29 found
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  1.  73
    Explaining modulation of reasoning by belief.Vinod Goel & Raymond J. Dolan - 2003 - Cognition 87 (1):B11-B22.
    Although deductive reasoning is a closed system, one's beliefs about the world can influence validity judgements. To understand the associated functional neuroanatomy of this belief-bias we studied 14 volunteers using event-related fMRI, as they performed reasoning tasks under neutral, facilitatory and inhibitory belief conditions. We found evidence for the engagement of a left temporal lobe system during belief-based reasoning and a bilateral parietal lobe system during belief-neutral reasoning. Activation of right lateral prefrontal cortex was evident when subjects inhibited a prepotent (...)
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  2.  14
    Smarter Than We Think When Our Brains Detect That We Are Biased.Wim De Neys, Oshin Vartanian & Vinod Goel - 2008 - Psychological Science 19 (5):483-489.
    Human reasoning is often biased by stereotypical intuitions. The nature of such bias is not clear. Some authors claim that people are mere heuristic thinkers and are not aware that cued stereotypes might be inappropriate. Other authors claim that people always detect the conflict between their stereotypical thinking and normative reasoning, but simply fail to inhibit stereotypical thinking. Hence, it is unclear whether heuristic bias should be attributed to a lack of conflict detection or a failure of inhibition. We introduce (...)
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  3.  3
    Sketches of Thought.Vinod Goel - 1995 - MIT Press.
    Much of the cognitive lies beyond articulate, discursive thought, beyond the reach of current computational notions. In Sketches of Thought, Vinod Goel argues that the cognitive computational conception of the world requires our thought processes to be precise, rigid, discrete, and unambiguous; yet there are dense, ambiguous, and amorphous symbol systems, like sketching, painting, and poetry, found in the arts and much of everyday discourse that have an important, non-trivial place in cognition. Goel maintains that while on occasion our thoughts (...)
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  4.  14
    Dissociation of Mechanisms Underlying Syllogistic Reasoning.Vinod Goel, Christian Buchel, Chris Frith & Raymond J. Dolan - 2000 - NeuroImage 12 (5):504-514.
    A key question for cognitive theories of reasoning is whether logical reasoning is inherently a sentential linguistic process or a process requiring spatial manipulation and search. We addressed this question in an event-related fMRI study of syllogistic reasoning, using sentences with and without semantic content. Our findings indicate involvement of two dissociable networks in deductive reasoning. During content-based reasoning a left hemisphere temporal system was recruited. By contrast, a formally identical reasoning task, which lacked semantic content, activated a parietal system. (...)
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  5.  16
    Functional neuroanatomy of three-term relational reasoning.Vinod Goel & Raymond J. Dolan - 2001 - Neuropsychologia 39 (9):901-909.
    In a recent study we demonstrated that reasoning with categorical syllogisms engages two dissociable mechanisms. Reasoning involving concrete sentences engaged a left hemisphere linguistic system while formally identical arguments, involving abstract sentences, recruited a parietal spatial network. The involvement of a parietal visuo–spatial system in abstract syllogism reasoning raised the question whether argument forms involving explicit spatial relations are sufficient to engage the parietal system? We addressed this question in an event-related fMRI study of three-term relational reasoning, using sentences with (...)
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  6.  61
    Notationality and the information processing mind.Vinod Goel - 1991 - Minds and Machines 1 (2):129-166.
    Cognitive science uses the notion of computational information processing to explain cognitive information processing. Some philosophers have argued that anything can be described as doing computational information processing; if so, it is a vacuous notion for explanatory purposes.An attempt is made to explicate the notions of cognitive information processing and computational information processing and to specify the relationship between them. It is demonstrated that the resulting notion of computational information processing can only be realized in a restrictive class of dynamical (...)
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  7.  20
    Negative emotions can attenuate the influence of beliefs on logical reasoning.Vinod Goel & Oshin Vartanian - 2011 - Cognition and Emotion 25 (1):121-131.
  8.  7
    Reciprocal neural response within lateral and ventral medial prefrontal cortex during hot and cold reasoning.Vinod Goel & Raymond J. Dolan - 2003 - NeuroImage 20 (4):2314-2321.
    Logic is widely considered the basis of rationality. Logical choices, however, are often influenced by emotional responses, sometimes to our detriment, sometimes to our advantage. To understand the neural basis of emotionally neutral and emotionally salient reasoning we studied 19 volunteers using event-related fMRI, as they made logical judgments about arguments that varied in emotional saliency. Despite identical logical form and content categories across “hot” and “cold” reasoning conditions, lateral and ventral medial prefrontal cortex showed reciprocal response patterns as a (...)
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  9.  14
    Dissociating the Roles of Right Ventral Lateral and Dorsal Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Generation and Maintenance of Hypotheses in Set-shift Problems.Vinod Goel & Oshin Vartanian - 2005 - Cerebral Cortex 15 (8):1170-1177.
    Although patient data have traditionally implicated the left prefrontal cortex in hypothesis generation, recent lesion data implicate right PFC in hypothesis generation tasks that involve set shifts. To test the involvement of the right prefrontal cortex in a hypothesis generation task involving set shifts, we scanned 13 normal subjects with fMRI as they completed Match Problems and a baseline task. In Match Problems subjects determined the number of possible solutions for each trial. Successful solutions are indicative of set shifts. In (...)
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  10.  38
    The structure of Design Problem Spaces.Vinod Goel & Peter Pirolli - 1992 - Cognitive Science 16 (3):395-429.
    It is proposed that there are important generalizations about problem solving in design activity that reach across specific disciplines. A framework for the study of design is presented that (a) characterizes design as a radial category and fleshes out the task environment of the prototypical cases; (b) takes the task environment seriously; (c) shows that this task environment occurs in design tasks, but does not occur in every nondesign task; (d) explicates the impact of this task environment on the design (...)
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  11.  13
    Neuroanatomical Correlates of Human Reasoning.Vinod Goel, Brian Gold, Shitij Kapur & Sylvain Houle - 1998 - Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10 (3):293-302.
    One of the important questions cognitive theories of reasoning must address is whether logical reasoning is inherently sentential or spatial. A sentential model would exploit nonspatial properties of representations whereas a spatial model would exploit spatial properties of representations. In general terms, the linguistic hypothesis predicts that the language processing regions underwrite human reasoning processes, and the spatial hypothesis suggests that the neural structures for perception and motor control contribute the basic representational building blocks used for high-level logical and linguistic (...)
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  12.  41
    Cognitive neuroscience of deductive reasoning.Vinod Goel - 2005 - In K. Holyoak & B. Morrison (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning. Cambridge University Press. pp. 475--492.
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  13.  9
    Role of the Right Prefrontal Cortex in Ill-Structured Planning.Vinod Goel & Jordan Grafman - 2000 - Cognitive Neuropsychology 17 (5):415-436.
    We tested an architect with a lesion to the right prefrontal cortex in a real-world architectural design/planning task that required him to develop a new design for our lab space and compared his performance to an age- and education-matched architect. The patient understood the task and even observed that “this is a very simple problem.” His sophisticated architectural knowledge base was still intact and he used it quite skilfully during the problem structuring phase. However, the patient's problem-solving behaviour differed from (...)
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  14.  9
    Dissociable Neural Systems Underwrite Logical Reasoning in the Context of Induced Emotions with Positive and Negative Valence.Kathleen W. Smith, Oshin Vartanian & Vinod Goel - 2014 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8.
  15.  9
    The structure of Design Problem Spaces.Vinod Goel & Peter Pirolli - 1992 - Cognitive Science 16 (3):395-429.
    It is proposed that there are important generalizations about problem solving in design activity that reach across specific disciplines. A framework for the study of design is presented that (a) characterizes design as a radial category and fleshes out the task environment of the prototypical cases; (b) takes the task environment seriously; (c) shows that this task environment occurs in design tasks, but does not occur in every nondesign task; (d) explicates the impact of this task environment on the design (...)
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  16.  10
    Differential impact of beliefs on valence and arousal.Antoinette Nicolle & Vinod Goel - 2013 - Cognition and Emotion 27 (2):263-272.
  17. Neural basis of reasoning and thinking.Jordan Grafman & Vinod Goel - 2002 - In Lynn Nadel (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. Macmillan. pp. 3--875.
  18.  8
    Indeterminacy tolerance as a basis of hemispheric asymmetry within prefrontal cortex.Vinod Goel - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  19.  9
    Reason and less.Vinod Goel - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  20.  27
    Syllogisms delivered in an angry voice lead to improved performance and engagement of a different neural system compared to neutral voice.Kathleen W. Smith, Laura-Lee Balkwill, Oshin Vartanian & Vinod Goel - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  21.  33
    Can there be a cognitive neuroscience of central cognitive systems?Vinod Goel - 2004 - In Christina E. Erneling & David Martel Johnson (eds.), Mind As a Scientific Object. Oxford University Press. pp. 265.
  22.  8
    Developmental grey matter changes in superior parietal cortex accompany improved transitive reasoning.Cristián Modroño, Gorka Navarrete, Antoinette Nicolle, José Luis González-Mora, Kathleen W. Smith, Miriam Marling & Vinod Goel - 2018 - Thinking and Reasoning 25 (2):151-170.
    The neural basis of developmental changes in transitive reasoning in parietal regions was examined, using voxel-based morphometry. Young adolescents and adults performed a transitive reasoning task, subsequent to undergoing anatomical magnetic resonance imaging brain scans. Behaviorally, adults reasoned more accurately than did the young adolescents. Neural results showed less grey matter density in superior parietal cortex in the adults than in the young adolescents, possibly due to a developmental period of synaptic pruning; improved performance in the reasoning task was negatively (...)
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  23. Can there be a cognitive neuroscience of central cognitive systems?Vinod Goel - 2005 - In Christina E. Erneling & David Martel Johnson (eds.), The Mind as a Scientific Object: Between Brain and Culture. Oup Usa.
     
