The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: Moral judgment:cognitivism

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Meta-ethics:moral realism0.562
moral realism moral anti-realism
cognitivism
75.4%(465/616)
18.9%(117/616)
non-cognitivism
11.6%(20/171)
82.4%(141/171)
Response pairs: 857   p-value: < 0.001
Aesthetic value:objective0.32
objective subjective
cognitivism
54.9%(333/606)
31.3%(190/606)
non-cognitivism
21.3%(37/173)
65.3%(113/173)
Response pairs: 844   p-value: < 0.001
Laws of nature:non-Humean0.269
non-Humean Humean
cognitivism
68.9%(402/583)
22.1%(129/583)
non-cognitivism
45.9%(79/172)
45.3%(78/172)
Response pairs: 822   p-value: < 0.001
Science:scientific realism0.257
scientific realism scientific anti-realism
cognitivism
83.6%(510/610)
10.6%(65/610)
non-cognitivism
64.1%(111/173)
30%(52/173)
Response pairs: 854   p-value: < 0.001
Abstract objects:Platonism0.24
Platonism nominalism
cognitivism
48.5%(291/599)
41.7%(250/599)
non-cognitivism
22.4%(39/174)
66.6%(116/174)
Response pairs: 840   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge:rationalism0.234
rationalism empiricism
cognitivism
41.3%(255/617)
36.6%(226/617)
non-cognitivism
20.5%(36/175)
58.8%(103/175)
Response pairs: 866   p-value: < 0.001
A priori knowledge:yes0.207
no yes
cognitivism
15%(93/618)
78.4%(485/618)
non-cognitivism
30.6%(53/173)
61.2%(106/173)
Response pairs: 865   p-value: < 0.001
Metaphilosophy:non-naturalism0.197
non-naturalism naturalism
cognitivism
34%(198/582)
51.7%(301/582)
non-cognitivism
19%(32/168)
70.2%(118/168)
Response pairs: 816   p-value: < 0.001
Truth:correspondence0.19
correspondence not correspondence
cognitivism
60%(349/581)
34.2%(199/581)
non-cognitivism
41.6%(70/168)
54.7%(92/168)
Response pairs: 817   p-value: < 0.001
Moral motivation:externalism0.174
externalism internalism
cognitivism
44.1%(239/541)
41.4%(224/541)
non-cognitivism
24.1%(35/145)
56.5%(82/145)
Response pairs: 745   p-value: < 0.001
Free will:libertarianism0.174
libertarianism not libertarianism
cognitivism
17.7%(108/607)
74.2%(451/607)
non-cognitivism
4%(7/174)
88.5%(154/174)
Response pairs: 853   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge claims:invariantism0.15
invariantism not invariantism
cognitivism
41.9%(229/546)
48.1%(263/546)
non-cognitivism
23.3%(36/154)
65.5%(101/154)
Response pairs: 763   p-value: < 0.001
not Truth:deflationary0.147
deflationary not deflationary
cognitivism
23.2%(135/581)
71%(413/581)
non-cognitivism
39.8%(67/168)
56.5%(95/168)
Response pairs: 817   p-value: < 0.001
not Zombies:inconceivable0.139
inconceivable not inconceivable
cognitivism
15.3%(86/562)
73.1%(411/562)
non-cognitivism
22.9%(36/157)
62.4%(98/157)
Response pairs: 781   p-value: < 0.001
Time:A-theory0.138
A-theory B-theory
cognitivism
33.5%(131/390)
44.6%(174/390)
non-cognitivism
21.3%(25/117)
52.9%(62/117)
Response pairs: 552   p-value: 0.001
not Knowledge claims:relativism0.137
relativism not relativism
cognitivism
2%(11/546)
88%(481/546)
non-cognitivism
7.1%(11/154)
81.8%(126/154)
Response pairs: 763   p-value: < 0.001
God:theism0.127
theism atheism
cognitivism
16.9%(104/614)
75.2%(462/614)
non-cognitivism
7.9%(14/177)
84.1%(149/177)
Response pairs: 864   p-value: < 0.001
Mind:non-physicalism0.124
physicalism non-physicalism
cognitivism
55.1%(341/618)
33.6%(208/618)
non-cognitivism
66%(115/174)
26.4%(46/174)
Response pairs: 865   p-value: < 0.001
not Normative ethics:consequentialism0.122
consequentialism not consequentialism
cognitivism
25.2%(138/546)
63.5%(347/546)
non-cognitivism
33.9%(52/153)
50.9%(78/153)
Response pairs: 759   p-value: < 0.001
Analytic-synthetic distinction:yes0.121
yes no
cognitivism
68.7%(425/618)
26%(161/618)
non-cognitivism
61.7%(110/178)
32.5%(58/178)
Response pairs: 867   p-value: < 0.001
Normative ethics:deontology0.107
deontology not deontology
cognitivism
35.1%(192/546)
53.6%(293/546)
non-cognitivism
22.8%(35/153)
62%(95/153)
Response pairs: 759   p-value: 0.003
not External world:skepticism0.105
skepticism not skepticism
cognitivism
3.7%(23/616)
93.6%(577/616)
non-cognitivism
7.4%(13/174)
88.5%(154/174)
Response pairs: 862   p-value: 0.002
not Knowledge claims:contextualism0.105
contextualism not contextualism
cognitivism
43.7%(239/546)
46.3%(253/546)
non-cognitivism
57.7%(89/154)
31.1%(48/154)
