28 found
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  1. (2 other versions)Abduction and inference to the best explanation.Valeriano Iranzo - 2007 - Theoria 22 (3):339-346.
    Aliseda’s Abductive Reasoning is focused on the logical problem of abduction. My paper, in contrast, deals with the epistemic problems raised by this sort of inference. I analyze the relation between abduction and inference to the best explanation (IBE). Firstly a heuristic and a normative interpretation of IBE are distinguished. The epistemic problem is particularly pressing for the latter interpretation, since it is devoid of content without specific epistemic criteria for separating acceptable explanations from those which are not. Then I (...)
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  2.  43
    Bayesianism and inference to the best explanation.Valeriano Iranzo - 2008 - Theoria 23 (1):89-106.
    Bayesianism and Inference to the best explanation are two different models of inference. Recently there has been some debate about the possibility of “bayesianizing” IBE. Firstly I explore several alternatives to include explanatory considerations in Bayes’s Theorem. Then I distinguish two different interpretations of prior probabilities: “IBE-Bayesianism” and “frequentist-Bayesianism”. After detailing the content of the latter, I propose a rule for assessing the priors. I also argue that Freq-Bay: endorses a role for explanatory value in the assessment of scientific hypotheses; (...)
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  3.  51
    Epidemiological models and COVID-19: a comparative view.Valeriano Iranzo & Saúl Pérez-González - 2021 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 43 (3):1-24.
    Epidemiological models have played a central role in the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly when urgent decisions were required and available evidence was sparse. They have been used to predict the evolution of the disease and to inform policy-making. In this paper, we address two kinds of epidemiological models widely used in the pandemic, namely, compartmental models and agent-based models. After describing their essentials—some real examples are invoked—we discuss their main strengths and weaknesses. Then, on the basis of this analysis, we make (...)
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  4.  49
    On Ratio Measures of Confirmation: Critical Remarks on Zalabardo’s Argument for the Likelihood-Ratio Measure.Valeriano Iranzo & Ignacio Martínez de Lejarza - 2013 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 44 (1):193-200.
    There are different Bayesian measures to calculate the degree of confirmation of a hypothesis H in respect of a particular piece of evidence E. Zalabardo (Analysis 69:630–635, 2009) is a recent attempt to defend the likelihood-ratio measure (LR) against the probability-ratio measure (PR). The main disagreement between LR and PR concerns their sensitivity to prior probabilities. Zalabardo invokes intuitive plausibility as the appropriate criterion for choosing between them. Furthermore, he claims that it favours the ordering of pairs evidence/hypothesis generated by (...)
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  5.  35
    Assessing the role of evidence of mechanisms in causal extrapolation.Saúl Pérez-González & Valeriano Iranzo - 2021 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 36 (2):211-228.
    Extrapolation of causal claims from study populations to other populations of interest is a problematic issue. The standard approach in experimental research, which prioritises randomized controlled trials and statistical evidence, is not devoid of difficulties. Granted that, it has been defended that evidence of mechanisms is indispensable for causal extrapolation. We argue, contrarily, that this sort of evidence is not indispensable. Nonetheless, we also think that occasionally it may be helpful. In order to clarify its relevance, we introduce a distinction (...)
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  6.  50
    On the epistemic authority of experience.Valeriano Iranzo - 2009 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 17 (2):307 – 314.
    (2009). On the Epistemic Authority of Experience. International Journal of Philosophical Studies: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 307-314. doi: 10.1080/09672550902796822.
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  7.  19
    Filosofía y Ciencia en el Positivismo Lógico: una mirada retrospectiva.Valeriano Iranzo - 2020 - Contrastes: Revista Internacional de Filosofía 25 (1):95-117.
    El Positivismo Lógico a menudo ha sido presentado como una corriente filosófica monolítica obviando las profundas disensiones que hubo en su seno. El presente artículo pretende corregir esta visión. Los dos primeros apartados de este artículo describen la constitución del movimiento y los elementos supuestamente nucleares de la concepción filosófica positivista. El tercer apartado discute las discrepancias sobre el papel de la filosofía entre los autores más representativos del movimiento. Para concluir se sugiere que la vigencia del legado positivista reside (...)
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  8.  62
    Reliabilism and the Abductive Defence of Scientific Realism.Valeriano Iranzo - 2008 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 39 (1):115-120.
