PurposeGiven the digital transformation of service businesses by providing online food services and the influence of online reviews on consumers’ purchasing decisions, this study examines how service recovery attributes in different stages influence relationship marketing strategies, i.e., relationship quality and customer loyalty after service failure. This study is built upon a revised service recovery cycle model by accounting for three stages and their corresponding attributes; whereon a conceptual stage model of service recovery is proposed. This conceptual stage model incorporates stages (...) of service recovery, their respective attributes, and how they influence relationship marketing strategies.Design/methodology/approachAn online marketing company was employed for data collection in 2019, which resulted in 301 valid responses. A Structural Equation Model was conducted with all the data to test the relationships between the constructs. The individual measurement model was tested using the Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. A structural model was estimated using AMOS to test all the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that the attributes paired with the first two stages of service recovery can significantly influence consumer loyalty in a positive state. The findings also manifest the intermediary role that relationship quality has played in the association of service recovery and consumer loyalty, which implies that the food delivery businesses could attain a more comprehended relationship quality with consumers through active and timely compensatory service recovery consumer loyalty to the food businesses.Originality/valueThis study examines how these different stages of the service recovery cycle influence the decision-making of relationship marketing strategies on the prerequisite of service failure. This study aspires to expand the service recovery research by objectifying a conceptual stage model of service recovery, incorporating stages’ recovery attributes and how these recovery attributes reciprocally influence relationship quality and customer loyalty. (shrink)

We have studied five intersecting integrated geophysical profiles for the 3D crustal structure of the Lu -Zong ore district to obtain a better understanding of the metallogenesis and provide in-depth information for deep mineral targeting. The profiles, totaling more than 300 km, have reflection seismics and magnetotelluric sounding. Regional gravity surveys were also integrated into this study. New discoveries were obtained regarding the upper crustal structure and deformation based on the integrated analysis of these data. The Lu-Zong ore district consists (...) of four major crustal blocks. They are the Shaxi uplift, Qianshan-Kongcheng Depression in the west, Lu-Zong volcanic basin, and the Along-River uplift in the east. The north–south crustal elements show the northward “step-type” uplift, juxtaposed by two steplike faults, the west–northwest/east–southeast-trending Tangjiayuan-Zhuanqiao Fault and the Lujiang-Huangguzha-Tongling Detachment Fault. The Lu-Zong volcanic basin presents a nonsymmetrical shape with four inward-dipping boundary faults. The northern and eastern boundary faults are deep faults, which control the development and evolution of the Lu-Zong volcanic basin. There are three west–northwest/east–southeast-trending faults and six northeast–southwest-trending faults cutting over the ore district. From north to south, they are the LHTD Fault, Tangjiayuan-Zhuanqiao Fault, and Yijing-Taojiaxiang Fault ; from west to east, the six faults are the Tan-Lu, Chuhe, Luohe-Quekou, Zongyang-Huangtun, Taojiawan-Shijiawan, and Changjiang Thrust Fault. The formation and evolution of the ore-district are mainly affected by the Yanshanian intracontinental orogeny, and they experience the Middle to Late Jurassic compression and subsequent Cretaceous extension, possibly due to the paleo-Pacific northwest-trending subduction. Our studies determined that the CTF is a thrust system in nature and the LHTD is a southwest-dipping detachment. Two Jurassic basins were found, surrounding the northeast and southeast of Lu-Zong volcanics, which may be due to the product of postcollision extension of Indosinian orogeny during the middle and early Late Triassic. (shrink)

Online discussion forums are an essential and standard setup in online courses to facilitate interactions among learners. However, learners’ inadequate participation in online discussion forums is a long-standing challenge, which necessitates instructor intervention and the design consideration of online learning platforms. This research proposes and studies the role of mandatory participation, i.e., learners’ participation in online course forums by instructors’ requirements, in fostering their voluntary participation and boosting their learning performance. This novel effect link between mandatory participation and voluntary participation (...) has not been assessed in previous research. An empirical study is conducted using a large-scale dataset of 27,767 learners from a leading massive open online course platform in China. The findings indicate that besides its direct effect on learning performance, learners’ mandatory participation has a significant positive effect on their voluntary participation in online course forums, enhancing learning performance. Moreover, the effect of mandatory participation on voluntary participation varies across learner groups, being more prominent for early registrants than late registrants and part-time learners than full-time learners. This research contributes to the online learning literature by introducing mandatory participation as a viable approach to foster voluntary participation and boost learning performance through enhanced voluntary participation. It provides evidence on the effectiveness of the novel design feature of MOOC platforms that enables and facilitates the mandatory participation mechanism in online learning. (shrink)

