Legitimadad de las opciones no teístas en la filosofía de Xavier Zubiri

The Xavier Zubiri Review 11:47-54 (2009)
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Abstract

Zubiri argues that the problem of God, which every human confronts due to the power thatrealitiy exercises over him, has various solutions. But fundamentally there are just two:theism, which implies faith; and non-theistic attitudes, which are choices realized atdifferent levels of the intellective and/or volitional processes with respect to the enigma ofthe power of the real. Zubiri also establishes a distinction between atheism, or the theismof the “useless” pagan gods, common in classical antiquity, and all other non-theisticchoices: agnosticism, indiferentism, and “atheistic life”—which are different responses tothe problem of grounding. These latter, while mistaken in their philosophical systems, arelegitimate because they are grounded on a fact of experience to which every human issubjected: he does not know if the power of the real will compel him to arrive at anabsolutely absolute reality.Zubiri sostiene que el problema de Dios, que se le plantea a todo hombre desde elapoderamiento que la realidad ejerce sobre él, tiene diversas soluciones. Fundamentalmente dos: el teísmo—que implica la fe—y las posturas no teístas, opciones realizadas en distintos niveles del proceso intelectivo y/o volitivo ante el enigma del poder de lo real. Establece, además, una distinción entre el ateísmo, o teísmo de los dioses ociosos, vigente ya enla Antigüedad clásica, y las otras opciones no teístas: agnosticismo, indiferentismo, y “vidaatea”, respuestas diversas ante el problema de la fundamentalidad. Éstas, aunque resultenerróneas en su sistema filosófico, son legítimas porque se fundamentan en un hecho deexperiencia al que el hombre se ve sometido: no sabe si el poder de lo real lo fuerza, o no, allegar a una realidad absolutamente absoluta

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