The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: Analytic-synthetic distinction:no

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
A priori knowledge:no0.444
yes no
no
44%(112/254)
44.4%(113/254)
yes
85.4%(516/604)
9.9%(60/604)
Response pairs: 910   p-value: < 0.001
Metaphilosophy:naturalism0.211
non-naturalism naturalism
no
18.2%(43/235)
71.4%(168/235)
yes
34.2%(193/564)
50%(282/564)
Response pairs: 848   p-value: < 0.001
Meta-ethics:moral anti-realism0.192
moral realism moral anti-realism
no
45.1%(112/248)
45.9%(114/248)
yes
64.9%(382/588)
28.2%(166/588)
Response pairs: 887   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge:empiricism0.182
rationalism empiricism
no
25.1%(64/254)
56.2%(143/254)
yes
40.3%(244/604)
36.5%(221/604)
Response pairs: 910   p-value: < 0.001
not Zombies:metaphysically possible0.174
metaphysically possible not metaphysically possible
no
16.2%(36/221)
70.1%(155/221)
yes
31.7%(175/551)
55.1%(304/551)
Response pairs: 818   p-value: < 0.001
not Laws of nature:non-Humean0.166
non-Humean Humean
no
48.9%(116/237)
38.8%(92/237)
yes
67.5%(385/570)
24.9%(142/570)
Response pairs: 858   p-value: < 0.001
Science:scientific anti-realism0.153
scientific realism scientific anti-realism
no
70.9%(178/251)
21.5%(54/251)
yes
81.6%(486/595)
12.7%(76/595)
Response pairs: 897   p-value: < 0.001
Abstract objects:nominalism0.141
Platonism nominalism
no
32.2%(81/251)
58.1%(146/251)
yes
46.3%(270/583)
44.2%(258/583)
Response pairs: 885   p-value: < 0.001
not Truth:correspondence0.128
correspondence not correspondence
no
45.4%(109/240)
50.8%(122/240)
yes
59.8%(345/576)
34.5%(199/576)
Response pairs: 858   p-value: < 0.001
Mental content:externalism0.127
internalism externalism
no
17.5%(41/234)
70.5%(165/234)
yes
30.9%(176/569)
55.7%(317/569)
Response pairs: 851   p-value: < 0.001
not Knowledge claims:invariantism0.114
invariantism not invariantism
no
30.9%(68/220)
61.3%(135/220)
yes
40.1%(212/528)
47.9%(253/528)
Response pairs: 793   p-value: 0.001
not Free will:libertarianism0.111
libertarianism not libertarianism
no
8.1%(20/246)
84.9%(209/246)
yes
16.9%(100/589)
73.8%(435/589)
Response pairs: 888   p-value: < 0.001
not Moral judgment:cognitivism0.103
cognitivism non-cognitivism
no
66.8%(161/241)
22.8%(55/241)
yes
74.1%(425/573)
19.7%(113/573)
Response pairs: 867   p-value: 0.002
Zombies:inconceivable0.101
inconceivable not inconceivable
no
24.8%(55/221)
61.5%(136/221)
yes
15.4%(85/551)
71.5%(394/551)
Response pairs: 818   p-value: 0.003
Truth:deflationary0.101
deflationary not deflationary
no
33.7%(81/240)
62.5%(150/240)
yes
24.1%(139/576)
70.3%(405/576)
Response pairs: 858   p-value: 0.003
Epistemic justification:externalism0.095
internalism externalism
no
27.3%(66/241)
58.9%(142/241)
yes
36.1%(207/573)
44.6%(256/573)
Response pairs: 860   p-value: 0.005
not Perceptual experience:qualia theory0.092
qualia theory not qualia theory
no
14.2%(28/196)
72.9%(143/196)
yes
17.2%(83/481)
67.7%(326/481)
Response pairs: 712   p-value: 0.014
not Normative ethics:deontology0.088
deontology not deontology
no
21.8%(48/220)
62.7%(138/220)
yes
34.6%(181/522)
54%(282/522)
Response pairs: 790   p-value: 0.013
Normative ethics:virtue ethics0.085
virtue ethics not virtue ethics
no
26.8%(59/220)
57.7%(127/220)
yes
19.1%(100/522)
69.5%(363/522)
Response pairs: 790   p-value: 0.016
Mind:physicalism0.082
non-physicalism physicalism
no
22.8%(58/254)
65.7%(167/254)
yes
30.6%(185/604)
59.1%(357/604)
Response pairs: 910   p-value: 0.013
God:atheism0.078
theism atheism