    According to the “no-miracles argument” (NMA), truth is the best explanation of the predictive-instrumental success of scientific theories. A standard objection against NMA is that it is viciously circular. In Scientific Realism: How Science Tracks Truth Stathis Psillos has claimed that the circularity objection can be met when NMA is supplemented with a reliabilist approach to justification. I will try to show, however, that scientific realists cannot take much comfort from this policy: if reliabilism makes no qualifications about the domain (...)
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  9.  35
    Bad Lots, Good Explanations.Valeriano Iranzo - 2001 - Critica 33 (98):71-96.
    Van Fraassen's argument from the "bad lot" challenges realist interpretations of inference to the best explanation. In this paper I begin by discussing the replies suggested by S. Psillos and P. Lipton. I do not find them convincing. However, I think that van Fraassen's argument is flawed. First of all, it is a non sequitur. Secondly, I think that the real target for the scientific realist is the underlying assumption that epistemic justification results from a comparative assessment among rival explanations. (...)
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  10. Explanatory Reasoning: A Probabilistic Interpretation.Valeriano Iranzo - 2016 - In Ángel Nepomuceno Fernández, Olga Pombo Martins & Juan Redmond (eds.), Epistemology, Knowledge and the Impact of Interaction. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
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  11.  25
    Constructive Empiricism and Scientific Practice. A Case Study.Valeriano Iranzo - 2002 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 17 (2):335-357.
    According to van Fraassen, constructive empiricism (CE) makes better sense of scientific activity than scientific realism (SR). I discuss a recent episode in biomedical research - investigations about Helicobacter Pylori and its relation to peptic ulcer. CE's expedient to cope with it is a sort of belief substitution. I argue that replacing realist beliefs by empiricist surrogates (as-if beliefs) could accommodate scientists' expectations and behavior. Nonetheless, theoretical agnosticism could hardly motivate scientists to focus just on the observational consequences derived from (...)
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  12. (1 other version)Manipulabilidad Y entidades inobservables (manipulability and unobservable entities).Valeriano Iranzo - 2000 - Theoria 15 (1):131-153.
    Una estrategia recientemente utilizada por los defensores deI realismo científico ha sido derivar implicaciones ontológicas deI contexto manipulativo-experimental. EI artículo pretende comparar y valorar dos enfoques diferentes deI argumento de la manipulabilidad -I. Hacking y R. Harré-, cuya idea basíca es que, de cara a establecer la existencia de una entidad, manipularla puede ser tan importante corno observarla. Por último, a fin de evitar los aspectos más cuestionables de ambos enfoques, propongo entender la eficacia manipulativa corno obtención de informacion fiable. (...)
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  13. Inductivist Strategies for Scientific Realism.Valeriano Iranzo - 2012 - Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities 101 (1):241-268.
    Philip Kitcher has developed a sort of inductivist-reliabilist justification for scientific realism. After distinguishing his argument from a well-known abductivist one (the "no-miracles" argument), I will argue that Kitcher's proposal cannot adequately meet the antirealist challenge. Firstly, it begs the question against the antirealists; secondly, it can hardly support a plausible - piecemeal - scientific realism. I will explore an alternative inductivist approach that exploits correlations between theoretical properties and empirical success. On my view, its prospects for avoiding the aforementioned (...)
     
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  14.  26
    Naturalismo, realismo psicológico y justificación.Tobies Grimaltos & Valeriano Iranzo - 2005 - In Tobies Grimaltos & Julián Pacho (eds.), La naturalización de la filosofía: problemas y límites. Valencia: Editorial Pre-Textos. pp. 93.
  15.  63
    Coherencia y justificación.Valeriano Iranzo - 1998 - Revista de Filosofía (Madrid) 20 (1):91.
    El articulo analiza dos enfoques coherentistas de lajíístifícación (K. Lehrer y L. Boniour). Ambas versiones se consideran insatisfactorias. En primer lugar, sobrecargan el aparato introspectivo del sujeto cpistémi co, lo cual impide dar cuenta de nuestras intuiciones preanalíticas sobre sujetos "limitados" (niños o animales>. Por otro lado, no consiguen esta blecer un viculo convincente entre justificación ----entendida como cohe í'encia--- y verdad entendida como correspondencia.
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  16. El dilema del realismo experimental.Valeriano Iranzo - 2008 - Episteme (Porto Alegre) 28 (1):59-88.
