Compared with the large number of studies on reading of children with hearing loss in alphabetic languages, there are only a very limited number of studies on reading of Chinese-speaking children with HL. It remains unclear how phonological, orthographic, and semantic skills contribute to reading fluency of Chinese school-age children with HL. The present study explored this issue by examining the performances of children with HL on reading fluency and three linguistic skills compared with matched controls with normal hearing. Specifically, (...) twenty-eight children with HL and 28 chronological-age-matched children with NH were tested on word/sentence reading fluency, phonological awareness which was composed of onset/vowel/lexical tone awareness, orthographic knowledge, and semantic competence which comprised animal word identification, pseudo-homophone detection, and word segmentation. Results showed that children with HL lagged behind their peers with NH in WRF/SRF and most of the phonological, orthographic, and semantic subskills except onset awareness and pseudo-homophone detection. Furthermore, the significant contributors to WRF differed between the two groups with PA being the significant contributor in the children with NH while OK being the significant contributor in the children with HL. However, the significant contributor to SRF did not differ between the two groups with SC being the only significant contributor. These results revealed not only between-group differences but also similarities in the relative contributions of PA, OK, and SC to reading fluency at both word and sentence levels, which has practical implications for developing better training programs to improve reading for children with HL. (shrink)

Dragon boat sport is a traditional activity in China. In recent years, dragon boat sport has become more and more popular around the world. In order to face more challenges, it is urgent for athletes to enhance their own strength. Scientific training methods are particularly important for athletes, and accurate training data are the basis to support scientific training. Traditional mathematical statistic methods neither can sample signals accurately nor can they do real-time analysis and feedback the characteristics to each athlete. (...) In this paper, we use the wearable device with a triaxial accelerometer and heart rate sensor builtin to sample the speed signals and heart rate signals of athletes in various stages of men’s 1000m straight race. Based on the complex network theory, we regard the 23 dragon boat athletes in the dragon boat race as 23 nodes so as to establish a network with 23 nodes and reflect the importance of nodes by measuring the impact of node deletion on the results of the race. The neural network multilayer perceptron model is used for training to obtain the optimal combined value with speed and heart rate for each race stage. The optimal value will be used in the simulated race as the target value to verify if it can help to improve the training efficiency. Experimental results show that the optimal value obtained by this method has a positive effect on the results of the dragon boat race which is beneficial to sports training and tactics planning. (shrink)

When navigating in a new environment, it is typical for people to resort to external guidance such as GPS, or people. However, in the real world, even though navigators have learned the route, they may still prefer to travel with external guidance. We explored how the availability of feedback and the source of external guidance affect navigation decision-making on experienced routes in the presence of external guidance. In three experiments, participants navigated a simulated route three times and then verbally confirmed (...) that they had learned it. They then travelled the same route again, accompanied with no, correct, or incorrect direction guidance, which latter two were provided by a GPS (Exp.1), a stranger (Exp.2), or a friend (Exp.3). Half of the participants received immediate feedback on their navigation decisions, while the other half without feedback did not know if they had selected the correct directions. Generally, without feedback, participants relied on external guidance, regardless of the direction sources. Results also showed that participants trusted the GPS the most, but performed best with their friends as a direction source. With feedback, participants did not show differences in performance between the correct and incorrect guidance conditions, indicating that feedback plays a critical role in evaluating the reliability of external guidance. Our findings suggest that incorrect guidance without any feedback might disturb navigation decision-making, which was further moderated by the perceived credibility of direction sources. We discuss these results within the context of navigation decision-making theory and consider implications for wayfinding behaviors as a social activity. (shrink)

本书对地球生命的创始、人类的起源、生命进化的模式,以及死亡灭绝的循环,人类未来的发展方向等,有大量全新的见解.

Interpersonal preemptive behavior means that a party undertakes a costly action that inflicts harm to another to remove or disable a potential threat. This present study examined the emotional mechanisms underlying interpersonal preemptive behavior. The findings revealed that in interpersonal interaction situations, individuals experienced higher levels of fear and hope when they perceived the potential threat of the gaming partner and were more likely to initiate preemptive behavior; fear and hope both mediated the relationship between potential threat and preemptive behavior, (...) but they had opposite effects, with fear increasing individuals’ preemptive behavior, while hope decreases individuals’ preemptive behavior. This study has important theoretical implications for a deeper understanding of the causes of interpersonal conflict. (shrink)

This paper addresses the robust output feedback model predictive control schemes for networked control systems with input quantization. The logarithmic quantizer is considered in this paper, and the sector bound approach is applied, which appropriately treats the quantization error as a sector-bounded uncertainty. The presented method involves an offline designed state observer using linear matrix inequality and online robust output feedback MPC algorithms which optimize one free control move followed by the output feedback using the estimated state. Moreover, due to (...) the uncertainty of estimation error, a technique of refreshing the bound of estimation error which involves the quantization error is provided so as to guarantee the recursive feasibility of the optimization problem. The proposed MPC schemes inherit the characteristics of the synthesis approach of MPC, guaranteeing the recursive feasibility of the optimization problem and the stability of a closed-loop system, and explicitly account for quantization error. Two simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. (shrink)

本书收入海内外25位学者的研究成果，重点探讨了“东亚价值与东亚共同体的构建”、“东亚价值与东亚世界秩序”、“东亚价值与现代社会建设”、“是否存在一个‘亚洲价值观’”、“东亚环境观和可持续发展”等问题， 提出了许多值得关注的新见解。.

Previous work has shown that children with dyslexia are impaired in speech recognition in adverse listening conditions. Our study further examined how semantic context and fundamental frequency contours contribute to word recognition against interfering speech in dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. Thirty-two children with dyslexia and 35 chronological-age-matched control children were tested on the recognition of words in normal sentences versus wordlist sentences with natural versus flat F0 contours against single-talker interference. The dyslexic children had overall poorer recognition performance than non-dyslexic (...) children. Furthermore, semantic context differentially modulated the effect of F0 contours on the recognition performances of the two groups. Specifically, compared with flat F0 contours, natural F0 contours increased the recognition accuracy of dyslexic children less than non-dyslexic children in the wordlist condition. By contrast, natural F0 contours increased the recognition accuracy of both groups to a similar extent in the sentence condition. These results indicate that access to semantic context improves the effect of natural F0 contours on word recognition in adverse listening conditions by dyslexic children who are more impaired in the use of natural F0 contours during isolated and unrelated word recognition. Our findings have practical implications for communication with dyslexic children when listening conditions are unfavorable. (shrink)