Response pairs: 763   p-value: 0.003
not Free will:compatibilism0.104
compatibilism not compatibilism
cognitivism
60.1%(365/607)
31.9%(194/607)
non-cognitivism
68.3%(119/174)
24.1%(42/174)
Response pairs: 853   p-value: 0.002
Mental content:externalism0.103
externalism internalism
cognitivism
64%(371/579)
24.1%(140/579)
non-cognitivism
52.4%(86/164)
31%(51/164)
Response pairs: 813   p-value: 0.003
External world:non-skeptical realism0.101
non-skeptical realism not non-skeptical realism
cognitivism
85.7%(528/616)
11.6%(72/616)
non-cognitivism
79.3%(138/174)
16.6%(29/174)
Response pairs: 862   p-value: 0.002
Personal identity:further-fact view0.088
further-fact view not further-fact view
cognitivism
18%(99/549)
65%(357/549)
non-cognitivism
6.9%(11/159)
69.8%(111/159)
Response pairs: 771   p-value: 0.014
Logic:classical0.073
non-classical classical
cognitivism
21.5%(119/551)
64%(353/551)
non-cognitivism
27.3%(40/146)
60.9%(89/146)
Response pairs: 757   p-value: 0.044
not Free will:no free will0.063
no free will free will
cognitivism
11.3%(69/607)
80.7%(490/607)
non-cognitivism
17.2%(30/174)
75.2%(131/174)
Response pairs: 853   p-value: 0.065
Zombies:conceivable but not metaphysically possible0.062
conceivable but not metaphysically possible not conceivable but not metaphysically possible
cognitivism
43.4%(244/562)
45%(253/562)
non-cognitivism
34.3%(54/157)
50.9%(80/157)
Response pairs: 781   p-value: 0.083
not Politics:libertarianism0.051
libertarianism not libertarianism
cognitivism
11.5%(59/511)
72.6%(371/511)
non-cognitivism
14.5%(21/144)
67.3%(97/144)
Response pairs: 716   p-value: 0.172
not Truth:epistemic0.051
epistemic not epistemic
cognitivism
7%(41/581)
87.2%(507/581)
non-cognitivism
10.1%(17/168)
86.3%(145/168)
Response pairs: 817   p-value: 0.145

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
metasurvey:accuracy0.196
accuracy ≥ median accuracy < median
cognitivism
53.6%(80/149)
46.3%(69/149)
non-cognitivism
34.2%(12/35)
65.7%(23/35)
Response pairs: 201   p-value: 0.005
not AOS:Continental Philosophy0.167
Continental Philosophy not Continental Philosophy
cognitivism
1.1%(7/623)
98.8%(616/623)
non-cognitivism
7.8%(14/178)
92.1%(164/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Normative Ethics0.149
Normative Ethics not Normative Ethics
cognitivism
18.7%(117/623)
81.2%(506/623)
non-cognitivism
7.8%(14/178)
92.1%(164/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:General Philosophy of Science0.126
General Philosophy of Science not General Philosophy of Science
cognitivism
8.5%(53/623)
91.4%(570/623)
non-cognitivism
15.7%(28/178)
84.2%(150/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Hume0.122
Hume not Hume
cognitivism
12.5%(78/623)
87.4%(545/623)
non-cognitivism
24.1%(43/178)
75.8%(135/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Philosophy of Biology0.116
Philosophy of Biology not Philosophy of Biology
cognitivism
2.5%(16/623)
97.4%(607/623)
non-cognitivism
7.8%(14/178)
92.1%(164/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Philosophy of Religion0.112
Philosophy of Religion not Philosophy of Religion
cognitivism
6.7%(42/623)
93.2%(581/623)
non-cognitivism
2.2%(4/178)
97.7%(174/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Nietzsche0.108
Nietzsche not Nietzsche
cognitivism
1.4%(9/623)
98.5%(614/623)
non-cognitivism
5.6%(10/178)
94.3%(168/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.001
xian:Aristotle0.103
Aristotle not Aristotle
cognitivism
14.4%(90/623)
85.5%(533/623)
non-cognitivism
6.1%(11/178)
93.8%(167/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.002
AOS:Ancient Greek Philosophy0.102
Ancient Greek Philosophy not Ancient Greek Philosophy
cognitivism
8.1%(51/623)
91.8%(572/623)
non-cognitivism
2.2%(4/178)
97.7%(174/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.002
not AOS:Philosophy of Physical Science0.101
Philosophy of Physical Science not Philosophy of Physical Science
cognitivism
4.4%(28/623)
95.5%(595/623)
non-cognitivism
10.6%(19/178)
89.3%(159/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.002
not AOS:20th Century Philosophy0.1
20th Century Philosophy not 20th Century Philosophy
cognitivism
3.8%(24/623)
96.1%(599/623)
non-cognitivism
7.8%(14/178)
92.1%(164/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.003
tradition:analytic0.091
analytic continental