  17. Epistemic Values in Science.Valeriano Iranzo - 1995 - Sorites 1:81-95.
    The paper is a critical examination of some aspects of Laudan's views in his book Science and Values. Not only do the aims of science change; there are axiological disputes in science as well. Scientific disagreements are not solely theoretical or methodological. Progress in science consists not only in developing new theories more suitable for implementing certain epistemic values than earlier ones but also in reaching a deeper understanding of those values. The paper considers whether there are principles to guide (...)
     
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  18. Filosofía de la ciencia e historia de la ciencia.Valeriano Iranzo - 2005 - Quaderns de Filosofia i Ciència 35:19-43.
    The paper analyzes which is the proper role of history of science in philosophy of science. I argue that, traditionally, philosophy of science has focused on the normative dimension of science. Several positions within philosophy of science stem from different perspectives on such dimension. I classify them according to two variables . Then I discuss the role of history of science within all these four alternatives. I conclude that: philosophers and historians pursue not only different, but opposite aims; historical evidence (...)
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  19.  6
    Guest editor’s presentation.Valeriano Iranzo - 2021 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 36 (2):169-172.
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  20.  35
    Justificación y perspectiva epistémica.Valeriano Iranzo - 2006 - Revista de Filosofía (Madrid) 31 (1):21-36.
  21.  62
    La predicción científica. Concepciones filosófico-metodológicas desde H. Reichenbach a N. Rescher.Valeriano Iranzo - 2012 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 27 (1):117-119.
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  22. Medidas de apoyo evidencial: Un análisis comparativo.Valeriano Iranzo & I. Martínez de Lejarza - 2010 - Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 29.
  23. Measures of evidential support: a comparative analysis.Valeriano Iranzo & Ignacio Martinez de Lejarza - 2010 - Teorema: International Journal of Philosophy 29 (3):5-30.
  24.  36
    Probabilidad inicial y éxito probabilístico.Valeriano Iranzo - 2009 - Análisis Filosófico 29 (1):39-71.
    Una cuestión controvertida en la teoría bayesiana de la confirmación es el estatus de las probabilidades iniciales. Aunque la tendencia dominante entre los bayesianos es considerar que la única constricción legítima sobre los valores de dichas probabilidades es la consistencia formal con los teoremas de la teoría matemática de la probabilidad, otros autores -partidarios de lo que se ha dado en llamar "bayesianismo objetivo"- defienden la conveniencia de restricciones adicionales. Mi propuesta, en el marco del bayesianismo objetivo, recoge una sugerencia (...)
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  25.  45
    Éxito, razón Y cambio en fisíca: Un enfoque instrumental en teoría de la ciencia.Valeriano Iranzo - 2006 - Theoria 21 (1):113-114.
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  26. (2 other versions)Review of A Metaphysics for Scientific Realism. [REVIEW]Valeriano Iranzo - 2010 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 25 (1):93-95.
  27.  23
    Ciencia, valores y relativismo. Una defensa de la filosofia de la ciencia. [REVIEW]Valeriano Iranzo - 2002 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 17 (2):389-391.
    Ciencia, valores y relativismo discute el papel desempeñado por los valores en la práctica científica. El subtítulo del libro-una defensa de la filosofía de la ciencia-es asimismo indicativo de la posición que defiende Rodríguez Alcázar. La crisis del fundamentismo en la teoría del conocimiento, y el derrumbe de la Concepción Heredada en la filosofía de la ciencia, han llevado a cuestionar la legitimidad del propio discurso filosófico sobre la ciencia y el conocimiento. Enfoques como el pragmatismo rortyano, el anarquismo epistemológico (...)
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  28.  19
    Rivadulla, Andrés (2004): Éxito, razón y cambio en física. Un enfoque instrumental en teoría de la ciencia. [REVIEW]Valeriano Iranzo - 2010 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 21 (1):113-114.
    El autor advierte en el prólogo que pretende reflexionar sobre la ciencia, y en particular sobre la física, “desde el punto de vista del físico que se enfrenta a algunos de los problemas filosóficos y metodológicos de su disciplina”. En esta línea, abundan en el libro interesantes referencias a episodios y temas de la física moderna. A través de ellos se intenta destilar las estrategias del físico practicante enfrentado a algunas de las cuestiones “perennes” de la filosofía de la ciencia. (...)
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