Results for 'William J. Wilhelm'

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  1.  49
    Integrating Instruction in Ethical Reasoning into Undergraduate Business Courses.William J. Wilhelm - 2008 - Journal of Business Ethics Education 5 (1):5-34.
    This article presents findings from a series of research studies designed to identify classroom teaching practices that can enhance moral reasoning of undergraduate students in business foundational courses. The research, conducted over five semesters at a Midwestern university, resulted in the development of teaching methods and materials that can, when properly sequenced and integrated into undergraduate business courses, increase levels of student moral reasoning as measured by the revised version of the Defining Issues Test (DIT-2). Findings in this research demonstrate (...)
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  2.  31
    Relationships, Authority, and Reasons: A Second-Personal Account of Corporate Moral Agency.Alan D. Morrison, Rita Mota & William J. Wilhelm - 2022 - Business Ethics Quarterly 32 (2):322-347.
    We present asecond-personalaccount of corporate moral agency. This approach is in contrast to thefirst-personalapproach adopted in much of the existing literature, which concentrates on the corporation’s ability to identify moral reasons for itself. Our account treats relationships and communications as the fundamental building blocks of moral agency. The second-personal account rests on a framework developed by Darwall. Its central requirement is that corporations be capable of recognizing the authority relations that they have with other moral agents. We discuss the relevance (...)
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  3.  10
    (2 other versions)Hegel's philosophy of mind.Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel & William Wallace - 1894 - Freeport, N.Y.,: Books for Libraries Press. Edited by William Wallace.
    The present reissue of Wallace's translation of Hegel's Philosophy of Mind includes the Zusatze or lecture-notes which, in the collected works, accompany the first section entitled Subjective Mind and which Wallace omitted from his translation. Professor J. N. Findlay has written a Foreword and this replaces Wallace's introductory essays.
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  4. Philosophy of Mind. Being Part Three of the Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences, 1830, Translated by William Wallace, Together with the Zusätze in Boumann's Text, 1845, Translated by A.V. Miller. With a Foreword by J.N. Findlay. --.Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, William Wallace & Arnold V. Miller - 1971 - Clarendon Press.
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  5.  75
    On automorphism criteria for comparing amounts of mathematical structure.Thomas William Barrett, J. B. Manchak & James Owen Weatherall - 2023 - Synthese 201 (6):1-14.
    Wilhelm (Forthcom Synth 199:6357–6369, 2021) has recently defended a criterion for comparing structure of mathematical objects, which he calls Subgroup. He argues that Subgroup is better than SYM \(^*\), another widely adopted criterion. We argue that this is mistaken; Subgroup is strictly worse than SYM \(^*\). We then formulate a new criterion that improves on both SYM \(^*\) and Subgroup, answering Wilhelm’s criticisms of SYM \(^*\) along the way. We conclude by arguing that no criterion that looks only (...)
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  6.  36
    Ethical concerns of staff in a rehabilitation center.Jenny M. Young & William J. Sullivan - 2001 - HEC Forum 13 (4):361-367.
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  7. Introduction.Alisa Bokulich & William J. Devlin - 2015 - In William J. Devlin & Alisa Bokulich (eds.), Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolutions - 50 Years On. Cham: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science, vol. 311. Springer.
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  8.  13
    Own yourself: how to form your conscience.William J. O'Malley - 2016 - New York: Paulist Press.
    Own Yourself is "hands-on" course in ethics and morality. Its goal is to assist students to come to know who they genuinely are and who they want to become as they move into adulthood.
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  9. Meinongian theories and a Russellian paradox.William J. Rapaport - 1978 - Noûs 12 (2):153-180.
    This essay re-examines Meinong's "Über Gegenstandstheorie" and undertakes a clarification and revision of it that is faithful to Meinong, overcomes the various objections to his theory, and is capable of offering solutions to various problems in philosophy of mind and philosophy of language. I then turn to a discussion of a historically and technically interesting Russell-style paradox (now known as "Clark's Paradox") that arises in the modified theory. I also examine the alternative Meinong-inspired theories of Hector-Neri Castañeda and Terence Parsons.
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  10. Syntactic semantics: Foundations of computational natural language understanding.William J. Rapaport - 1988 - In James H. Fetzer (ed.), Aspects of AI. D.
