t. 1. Filozofia starożytna i średniowieczna -- t. 2. Filozofia nowożytna do roku 1830 -- t. 3. Filozofia XIX wieku i współczesna.

-- v. 5. V. słownik, indeksy i bibliografia.

A Review of Paweł Sikora’s Pojęciowa treść percepcji w filozofii nowożytnej, Wyd. UMCS, Lublin 2016.

The article reviews the book Historia filozofii XX Wieku. Nurty [The History of 20th Century Philosophy: Currents], by Tadeusz Gadacz.

Although my book focuses primarily on individual political thinkers, it is written so that each chapter develops a theme arising from a previous one. It is three-dimensional, with the first dimension being chronology. The second dimension is found in recurring themes, such as human nature, different views of justice, the origin of society and law, the rise and development of various forms of government, the role of idealism and realism in international relations, and the sources of public authority and the (...) nature of legitimate sovereignty. The third dimension consists of topics, such as freedom, equality, power, authority, legitimacy, justice, sovereignty, happiness, natural law, and human rights. (shrink)

The academic History of Philosophy in Lithuania in three volumes will be published by the Institute of Culture, Philosophy and Art. The first presented volume covers the development of Lithuanian philosophy from the 16th to the 18th centuries. It includes late medieval and Renaissance philosophy, the second scholasticism and modern philosophy. The first Lithuanians to be introduced to philosophy were young members of the gentry who studied in European universities at the end of the 14th century. The recently baptized Lithuania (...) strove to adopt Western culture and to present itself as a Western state. Some graduated from the universities as bachelors or masters of philosophy and returned to their country. At the end of the 14th century, Vilnius Cathedral School was founded. The elements of logic were probably taught there. The growth of the political and economic power of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania brought about the need for higher education. That need was significantly increased by the growing activity of various religious orders. In 1507 the Dominicans started teaching philosophy and theology to their novices. They were able to teach late medieval philosophy in its thomistic interpretation. We can regard 1507 as the year Lithuania benefited form a new phenomenon, professional philosophy, and the Dominicans as its initiators. They taught not only the disciplines of late medieval philosophy but also the basics of the other sciences. The Dominicans, and later the Jesuits, Franciscans, Bernardines, Carmelites, Trinitarians and other monastic orders, enriched intellectual life in Lithuania by teaching philosophy in their schools. (shrink)

The article reviews the book Historia filozofii XX Wieku. Nurty [The History of 20th Century Philosophy: Currents], by Tadeusz Gadacz.

Modern and contemporary times have brought a juxtaposition and a peculiar rivalry between the positive law and man\'s freedom that have not been known earlier. This is accompanied not only by a tendency to give law and freedom autonomy, but also to separate them from man\'s nature, from real order of social life and from the moral dimension of human activities. The article undertakes an attempt at revealing the ostensible character of the antagonism between positive law formulated by man and (...) freedom. In the author\'s opinion, this antagonism, so distinct in modern conceptions referring to liberalism, anarchism, as well as to totalitarianism and collectivism and other trends — can be solved not by engaging in a discussion with participants of the dispute, but by showing the truth of reality itself, or by understanding the nature of human freedom itself and the nature of law itself. Thus the author of the present article claims that basic explanation of the relation of human freedom to positive law needs studying reality of law itself and reality of human freedom itself. Non-antagonistic character of the relation between positive law and human freedom was best shown and explained by St Thomas Aquinas (STh I-II, q. 90-97). (shrink)