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Tess Johnson [20]Tessa Johnson [1]Tess F. Johnson [1]
  1.  23
    Stewardship according to context: Justifications for coercive antimicrobial stewardship policies in agriculture and their limitations.Tess Johnson - 2024 - Bioethics 38 (5):469-476.
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent, global threat to public health. The development and implementation of effective measures to address AMR is vitally important but presents important ethical questions. This is a policy area requiring further sustained attention to ensure that policies proposed in National Action Plans on AMR are ethically acceptable and preferable to alternatives that might be fairer or more effective, for instance. By ethically analysing case studies of coercive actions to address AMR across countries, we can better (...)
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  2.  25
    Justifying the More Restrictive Alternative: Ethical Justifications for One Health AMR Policies Rely on Empirical Evidence.Tess Johnson & William Matlock - 2023 - Public Health Ethics 16 (1):22-34.
    Global consumption of antibiotics has accelerated the evolution of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. Yet, the risks from increasing bacterial antimicrobial resistance are not restricted to human populations: transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria occurs between humans, farms, the environment and other reservoirs. Policies that take a ‘One Health’ approach deal with this cross-reservoir spread, but are often more restrictive concerning human actions than policies that focus on a single reservoir. As such, the burden of justification lies with these more restrictive policies. We (...)
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  3.  16
    For the Good of the Globe: Moral Reasons for States to Mitigate Global Catastrophic Biological Risks.Tess F. Johnson - forthcoming - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry:1-12.
    Actions to prepare for and prevent pandemics are a common topic for bioethical analysis. However, little attention has been paid to global catastrophic biological risks more broadly, including pandemics with artificial origins, the creation of agents for biological warfare, and harmful outcomes of human genome editing. What’s more, international policy discussions often focus on economic arguments for state action, ignoring a key potential set of reasons for states to mitigate global catastrophic biological risks: moral reasons. In this paper, I frame (...)
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  4.  17
    Developing an Ethical Evaluation Framework for Coercive Antimicrobial Stewardship Policies.Tess Johnson - 2024 - Public Health Ethics 17 (1-2):11-23.
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been declared one of the top ten global public health threats facing humanity. To address AMR, coercive antimicrobial stewardship policies are being enacted in some settings. These policies, like all in public health, require ethical justification. Here, I introduce a framework for ethically evaluating coercive antimicrobial stewardship policies on the basis of ethical justifications (and their limitations). I consider arguments from effectiveness; duty of easy rescue; tragedy of the commons; responsibility-tracking; the harm principle; paternalism; justice and (...)
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  5.  40
    Free to Decide: The Positive Moral Right to Reproductive Choice.Tess Johnson - 2021 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 31 (3):303-326.
    The advent of novel assisted reproductive technologies has considerably expanded our sphere of control over our reproduction, and consequently, the scope of ethical debate surrounding reproductive choice. The widespread availability of genetic selection, in particular, raises questions regarding what reproductive choice does and should entail. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for genetic selection builds on in vitro fertilization. It forces us to confront questions of whether a moral right to reproductive choice extends not only to the decisions whether to have children and (...)
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  6.  23
    Spatial and mathematics skills: Similarities and differences related to age, SES, and gender.Tessa Johnson, Alexander P. Burgoyne, Kelly S. Mix, Christopher J. Young & Susan C. Levine - 2022 - Cognition 218 (C):104918.
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  7.  30
    A trade‐off: Antimicrobial resistance and COVID‐19.Tess Johnson - 2021 - Bioethics 1 (1):1-9.
    As we combat the COVID-19 pandemic, both the prescription of antimicrobials and the use of biocidal agents have increased in many countries. Although these measures can be expected to benefit existing people by, to some extent, mitigating the pandemic's effects, they may threaten long-term well-being of existing and future people, where they contribute to the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A trade-off dilemma thus presents itself: combat COVID-19 using these measures, or stop using them in order to protect against AMR. (...)
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  8.  28
    A trade-off: Antimicrobial resistance and COVID-19.Tess Johnson - 2021 - Bioethics 35 (9):947-955.
    As we combat the COVID-19 pandemic, both the prescription of antimicrobials and the use of biocidal agents have increased in many countries. Although these measures can be expected to benefit existing people by, to some extent, mitigating the pandemic's effects, they may threaten long-term well-being of existing and future people, where they contribute to the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A trade-off dilemma thus presents itself: combat COVID-19 using these measures, or stop using them in order to protect against AMR. (...)
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  9.  28
    Enhancing the collectivist critique: accounts of the human enhancement debate.Tess Johnson - 2021 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 1 (4):721-730.
