This article intends to show how the “sophists,” in their argument with the “philosophers” in Plato’s Gorgias, appropriate the concept of childhood. The goal here is to think how the imputation of the “childish” to the other's discourse, sophist or philosopher, is a key point in the establishment of a victory of one discourse over the other in the history of western thinking. The paper also intends to present the differences between the sophistic and philosophical conceptions of childhood, showing, however, (...) that the discursive goals of these different conceptions aim at the same end point: to make the other assume a status of heteronomy and, therefore, to accept being taught by the victorious discourse—in this case, the one that presumes itself to be adult, not-childish. I begin by locating the notion of childhood in a wider conceptual context than is usual, then consider what it means to “talk like a child” from this more expansive conceptual perspective. I then turn to the Gorgias, and present the concept of childhood as representative of the disqualified argument in the political dispute in Plato’s dialogue over the place of the teacher. I then discuss two conceptions of childhood in the dialogue: the philosophical one, which intends to show how rhetoric deludes itself; and the sophistic one, which intends to show how philosophy is a form of fantasizing. I also analyze two images commonly associated with children in the dialogue’s confrontation of ideas: the image of the “bogeyman,” and the image of play and gaming--the first imputed by sophists to philosophers, and the second imputed by philosophers to sophists. Finally, I address the platonic political-pedagogical project’s need for a concept of childhood as heteronomous, and consider whether this need is or is not a mark of all political-pedagogical projects, and indeed of all political discussion between contesting discourses. (shrink)

Este artigo apresenta o diálogo Górgias de Platão como um cenário interessante por onde pensar a relação do ensino de filosofia com interlocutores não-filósofos, buscando pontos de encontro entre a cena antiga e a cena de hoje. Os três personagens do diálogo platônico são pensados a partir de afetos que os caracterizam na relação com o ensino socrático e a intenção é ver em que medida o ensino de filosofia se modifica de acordo com esses afetos.

Para além de O mestre ignorante - O encontro entre filosofia e educação como questão filósofico-política a partir da obra de Jacques Rancière Resumo: Este artigo busca situar, a partir da filosofia de Jacques Rancière, em que medida a educação se constitui um verdadeiro problema à filosofia política. A partir da análise que o filósofo francês faz do encontro polêmico entre filosofia e democracia na filosofia platônica, buscamos traçar alguns paralelismos com relação ao encontro, também polêmico, entre filosofia e educação. (...) Pretende-se, assim, lançar novas luzes sobre o que poderíamos chamar de uma filosofia política da educação. Para isso sustentamos duas hipóteses de trabalho: a primeira, de que o lugar da educação no pensamento de Rancière precisa ser compreendido para além de Le maître ignorant (1987); a segunda, de que a filosofia política de Rancière busca uma superação dos impasses gerados pela lógica da emancipação intelectual de Jacotot. Assim, pensar com Rancière o uso pedagógico em política e em estética pode nos auxiliar a situar a relação entre educação e democracia em outras bases. Palavras-chave: Filosofia política da educação; Jacques Rancière; Filosofia política; Emancipação intelectual; Democracia. Beyond The Ignorant Schoolmaster – The encounter of Philosophy and Education as a philosophical-political question from Jacques Rancière's work Abstract: Based on Jacques Rancière's philosophy, this article seeks to determine the extent to which education constitutes a real problem for political philosophy. From the French philosopher's analysis of the controversial encounter between philosophy and democracy in Platonic philosophy, we seek to draw some parallels with regard to the also controversial encounter between philosophy and education. This is intended to shed new light on what we might call a political philosophy of education. For this we support two working hypotheses: first, that the place of education in Rancière's thought must be understood beyond Le maître ignorant (1987); second, that Rancière's political philosophy seeks to overcome the impasses generated by Jacotot's logic of intellectual emancipation. Thus, thinking with Rancière about pedagogical use in politics and aesthetics can help us situate the relationship between education and democracy on other grounds.Keywords: Political philosophy of education; Jacques Rancière; Political philosophy, Intellectual emancipation; Democracy. Au-delà de Le maître ignorant – La reencontre de la philosophie et de l'éducation en tant que question politico-philosophique de l'œvre de Jacques Rancière Résumé: Basé sur la philosophie de Jacques Rancière, cet article cherche à déterminer dans quelle mesure l'éducation constitue un problème réel pour la philosophie politique. À partir de l'analyse du philosophe français entre philosophie et démocratie dans la philosophie platonicienne, nous cherchons à établir des parallèles avec la rencontre également controversée entre philosophie et education. Cela vise à jeter un nouvel éclairage sur ce que nous pourrions appeler une philosophie politique de l'éducation. Pour cela, nous soutenons deux hypotheses de travail: premièrement, la place de l'éducation dans la pensée de Rancière doit être comprise au-delà de Le maître ignorant (1987); deuxièmement, que la philosophie politique de Rancière cherche à surmonter les impasses générées par la logique d'émancipation intellectuelle de Jacotot. Ainsi, réfléchir avec Rancière à une utilisation pédagogique en politique et en esthétique peut nous aider à situer la relation entre éducation et démocatie sur d'autres bases.Mot-clé: Philosophie politique de l'éducation; Jacques Rancière; Philosophie politique; Emancipation intellectuelle; Démocratie. Data de registro: 10/02/2020 Data de aceite: 29/09/2021. (shrink)