no
10.2%(26/253)
81.8%(207/253)
yes
16.8%(101/600)
75.1%(451/600)
Response pairs: 906   p-value: 0.018
Proper names:Millian0.068
Fregean Millian
no
28.5%(61/214)
52.8%(113/214)
yes
39.7%(208/523)
46.4%(243/523)
Response pairs: 779   p-value: 0.057
not Politics:communitarianism0.065
communitarianism not communitarianism
no
17.7%(38/214)
70%(150/214)
yes
18.4%(90/489)
62.7%(307/489)
Response pairs: 741   p-value: 0.077
Time:B-theory0.062
A-theory B-theory
no
24.5%(37/151)
50.9%(77/151)
yes
31.8%(126/396)
45.4%(180/396)
Response pairs: 580   p-value: 0.135
not Perceptual experience:sense-datum theory0.06
sense-datum theory not sense-datum theory
no
2.5%(5/196)
84.6%(166/196)
yes
4.7%(23/481)
80.2%(386/481)
Response pairs: 712   p-value: 0.109
Truth:epistemic0.059
epistemic not epistemic
no
11.6%(28/240)
84.5%(203/240)
yes
5.9%(34/576)
88.5%(510/576)
Response pairs: 858   p-value: 0.084
Trolley problem:don't switch0.058
switch don't switch
no
73.9%(182/246)
13.8%(34/246)
yes
74.6%(419/561)
11%(62/561)
Response pairs: 855   p-value: 0.09
not External world:non-skeptical realism0.055
non-skeptical realism not non-skeptical realism
no
79.9%(199/249)
15.6%(39/249)
yes
84.9%(512/603)
12.1%(73/603)
Response pairs: 905   p-value: 0.098
Free will:no free will0.053
no free will free will
no
15.8%(39/246)
77.2%(190/246)
yes
12%(71/589)
78.7%(464/589)
Response pairs: 888   p-value: 0.114
Knowledge claims:contextualism0.052
contextualism not contextualism
no
52.2%(115/220)
40%(88/220)
yes
43.7%(231/528)
44.3%(234/528)
Response pairs: 793   p-value: 0.143
Logic:non-classical0.051
classical non-classical
no
64.3%(141/219)
21.4%(47/219)
yes
67.7%(364/537)
18%(97/537)
Response pairs: 798   p-value: 0.15

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
xian:Quine0.212
Quine not Quine
no
14.1%(36/255)
85.8%(219/255)
yes
3.4%(21/611)
96.5%(590/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: < 0.001
metasurvey:accuracy-0.182
accuracy ≥ median accuracy < median
no
41.2%(26/63)
58.7%(37/63)
yes
54.6%(76/139)
45.3%(63/139)
Response pairs: 209   p-value: 0.008
not xian:Frege0.123
Frege not Frege
no
3.9%(10/255)
96%(245/255)
yes
9.4%(58/611)
90.5%(553/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: < 0.001
AOS:Philosophy of Cognitive Science0.119
Philosophy of Cognitive Science not Philosophy of Cognitive Science
no
10.5%(27/255)
89.4%(228/255)
yes
4.2%(26/611)
95.7%(585/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Metaphysics0.117
Metaphysics not Metaphysics
no
18.8%(48/255)
81.1%(207/255)
yes
28.3%(173/611)
71.6%(438/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Davidson0.107
Davidson not Davidson
no
8.6%(22/255)
91.3%(233/255)
yes
4.2%(26/611)
95.7%(585/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.001
AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.094
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
no
15.2%(39/255)
84.7%(216/255)
yes
8.5%(52/611)
91.4%(559/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.004
xian:Mill0.082
Mill not Mill
no
7%(18/255)
92.9%(237/255)
yes
3.1%(19/611)
96.8%(592/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.012
AOS:Philosophy of Social Science0.078
Philosophy of Social Science not Philosophy of Social Science
no
3.9%(10/255)
96%(245/255)
yes
1.4%(9/611)
98.5%(602/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.017
AOS:Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality0.077
Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality not Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality
