Kantova teleologija kao podloga orijentiranju u ekologiji

Filozofska Istrazivanja 31 (2):299-309 (2011)
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Abstract

Kantova je teleološka teorija, izložena u drugom dijelu Kritike moći suđenja, nezasluženo dobila slabu recepciju. Jedna je od mogućih plodnih valorizacija te teorije pokušaj njene bioetičke interpretacije. Kantov »produljeni argument«, koji ga od unutarnje svrhovitosti organizama vodi do prirode kao sustava svrha te naposljetku do posljednje i njoj odgovarajuće krajnje svrhe tog sustava, postavlja plodan teren za uspostavljanje važnih bioetičkih poruka vezanih uz ekologiju, i to barem kroz dva momenta. Ljudi moralne svrhe mogu postizati isključivo unutar prirode te samo s obzirom na moralne svrhe tu istu prirodu jedino i koristiti kao sredstvo. Priroda je toliko isprepleten i povezan sustav da čovjek ne smije umišljati mogućnost zahvaćanja svih posljedica koje njegov čin može prouzročiti, a kamoli sposobnost kontroliranja tih posljedica, nego mora biti što umjereniji u svim intervencijama u okoliš. Ove nam poruke pružaju značajan doprinos u gradnji orijentacijskog okvira za pristupanje okolišu.Kant’s teleological theory, presented in the second part of Critique of Judgment, undeservedly received little reception. A possible fruitful valorization of this theory is an attempt of its bioethical interpretation. Kant’s “extended argument” lead him from internal purposivness of organisms to the nature as a system of ends, and finally to the ultimate and final end. This argument sets fruitful ground for the establishment of important bioethical messages related to ecology, through at least two moments. People can achieve moral ends exclusively within nature, and use this same nature as a mean only with respect to the moral ends. Nature is so interwoven and interconnected system that one can not conceit the possibility of comprehending all consequences of his act, let alone the ability to control these consequences, but one must be moderate in all interventions in the environment. These messages give us a significant contribution to the formation of orientational framework for accessing the environment

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