Abstract

This article revisits one of the threats that Raphael Lemkin envisioned when he coined the term "genocide" - infectious diseases. Specifically, the article examines whether the spread of infectious diseases can constitute the requisite actus reus and mens rea of genocide under Article 6 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, as adopted from the Genocide Convention. The article examines and distinguishes relevant case law of the International Criminal Tribunals for Yugoslavia and Rwanda, decisions of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and decisions of domestic courts. The article concludes that the deliberate spread of infectious diseases can fall within the prohibited acts of genocide but that proving the special intent will be difficult due to evidentiary requirements and the ability of defendants to assert plausible intervening causes.