    This essay considers what it means to understand natural language and whether a computer running an artificial-intelligence program designed to understand natural language does in fact do so. It is argued that a certain kind of semantics is needed to understand natural language, that this kind of semantics is mere symbol manipulation (i.e., syntax), and that, hence, it is available to AI systems. Recent arguments by Searle and Dretske to the effect that computers cannot understand natural language are discussed, and (...)
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  11. Critical Review of Minds, Brains and Science.William J. Rapaport - 1988 - Noûs 22 (4):585-609.
    Critical Review of Searle's Minds, Brains and Science.
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  12. Non-Existent Objects and Epistemological Ontology.William J. Rapaport - 1985 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 25 (1):61-95.
    This essay examines the role of non-existent objects in "epistemological ontology" — the study of the entities that make thinking possible. An earlier revision of Meinong's Theory of Objects is reviewed, Meinong's notions of Quasisein and Außersein are discussed, and a theory of Meinongian objects as "combinatorially possible" entities is presented.
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  13.  19
    Heidegger and Aristotle.William J. Richardson, S. J. - 1964 - Heythrop Journal 5 (1):58–64.
  14.  17
    Underdetermination in classic and modern tests of general relativity.William J. Wolf, Marco Sanchioni & James Read - 2024 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 14 (4):1-41.
    Canonically, ‘classic’ tests of general relativity (GR) include perihelion precession, the bending of light around stars, and gravitational redshift; ‘modern’ tests have to do with, _inter alia_, relativistic time delay, equivalence principle tests, gravitational lensing, strong field gravity, and gravitational waves. The orthodoxy is that both classic and modern tests of GR afford experimental confirmation of that theory _in particular_. In this article, we question this orthodoxy, by showing there are classes of both relativistic theories (with spatiotemporal geometrical properties different (...)
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  15. About Time: Inventing the Fourth Dimension.William J. Friedman - 1990 - Cambridge: MIT Press.
    In About Time, William Friedman provides a new integrated look at research on the psychological processes that underlie the human experience of time.
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  16. Understanding understanding: Syntactic semantics and computational cognition.William J. Rapaport - 1995 - Philosophical Perspectives 9:49-88.
    John Searle once said: "The Chinese room shows what we knew all along: syntax by itself is not sufficient for semantics. (Does anyone actually deny this point, I mean straight out? Is anyone actually willing to say, straight out, that they think that syntax, in the sense of formal symbols, is really the same as semantic content, in the sense of meanings, thought contents, understanding, etc.?)." I say: "Yes". Stuart C. Shapiro has said: "Does that make any sense? Yes: Everything (...)
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  17.  28
    Capacity and volition: a history of the distinction of absolute and ordained power.William J. Courtenay - 1990 - Bergamo: P. Lubrina.
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  18.  27
    Mental health services within the new York state department of correctional services: An examination of best policies and practices.William J. Morgan Jr - unknown
    A significant number of inmates with mental illness reside within the New York State Department of Corrections (NYSDOCS). New York State has taken the initiative to provide mentally ill inmates with necessary services through a collaboration of the New York State Department of Correctional Services and the New York State Office of Mental Health (NYSOMH). The collaboration results in a mental health delivery system that provides many essential services to mentally ill inmates. This paper focuses on the organization of mental (...)
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  19. Holism, conceptual-role semantics, and syntactic semantics.William J. Rapaport - 2002 - Minds and Machines 12 (1):3-59.
    This essay continues my investigation of `syntactic semantics': the theory that, pace Searle's Chinese-Room Argument, syntax does suffice for semantics (in particular, for the semantics needed for a computational cognitive theory of natural-language understanding). Here, I argue that syntactic semantics (which is internal and first-person) is what has been called a conceptual-role semantics: The meaning of any expression is the role that it plays in the complete system of expressions. Such a `narrow', conceptual-role semantics is the appropriate sort of semantics (...)
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  20.  18
    Ethical Practice in Clinical Medicine.William J. Ellos S. J. - 1990 - Routledge.
    Increasingly, medical students are required to face up to ethical issues in their training and practice. At the same time, there is growing interest in philosophy courses in the ethical issues raised by medical practice. This textbook, designed primarily for students of medicine, develops the issues to a philosophical level complex enough to be satisfying to students of philosophy as well as MA students on applied ethics courses. The author advocates an approach to medical ethics which breaks out of the (...)