The rational allocation of functional areas is the foundation for addressing the sustainable development of cities. Efficient and accurate identification methods of urban functional areas are of great significance to the adjustment and testing of urban planning and industrial layout optimization. Firstly, by employing multisource geographic data, an identification method of urban functional areas was developed. A quantitative measurement approach of the urban functional area was then established considering the comprehensive effects of human-land, space-time, and thematic information to present the (...) covering area of ground objects, public awareness, and empirical research. Finally, the Zhengzhou city, which locates in Henan province of central China, was used to test the method. The results show that the developed method is efficient, accurate, and universal and can identify urban functional areas quickly and accurately. We found that the overall distribution of Zhengzhou’s functional areas presents a spatial pattern of single and multimixed coordinated development. The city’s commercial functional areas and commercial-based mixed functional areas are located in the city’s central area. The green square’s function area occupies relatively low and is mainly distributed in the city’s fringe. (shrink)

The high-resolution regional division of mountainous area types has important scientific significance for promoting precise management of land space and regional sustainable development. At present, the classification method of mountainous area types is mainly at the county level and above, while classifications for towns and villages are nearly nonexistent, which poses a technical challenge for rural revitalization and the construction of ecological civilization in mountainous areas. We used Yuxi city, Yunnan Province, as the target area of this research, which was (...) based on GIS technology and Digital Elevation Model data and socioeconomic environmental monitoring data. The most appropriate statistical unit for topographic relief was defined, and the study area was divided into six mountain types: flatlands, hills, low mountains, medium-low mountains, midmountains, and subhigh mountains. Based on the township scale, an index system and classification method dominated by the plain comprehensive index were established to carry out mountain area classifications at township scales. The 75 towns of Yuxi city can be classified into 27 plain towns, 23 mountain-plain towns, and 25 mountain towns from an empirical application perspective, which can provide strong data support and a reference basis for studying the evolution characteristics of land use in different geographical spaces and their interrelationships as well as differentiated land space planning and governance. (shrink)

ObjectiveTo reveal the relationship between parental phubbing, basic psychological needs satisfaction, self-esteem, and depression and to explore the impact of parental phubbing on depression.MethodsA total of 819 junior high school students responded to the parental phubbing scale, basic psychological needs satisfaction scale, self-esteem scale, and depression scale in combination.Results Parental phubbing was significantly correlated with satisfaction of basic psychological needs, self-esteem, and depression. Parental phubbing can not only be used to directly predict depression in junior middle school students but also (...) has an indirect impact on depression through three pathways: a separate mediating effect on basic psychological needs satisfaction, a separate mediating effect on self-esteem and a chain mediating effect on both.ConclusionParental phubbing is a risk factor for depression, which can negatively affect the mental health of junior high school students. (shrink)

This paper focuses on modeling and control of a class of serial variable stiffness actuators based on level mechanisms for robotic applications. A multi-input multi-output complex nonlinear dynamic model is derived to fully describe SVSAs and the relative degree of the model is determined accordingly. Due to nonlinearity, high coupling, and parametric uncertainty of SVSAs, a neural network-based adaptive control strategy based on feedback linearization is proposed to handle system uncertainties. The feasibility of the proposed approach for position and stiffness (...) tracking of SVSAs is verified by simulation results. (shrink)

Both compliance and discontinuity are the common characteristics of the real ground surface. This paper proposes a stabilization method for the underactuated bipedal locomotion on the discontinuous compliant ground. Unlike a totally new control method, the method is actually a high-level control strategy developed based on an existing low-level controller meant for the continuous compliant ground. As a result, although the ground environment is more complex, the calculation cost for the robot walking control system is not increased. With the high-level (...) control strategy, the robot is able to adjust its step-length and velocity simultaneously to stride over the discontinuous areas on the compliant ground surface. The effectiveness of the developed method is validated with a numerical simulation and a physical experiment. (shrink)

This experiment used event-related potentials to study the tactile-visual information conflict processing in a tactile-visual pairing task and its modulation by tactile-induced emotional states. Eighteen participants were asked to indicate whether the tactile sensation on their body matched or did not match the expected tactile sensation associated with the object depicted in an image. The type of tactile-visual stimuli and the valence of tactile-induced emotional states were manipulated following a 2 × 2 factorial design. Electrophysiological analyses revealed a mismatched minus (...) matched negative difference component between 420 and 620 ms after stimulus onset in the negative tactile-induced emotional state condition. This ND420-620 component was considered as a sign of the cross-modal conflict processing during the processing of incongruent tactile-visual information. In contrast, no significant mismatched minus matched negative difference component was found in the positive tactile-induced emotional state condition. Together, these results support the hypothesis that a positive emotional state induced by a positive tactile stimulation improves tactile-visual conflict processing abilities. (shrink)