Not only today, but also in the 18th century the question whether human history reveals moral progress, is widely discussed. In one of his last writings, the second part of The Contest of Faculties: 'A Renewed Attempt to Answer the Question: Is the Human Race Continually Improving?' (1797), Kant answers this question affirmatively. His main reason for this answer resides in the so-called 'historical sign' (Geschichtszeichen), which proves, as Kant writes, the moral tendency of the human race. In this ‘historical (...) sign’ both the French Revolution and the enthusiasm displayed by those who witnessed this event, play an important role. In this article the author evaluates these two elements and tries to assess their value. Contrary to the interpretation of Arendt and Lyotar,he argues that according to Kant there can only be progress in history by establishing legal relations among citizens and nations. In view of this process the principles of the French Revolution are crucially important. (shrink)