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  21.  30
    Listening to steroids.John Hoberman & William J. Morgan - 2007 - In William John Morgan (ed.), Ethics in Sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. pp. 235--244.
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  22. How minds can be computational systems.William J. Rapaport - 1998 - Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 10 (4):403-419.
    The proper treatment of computationalism, as the thesis that cognition is computable, is presented and defended. Some arguments of James H. Fetzer against computationalism are examined and found wanting, and his positive theory of minds as semiotic systems is shown to be consistent with computationalism. An objection is raised to an argument of Selmer Bringsjord against one strand of computationalism, namely, that Turing-Test± passing artifacts are persons, it is argued that, whether or not this objection holds, such artifacts will inevitably (...)
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  23. Meinongian Semantics and Artificial Intelligence.William J. Rapaport - 2013 - Humana Mente 6 (25):25-52.
    This essay describes computational semantic networks for a philosophical audience and surveys several approaches to semantic-network semantics. In particular, propositional semantic networks are discussed; it is argued that only a fully intensional, Meinongian semantics is appropriate for them; and several Meinongian systems are presented.
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  24. Climate Change and the Rights of Future Generations: Social Justice beyond Mutual Advantage.William J. Fitzpatrick - 2007 - Environmental Ethics 29 (4):369-388.
    Despite widespread agreement that we have moral responsibilities to future generations, many are reluctant to frame the issues in terms of justice and rights.There are indeed philosophical challenges here, particularly concerning nonoverlapping generations. They can, however, be met. For example, talk of justiceand rights for future generations in connection with climate change is both appropriate and important, although it requires revising some common theoreticalassumptions about the nature of justice and rights. We can, in fact, be bound by the rights of (...)
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  25. Thomson's turnabout on the trolley.William J. FitzPatrick - 2009 - Analysis 69 (4):636-643.
    The famous ‘trolley problem’ began as a simple variation on an example given in passing by Philippa Foot , involving a runaway trolley that cannot be stopped but can be steered to a path of lesser harm. By switching from the perspective of the driver to that of a bystander, Judith Jarvis Thomson showed how the case raises difficulties for the normative theory Foot meant to be defending, and Thomson compounded the challenge with further variations that created still more puzzles (...)
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  26.  6
    Promising stabs in the Dark: theory virtues and pursuit-worthiness in the Dark Energy problem.William J. Wolf & Patrick M. Duerr - 2024 - Synthese 204 (6):1-40.
    This paper argues that we ought to conceive of the Dark Energy problem—the question of how to account for observational data, naturally interpreted as accelerated expansion of the universe—as a crisis of underdetermined pursuit-worthiness. Not only are the various approaches to the Dark Energy problem evidentially underdetermined; at present, no compelling reasons single out any of them as more likely to be true than the other. More vexingly for working scientists, none of the approaches stands out as uncontroversially preferable over (...)
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  27. Sets constructed from sequences of measures: Revisited.William J. Mitchell - 1983 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 48 (3):600-609.
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  28. Predication, fiction, and artificial intelligence.William J. Rapaport - 1991 - Topoi 10 (1):79-111.
    This paper describes the SNePS knowledge-representation and reasoning system. SNePS is an intensional, propositional, semantic-network processing system used for research in AI. We look at how predication is represented in such a system when it is used for cognitive modeling and natural-language understanding and generation. In particular, we discuss issues in the representation of fictional entities and the representation of propositions from fiction, using SNePS. We briefly survey four philosophical ontological theories of fiction and sketch an epistemological theory of fiction (...)
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  29. Meinong, Alexius; I: Meinongian Semantics.William J. Rapaport - 1991 - In Hans Burkhardt & Barry Smith (eds.), Handbook of metaphysics and ontology. Munich: Philosophia Verlag. pp. 516-519.
    A brief introduction to Meinong, his theory of objects, and modern interpretations of it. Sections include: The Theory of Objects, Castañeda's Theory of Guises, Parsons,'s Theory of Nonexistent Objects, Rapaport's Theory of Meinongian Objects, Routley's Theory of Items.
