So begins one of the most engaging, and variously controversial, musical scenes in Euripides. The Messenger's narrative of the Phantom Helen's disappearance has proved to Menelaus that the Helen standing before him is the real Helen, altogether innocent of elopement to Troy, from whom he has been sundered for seventeen laborious years. The ensuing embrace is developed in a duet which is followed without a break by the so-called ‘Interrogation’, the two together constituting the so-called ‘Recognition Duo’.

The author examines three fundamental concepts: existence, a priori knowledge, and value. These concepts have been recurrent concerns of western philosophy and also reveal important similarities and differences between the movements from which the author takes his departure.

La romancière ne sait pas de quoi relèvent les apparitions d’OVNI, mais elle aime le « point de bascule entre le présent et le possible » qu’offrent les rendez-vous mensuels des ufologues parisiens. Un dispositif poreux, proche de celui qu’elle met en place dans l’écriture pour imaginer ses histoires.

This posthumous publication attempts to answer the question of what moral code is the most reasonable. Philosophers often turn to consequentialism or deontological ethics to address this issue. As the author points out, each has valid arguments but each is unable to get the other side to agree. To rectify this, he proposes a third way. Inside, readers will discover a theory that tries to do justice to both sides. The author first details consequentialism and deontological ethics. He also explains (...) their fundamental conflict. One holds the view that you should do what has the best consequences. The other believes that there are actions which are wrong to do even if they have the best consequences. Next, the volume considers various ways to solve this conflict. Would rejecting one theory work? Or, is it possible to somehow reconcile them. The author shows why these solutions fail. He then goes on to present his own. The resulting contractual theory brings together the two opposing ethical convictions. It proposes that what is right and wrong depends on what norms people would agree to. Throughout, coverage explores the psychological, sociological, and historical background of the moral theories discussed. The reason is that moral theories are embedded in social and psychological contexts. They are better understood when the contexts are explicit. This key feature distinguishes the volume from other works in moral philosophy. At the time of his death in July 2011, Jan Österberg was close to completing this manuscript. It was taken up and fully completed by Erik Carlson and Ryszard Sliwinski, both of Uppsala University. (shrink)

La couturière à la Réunion : figure ou actrice sociale? Cet article aborde les stratégies professionnelles des femmes libres dans une société esclavagiste, Bourbon (La Réunion) en 1847, confrontée à la nécessité d’introduire le travail libre. Dans ce contexte, les femme sont perçues comme actrices du changement social. L’augmentation des déclarations de l’activité de couturière révèle aussi l’appropriation de nouvelles valeurs, soumises cependant aux contraintes du genre et de l’environnement servile.

This article considers the late 19th-century medical invention of the category of the homosexual in relation to homosexuality’s moment of deliverance from medicine in the 1970s, when it was removed as a category of mental aberration in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). With the rise of the AIDS pandemic in gay communities in the early 1980s, I argue that homosexuals were forcibly returned to the medical sphere, a process I call “the painful reunion.” Reading a collection of queer (...) narratives across the 20th century, I show that historical and contemporaneous medical events prompted the mobilization of seropositive and queer artists at century’s end to rehabilitate, revise, and offend the historiography of queer illness. Collectively, my conclusions redefine our understandings of queer theory and queer politics as distinctively 1990s projects invested in the present to ones that purposefully aim to challenge the past. (shrink)

Recently a growing number of biologists have begun to consider the causal role that processes of embryonic development may play in evolution. This constitutes a reunion of these phenomena which had been linked in the nineteenth century through Haeckel's biogenetic law. This reunion may result in a new subdiscipline of biology, if there is a set of unique concepts and methods which tie the various research approaches together. Such concepts as bauplan, canalization, and developmental constraint, may serve in (...) such a capacity. The methods employed must combine comparative and experimental analyses, with special attention paid to the range of variation in developmental events within each taxon. These concepts and methods are also applicable to the problem of how development evolved, thus the evolution of development may also be considered part of the reunion. The reunion is discussed in terms of the potential participation of various schools of thought found in the current literature. (shrink)

Este artículo explora cómo un grupo de enfermeros/as clínicos construye discursivamente sus posturas de expertos utilizando jerga médica mientras discuten sus prácticas profesionales y los casos de los pacientes en una clínica. Guiado por la tradición analítica discursiva de la sociolingüística interaccional, el análisis se basa en conversaciones naturales que han sido grabadas en audio y video durante cuatro reuniones clínicas en una institución de la salud en Nueva Zelanda. Este artículo muestra que el uso de la jerga médica juega (...) un papel vital en la construcción de posturas de expertos que observan las necesidades interactivas, y especialmente relacionales, de los participantes en estas reuniones clínicas. En particular, el artículo analiza el papel de la jerga médica en la construcción de las posturas expertas de los enfermeros/as clínicos cuando construyen alineaciones dentro del grupo, manejan la crítica profesional y manejan los desacuerdos en las interacciones entre pares. Las observaciones finales ofrecen reflexiones sobre el papel de la jerga médica en la construcción de la postura relacional de los enfermeros/as clínicos y la necesidad de investigar más a fondo el uso de la jerga especializada en otros contextos de comunicación entre pares. (shrink)