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  24.  10
    Comments on the Connection Principle.Vinod Goel - 1993 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16 (1):189-190.
  25. Planning: Neural and psychological.Vinod Goel - 2002 - In Lynn Nadel (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. Macmillan.
     
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  26.  14
    What is the locality assumption and how is it violated?Vinod Goel, Paolo Nichelli & Jordan Grafman - 1997 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (3):519-520.
    We respond to Farah (1994) by making some general remarks about information encapsulation and locality and asking how these are violated in her computational models. Our point is not that we disagree, but rather that Farah's treatment of the issues is not sufficiently rigorous to allow an evaluation of her claims.
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  27.  11
    Book reviews. [REVIEW]Vinod Goel - 1994 - Philosophia Mathematica 2 (1):89-91.
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  28. Sketches of Thought: A Study of the Role of Sketching in Design Problem-Solving and its Implications for the Computational Theory of Mind.Vinod Goel - 1991 - Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley
    Much of cognitive science is based on the Computational Theory of Mind hypothesis. The claim is that the mind is in part a computer and as such requires a representational medium--a language of thought--in which to represent information and to carry out computations. ;But the Computational Theory of Mind is much more than a bland commitment to internal representations. It requires that the system of representation have some very stringent properties. In this dissertation it is demonstrated that, depending on which (...)
     
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  29.  8
    Smolensky's proper treatment of connectionism: Having it both ways.Vinod Goel - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (2):400-401.