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  30.  40
    Teaching Ethical Reasoning.G. Fletcher Linder, Allison J. Ames, William J. Hawk, Lori K. Pyle, Keston H. Fulcher & Christian E. Early - 2019 - Teaching Ethics 19 (2):147-170.
    This article presents evidence supporting the claim that ethical reasoning is a skill that can be taught and assessed. We propose a working definition of ethical reasoning as 1) the ability to identify, analyze, and weigh moral aspects of a particular situation, and 2) to make decisions that are informed and warranted by the moral investigation. The evidence consists of a description of an ethical reasoning education program—Ethical Reasoning in Action —designed to increase ethical reasoning skills in a variety of (...)
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  31.  54
    Age Differences in Age Perceptions and Developmental Transitions.William J. Chopik, Ryan H. Bremner, David J. Johnson & Hannah L. Giasson - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9:306476.
    Is 50 considered “old”? When do we stop being considered “young”? If individuals could choose to be any age, what would it be? In a sample of 502,548 internet respondents ranging in age from 10 to 89, we examined age differences in aging perceptions (e.g., how old do you feel?) and estimates of the timing of developmental transitions (e.g., when does someone become an older adult?). We found that older adults reported older perceptions of aging (e.g., choosing to be older, (...)
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  32. Assessing Ontological Arguments.William J. Wainwright - 2012 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 4 (2):19--39.
    Part I argues that ontological arguments, like other classical proofs of the existence of God, are parts of larger arguments in which they are embedded. These larger arguments include reasons supporting the proofs’ premises and responses to them, and to the proofs’ claims to validity and non-circularity, since, in the final analysis, our assessment of the proofs will express our best judgment of the cumulative force of all the considerations bearing on their overall adequacy. Part II illustrates these points by (...)
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  33. On cogito propositions.William J. Rapaport - 1976 - Philosophical Studies 29 (1):63-68.
    I argue that George Nakhnikian's analysis of the logic of cogito propositions (roughly, Descartes's 'cogito' and 'sum') is incomplete. The incompleteness is rectified by showing that disjunctions of cogito propositions with contingent, non-cogito propositions satisfy conditions of incorrigibility, self-certifyingness, and pragmatic consistency; hence, they belong to the class of propositions with whose help a complete characterization of cogito propositions is made possible.
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  34.  21
    Nonsmokers-only hiring policies: personal liberty vs. promoting public health.Wendell C. Taylor & William J. Winslade - 2022 - Ethics and Behavior 32 (4):359-373.
    ABSTRACT There is a fierce debate about nonsmokers-only hiring policies, also referred to as no-nicotine hiring policies and “tobacco free” hiring policies. The favorable outcomes of no-nicotine hiring policies include reduced health costs, improved worker productivity, enhanced organizational image, and symbolic messaging. The unfavorable consequences of such policies include violating personal liberty, risking a “slippery slope” to other health-compromising behaviors, exacerbating socio-economic disparities, and discriminating against smokers. No-nicotine hiring policies have not been adequately evaluated and a new approach is warranted. (...)
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  35. Omnipotence, omniscience, and omnipresence.William J. Wainwright - 2010 - In Charles Taliaferro & Chad Meister (eds.), The Cambridge companion to Christian philosophical theology. New York: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  36. Because mere calculating isn't thinking: Comments on Hauser's Why Isn't My Pocket Calculator a Thinking Thing?.William J. Rapaport - 1993 - Minds and Machines 3 (1):11-20.
    Hauser argues that his pocket calculator (Cal) has certain arithmetical abilities: it seems Cal calculates. That calculating is thinking seems equally untendentious. Yet these two claims together provide premises for a seemingly valid syllogism whose conclusion - Cal thinks - most would deny. He considers several ways to avoid this conclusion, and finds them mostly wanting. Either we ourselves can't be said to think or calculate if our calculation-like performances are judged by the standards proposed to rule out Cal; or (...)
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  37. (1 other version)The Portrait of Socrates in Plato's Symposium.William J. Prior - 2006 - Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 31:137-166.
  38.  29
    Bookreviews.Stewart Umphrey & William J. Edgar - 1978 - Journal of Value Inquiry 12 (1):74-78.