The central role of the virtue of compassion in the shaping of the professional character of healthcare providers is a well-emphasized fact. On the other hand, the utmost obligation of physicians is to alleviate or eliminate human suffering. Traditionally, according to the Aristotelian understanding of virtues and virtue ethics, human virtues have been associated with masculinity. In recent decades, the founders of the ethics of care have introduced a set of virtues with feminine nature. This paper analyzes the notion of (...) compassion as a common virtue between the traditional/masculine and care/feminine sets of virtues and shows that compassion is a reunion and merging point of both sets of human virtues. This role can be actualized through the development and promotion of compassion as an important part of the character of an ideal physician/healthcare provider. In addition, this paper argues that the notion of compassion can shed light on some important aspects of the contemporary debates on healthcare provider-patient relationship and medical futility. Despite the recent technological and scientific transformations in medicine, the interpersonal relationship between healthcare providers and patients still plays a vital role in pursuing the goals of healthcare. The virtue of compassion plays a central role in the establishment of a trust-based physician-patient relationship. This central role is discernible in the debate of medical futility in which making difficult decisions, depends largely on trust and rapport which are achievable by compassion in the physician and the recognition of this compassion by the patients and their surrogate decision makers. (shrink)

A fluent exposition and critical discussion of some recent thought on the existence of universals, the analysis of a priori statements, and the justification of ethical judgments and decisions, centered on the work of Russell, Moore, and the Positivists. The main criticisms draw heavily upon the author's earlier discussions of synonymity, a weakly articulated notion of explanatory utility, and a fruitful extension of Austin's analysis of performatory utterances. Mr. White suggests, but fails to develop, the view that ontology, epistemology, logic, (...) and ethics are intimately connected in any philosophical enterprise. --I. C. L. (shrink)

Résumé La lecture des quotidiens à La Réunion révèle la récurrence des crimes et délits sexuels intrafamiliaux, en particulier ceux commis par les pères et beaux-pères sur leurs filles et belles-filles mineures. Le passé colonial de l’île (esclavagisme, engagisme), les retards dans l’application de la départementalisation et la situation sociale difficile que connaît cette société créole ne peuvent seuls expliquer leur fréquence élevée. Analysant les 339 dossiers jugés aux assises sur la période 1980-2004, l’auteur montre qu’il est possible de discerner (...) trois modes de fonctionnement de l’agression sexuelle incestueuse impliquant le père ou le ti-père, la fille ou la belle-fille et la mère de ces dernières, et que, dans tous les cas, la mère apparaît comme l’un des personnages clés de ce drame familial. (shrink)

Résumé La lecture des quotidiens à La Réunion révèle la récurrence des crimes et délits sexuels intrafamiliaux, en particulier ceux commis par les pères et beaux-pères sur leurs filles et belles-filles mineures. Le passé colonial de l’île (esclavagisme, engagisme), les retards dans l’application de la départementalisation et la situation sociale difficile que connaît cette société créole ne peuvent seuls expliquer leur fréquence élevée. Analysant les 339 dossiers jugés aux assises sur la période 1980-2004, l’auteur montre qu’il est possible de discerner (...) trois modes de fonctionnement de l’agression sexuelle incestueuse impliquant le père ou le ti-père, la fille ou la belle-fille et la mère de ces dernières, et que, dans tous les cas, la mère apparaît comme l’un des personnages clés de ce drame familial. (shrink)

Centuries ago, Descartes and Locke initiated a foundational debate in epistemology over the relationship between knowledge, on the one hand, and practical factors, on the other. Descartes claimed that knowledge and practice are fundamentally separate. Locke claimed that knowledge and practice are fundamentally united. After a period of dormancy, their disagreement has reignited on the contemporary scene. Latter-day Lockeans claim that knowledge itself is essentially connected to, and perhaps even constituted by, practical factors such as how much is at stake, (...) how important the situation is, or how one should act. Latter-day Cartesians claim, by contrast, that knowledge is entirely constituted by truth-related factors such as truth, belief, and evidence. Each side has supported its case with claims about patterns in ordinary behavior and knowledge judgments. Lockeans argue that these patterns are best explained by positing a fundamental and direct link between knowledge and practical factors. Cartesians argue that the patterns can be equally well explained by positing an indirect link, entirely mediated by the traditional factors of truth, belief, and evidence, thereby rendering the Lockean hypothesis unnecessary. We argue that Cartesians are right about some practical factors, in particular stakes and how important a situation is, which have, at best, a modest indirect relationship to knowledge. However, Lockeans are right about actionability: whether a person should pursue a course of action is unquestionably very powerfully and directly connected to knowledge. (shrink)

En el curso de 1934/35 Heidegger se refiere a cuatro momentos esenciales del temple fundamental: desplazamiento hacia los límites del ente, inserción en la existencia histórica y arraigo en la tierra y el suelo natal, apertura del ente en conjunto como la unidad de un mundo, y fundación del ser. El artículo explora el vínculo de los cuatro momentos con las siguientes oposiciones: indigencia/disponibilidad, no-hogareño/hogareño, duelo/alegría, lejanía/cercanía y condición-de-oculto/condición-de-no-oculto. Se analiza esta quinta oposición en relación con las diversas modalidades en (...) que se manifiesta el ánimo. Las oposiciones pueden ser consideradas también rasgos distintivos del temple fundamental. Se interrelacionan, y, además, se despliegan siempre a partir de una intimidad fundamental que opera como un nexo en medio de los antagonismos. El énfasis está puesto en el curso de 1934/35 con referencias a ulteriores textos complementarios. (shrink)

Carlos J. Gómez-Ariza Dept. de Psicología, Universidad de Jaén, España Baeza, Jaén, 28-30 de septiembre de 2017 Queridos colegas: Es … Read More →.