no
3.5%(9/255)
96.4%(246/255)
yes
1.1%(7/611)
98.8%(604/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.019
not xian:Husserl0.077
Husserl not Husserl
no
~0.3%(~1/255)
~99.6%(~254/255)
yes
1.4%(9/611)
98.5%(602/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.019
not xian:Kant0.077
Kant not Kant
no
8.6%(22/255)
91.3%(233/255)
yes
13.5%(83/611)
86.4%(528/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.019
xian:Rawls0.075
Rawls not Rawls
no
6.2%(16/255)
93.7%(239/255)
yes
3.2%(20/611)
96.7%(591/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.022
AOS:Philosophy of Biology0.075
Philosophy of Biology not Philosophy of Biology
no
6.2%(16/255)
93.7%(239/255)
yes
3.1%(19/611)
96.8%(592/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.022
AOS:Philosophy of Physical Science0.071
Philosophy of Physical Science not Philosophy of Physical Science
no
8.6%(22/255)
91.3%(233/255)
yes
5.2%(32/611)
94.7%(579/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.031
not AOS:Meta-Ethics0.069
Meta-Ethics not Meta-Ethics
no
6.2%(16/255)
93.7%(239/255)
yes
13%(80/611)
86.9%(531/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.036
xian:Nietzsche0.067
Nietzsche not Nietzsche
no
3.5%(9/255)
96.4%(246/255)
yes
1.8%(11/611)
98.1%(600/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.042
not AOS:20th Century Philosophy0.055
20th Century Philosophy not 20th Century Philosophy
no
3.1%(8/255)
96.8%(247/255)
yes
5%(31/611)
94.9%(580/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.095
not AOS:Philosophy of Law0.052
Philosophy of Law not Philosophy of Law
no
~0.3%(~1/255)
~99.6%(~254/255)
yes
3.4%(21/611)
96.5%(590/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.114

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
not affil:region:United Kingdom0.115
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
no
12.5%(32/255)
87.4%(223/255)
yes
23.4%(143/611)
76.5%(468/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: < 0.001
nationality_region:United States0.096
United States not United States
no
57.2%(146/255)
42.7%(109/255)
yes
47.4%(290/611)
52.5%(321/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.003
gender:female0.094
female male
no
23.3%(56/240)
76.6%(184/240)
yes
15.9%(93/584)
84%(491/584)
Response pairs: 873   p-value: 0.005
affil:region:United States0.085
United States not United States
no
65.4%(167/255)
34.5%(88/255)
yes
58.2%(356/611)
41.7%(255/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.009
year_of_phd-0.081
year_of_phd ≥ median year_of_phd < median
no
46.3%(94/203)
53.6%(109/203)
yes
53%(246/464)
46.9%(218/464)
Response pairs: 708   p-value: 0.031
not nationality_region:Australasia0.068
Australasia not Australasia
no
3.5%(9/255)
96.4%(246/255)
yes
6.7%(41/611)
93.2%(570/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.039
phd_region:United States0.063
United States not United States
no
58.4%(149/255)
41.5%(106/255)
yes
50.7%(310/611)
49.2%(301/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.056
not phd_region:Europe0.057
Europe not Europe
no
3.5%(9/255)
96.4%(246/255)
yes
5.8%(36/611)
94.1%(575/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.083
not nationality_region:Europe0.054
Europe not Europe
no
10.5%(27/255)
89.4%(228/255)
yes
14%(86/611)
85.9%(525/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.101
not affil:region:Australasia0.052
Australasia not Australasia
no
3.9%(10/255)
96%(245/255)
yes
6.7%(41/611)
93.2%(570/611)
Response pairs: 920   p-value: 0.114