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  39.  8
    Divine Agency and Divine Action, Volume Ii: Soundings in the Christian Tradition.William J. Abraham - 2017 - Oxford University Press.
    This volume argues that in order to understand divine action, one must begin with the array of specific actions predicated of God in the Christian tradition.
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  40.  32
    The Treadway Commission Recommendations For Education.William J. Donnelly & Gary A. Miller - 1989 - Business and Professional Ethics Journal 8 (4):83-92.
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  41.  25
    Parmenides and Mystical Reason.William J. Langan - 1982 - Modern Schoolman 60 (1):30-47.
  42.  8
    Responsible Research in an International Laboratory.William J. Polacheck & Roger D. Kamm - 2014 - Journal of Philosophy, Science and Law 14:13-31.
    Recently, we have seen the emergence of the international laboratory in scientific research. These laboratories, characterized by internationally distributed members working to accomplish a unified goal, provide advantages such as cost savings and access to facilities and equipment. However, maintaining responsible conduct of research (RCR) in an international laboratory is complicated by the requirement for technology-mediated communication, lack of trust between local and distant group members, and cultural heterogeneity among lab members. Here we discuss issues we experienced while working in (...)
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  43.  16
    The Association Between Coworker Support and Work-Family Interference: A Test of Work Environment and Burnout as Mediators.Leo R. Norling & William J. Chopik - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  44. Democracy: Needs over wants.William J. Meyer - 1974 - Political Theory 2 (2):197-214.
  45.  41
    Theology and mystery.William J. Wainwright - 2008 - In Thomas P. Flint & Michael Rea (eds.), The Oxford handbook of philosophical theology. New York: Oxford University Press.
    This article discusses the place of mystery in Christian thought and practice. Both Christians themselves and their critics have historically thought that the concept of mystery is central to Christian reflection and Christian worship. It is initially surprising, then, to find that the indices of recent important reference works contain few if any references to mystery. The most important reason for the neglect of mystery may be this. William Alston begins his recent ‘Two Cheers for Mystery’ by observing that (...)
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  46.  18
    Ethische und politische Freiheit.Julian Nida-Rümelin & Wilhelm Vossenkuhl (eds.) - 1998 - Walter de Gruyter.
    Frontmatter -- Vorwort -- Inhalt -- 1. Teil Klassische Positionen -- Natürliche Freiheit / Locke, John -- Freiheit und praktische Vernunft / Kant, Immanuel -- Bürgerliche Freiheit / Mill, John Stuart -- Natürliche Freiheit, moralische Einschränkungen und der Staat / Nozick, Robert -- Kant's Theory of Justice / Pogge, Thomas W. -- Morality and the Liberal Ideal / Sandel, Michael J. -- Freiheit im Liberalismus und bei Marx -- 2. Teil Zeitgenössische Positionen -- Zwei Freiheitsbegriffe / Berlin, Isaiah -- Liberalism (...)
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  47. Theism, metaphysics, and D. Z. Phillips.William J. Wainwright - 1995 - Topoi 14 (2):87-93.
    Section I argues that theistic religions incorporate metaphysical systems and that these systems are explanatory. Section II defends these claims against D. Z. Phillips ''s objections to the epistemic realism and correspondence theory of truth which they imply. I conclude by raising questions about the status of Phillips ''s own project.
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  48.  11
    An Integrated Science, Mathematics and Sts Program for Pre-Service Middle School Science and Mathematics Teachers.Robert Snow & William J. Doody - 1987 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 7 (1-2):239-242.
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  49. On Chalmers' "principle of organizational invariance" and his "dancing qualia" and "fading qualia" thought experiments.William J. Greenberg - 1998 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 5 (1):53-58.
    David Chalmers has proposed several principles in his attack on the ‘hard problem’ of consciousness. One of these is the principle of organizational invariance , which he asserts is significantly supported by two thought experiments involving human brains and their functional silicon-based isomorphs. I claim that while the principle is an intelligible hypothesis and could possibly be true, his thought experiments fail to provide support for it.
     
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  50. Pragmatism and death : Method vs. metaphor, tragedy vs. the will to believe.William J. Gavin - 2009 - In John J. Stuhr (ed.), 100 Years of Pragmatism: William James's Revolutionary Philosophy. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
     
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