Dual Function of DNA Sequences: Protein-Coding Sequences Function as Transcriptional Enhancers

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Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 58 (2):182-195 (2015)
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Abstract

The human genome consists of more than 3 billion base pairs built from four different nucleotides that hold the genetic information for the entire organism. The genome is commonly divided into coding and noncoding DNA sequences, with coding DNA sequences defined as those that can be transcribed into mRNA and translated into proteins, or genes. The genetic code determines the impact of a nucleotide change in a gene on the protein sequence and function, and it is essential to understanding the genetic basis of many congenital diseases. The Human Genome Project has accelerated our understanding about the genome function. We now know that our genome consists of 20,000–25,000 genes that occupy only..

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10.1353/pbm.2015.0026

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