cognitivism
89.7%(559/623)
2.8%(18/623)
non-cognitivism
84.8%(151/178)
6.1%(11/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.007
not xian:Heidegger0.089
Heidegger not Heidegger
cognitivism
0.6%(4/623)
99.3%(619/623)
non-cognitivism
2.8%(5/178)
97.1%(173/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.008
not AOS:Logic and Philosophy of Logic0.085
Logic and Philosophy of Logic not Logic and Philosophy of Logic
cognitivism
8.1%(51/623)
91.8%(572/623)
non-cognitivism
10.6%(19/178)
89.3%(159/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.011
not xian:Wittgenstein0.082
Wittgenstein not Wittgenstein
cognitivism
6.7%(42/623)
93.2%(581/623)
non-cognitivism
8.9%(16/178)
91%(162/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.015
not xian:Quine0.077
Quine not Quine
cognitivism
5.6%(35/623)
94.3%(588/623)
non-cognitivism
8.9%(16/178)
91%(162/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.022
xian:Plato0.072
Plato not Plato
cognitivism
4.9%(31/623)
95%(592/623)
non-cognitivism
2.2%(4/178)
97.7%(174/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.033
AOS:Meta-Ethics0.071
Meta-Ethics not Meta-Ethics
cognitivism
12.5%(78/623)
87.4%(545/623)
non-cognitivism
10.1%(18/178)
89.8%(160/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.035
not AOS:Philosophy of Social Science0.069
Philosophy of Social Science not Philosophy of Social Science
cognitivism
1.9%(12/623)
98%(611/623)
non-cognitivism
3.9%(7/178)
96%(171/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.041
xian:Moore0.068
Moore not Moore
cognitivism
3.6%(23/623)
96.3%(600/623)
non-cognitivism
1.6%(3/178)
98.3%(175/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.044
not xian:Carnap0.066
Carnap not Carnap
cognitivism
4%(25/623)
95.9%(598/623)
non-cognitivism
6.7%(12/178)
93.2%(166/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.05
not AOS:Aesthetics0.065
Aesthetics not Aesthetics
cognitivism
3.3%(21/623)
96.6%(602/623)
non-cognitivism
6.7%(12/178)
93.2%(166/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.054
AOS:Metaphysics0.062
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
cognitivism
26.9%(168/623)
73%(455/623)
non-cognitivism
21.9%(39/178)
78%(139/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.066
not AOS:17th/18th Century Philosophy0.053
17th/18th Century Philosophy not 17th/18th Century Philosophy
cognitivism
10.5%(66/623)
89.4%(557/623)
non-cognitivism
15.7%(28/178)
84.2%(150/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.117
xian:Locke0.051
Locke not Locke
cognitivism
4.3%(27/623)
95.6%(596/623)
non-cognitivism
2.2%(4/178)
97.7%(174/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.131
AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.051
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
cognitivism
11.7%(73/623)
88.2%(550/623)
non-cognitivism
8.4%(15/178)
91.5%(163/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.131

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
phd_region:United States0.089
United States not United States
cognitivism
56%(349/623)
43.9%(274/623)
non-cognitivism
46%(82/178)
53.9%(96/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.008
year_of_phd0.087
year_of_phd ≥ median year_of_phd < median
cognitivism
52.8%(256/484)
47.1%(228/484)
non-cognitivism
42.8%(57/133)
57.1%(76/133)
Response pairs: 673   p-value: 0.024
not nationality_region:Europe0.085
Europe not Europe
cognitivism
10.2%(64/623)
89.7%(559/623)
non-cognitivism
17.4%(31/178)
82.5%(147/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.011
gender:male0.076
male female
cognitivism
82.9%(487/587)
17%(100/587)
non-cognitivism
77.4%(134/173)
22.5%(39/173)
Response pairs: 829   p-value: 0.028
not phd_region:Europe0.072
Europe not Europe
cognitivism
4.3%(27/623)
95.6%(596/623)
non-cognitivism
8.4%(15/178)
91.5%(163/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.033
nationality_region:United States0.069
United States not United States
cognitivism
53.6%(334/623)
46.3%(289/623)
non-cognitivism
45.5%(81/178)
54.4%(97/178)
Response pairs: 875   p-value: 0.041
year_of_birth0.056
year_of_birth ≥ median year_of_birth < median
cognitivism
53.3%(310/581)
46.6%(271/581)
non-cognitivism
42.6%(72/169)
57.3%(97/169)
Response pairs: 819   p-value: 0.109
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