel Omar Perez
University of Campinas

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