    Individualist ethical analyses in the enhancement debate have often prioritised or only considered the interests and concerns of parents and the future child. The collectivist critique of the human enhancement debate argues that rather than pure individualism, a focus on collectivist, or group-level ethical considerations is needed for balanced ethical analysis of specific enhancement interventions. Here, I defend this argument for the insufficiency of pure individualism. However, existing collectivist analyses tend to take a negative approach that hinders them from adequately (...)
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  10. The Ethics of Genetic Enhancement: Key Concepts and Future Prospects.Jonathan Anomaly & Tess Johnson - 2016 - In Steve Clarke, Julian Savulescu, C. A. J. Coady, Alberto Giubilini & Sagar Sanyal (eds.), The Ethics of Human Enhancement: Understanding the Debate. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. pp. 143-151.
  11.  25
    The relationship between speculation and translation in Bioethics: methods and methodologies.Tess Johnson & Elizabeth Chloe Romanis - 2023 - Monash Bioethics Review 41 (1):1-19.
    There are increasing pressures for bioethics to emphasise ‘translation’. Against this backdrop, we defend ‘speculative bioethics’. We explore speculation as an important tool and line of bioethical inquiry. Further, we examine the relationship between speculation and translational bioethics and posit that speculation can support translational work. First, speculative research might be conducted as ethical analysis of contemporary issues through a new lens, in which case it supports translational work. Second, speculation might be a first step prior to translational work on (...)
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  12.  7
    Systemic intervention can be intrusive, too: a reply to Paetkau.Tess Johnson - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (10):692-693.
    In his feature article, Tyler Paetkau1 argues that the Nuffield Council on Bioethics’ (NCOB) infamous intervention ladder2 fails to acknowledge systemic influences towards poor health outcomes and instead places the blame on individuals. The ladder of interventions to change individual health behaviours runs from less intrusive to more intrusive and pays less attention to possible regulatory mechanisms for big businesses that would often avoid such intrusion on individuals and the punitive implications of that intrusion. Paetkau cites smoking bans and food (...)
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  13.  19
    Ethical issues in Nipah virus control and research: addressing a neglected disease.Tess Johnson, Euzebiusz Jamrozik, Tara Hurst, Phaik Yeong Cheah & Michael J. Parker - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (9):612-617.
    Nipah virus is a priority pathogen that is receiving increasing attention among scientists and in work on epidemic preparedness. Despite this trend, there has been almost no bioethical work examining ethical considerations surrounding the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of Nipah virus or research that has already begun into animal and human vaccines. In this paper, we advance the case for further work on Nipah virus disease in public health ethics due to the distinct issues it raises concerning communication about the (...)
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  14.  40
    Funder priority for vaccines: Implications of a weak Lockean claim.Anantharaman Muralidharan, G. Owen Schaefer, Tess Johnson & Julian Savulescu - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (9):978-988.
    The development of some COVID-19 vaccines by private companies like Moderna and Sanofi-GSK has been substantially funded by various governments. While the Sanofi CEO has previously suggested that countries that fund this development ought to be given some priority, this suggestion has not been taken seriously in the literature. Considerations of nationalism, sustainability, need, and equitability have been more extensively discussed with respect to whether and how much a country is entitled to advance purchase orders of the vaccine under conditions (...)
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  15.  13
    Genetic Immunisation.Tess Johnson & Alberto Giubilini - 2021 - In David Edmonds (ed.), Future Morality. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Usa.
    [book blurb:] The world is changing so fast that it's hard to know how to think about what we ought to do. We barely have time to reflect on how scientific advances will affect our lives before they're upon us. New kinds of dilemma are springing up. Can robots be held responsible for their actions? Will artificial intelligence be able to predict criminal activity? Is the future gender-fluid? Should we strive to become post-human? Should we use drugs to improve our (...)
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  16.  9
    Is Resource Allocation that is Sensitive to Vaccination Status Coercive? Who Cares?Tess Johnson - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (7):106-108.
    Park and Davies (2024) discuss the allocation of scarce resources during a pandemic—primarily ventilators and healthcare staff—and assess the ethical concepts that are used in arguments for and aga...
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  17.  23
    The relationship between speculation and translation in bioethics: methods and methodologies.Tess Johnson & Elizabeth Chloe Romanis - 2023 - Monash Bioethics Review 1:doi: 10.1007/s40592-023-00181-z.
    There are increasing pressures for bioethics research to have translational purposes. Against this backdrop, we argue in defense of speculative bioethics. We explore methods of speculation and their importance. Further, we examine the relationship between speculative bioethics and translational bioethics and posit that they are not dimorphous enterprises, but often support each other. First, speculative research might be conducted as ethical analysis of contemporary issues through a new lens, in which case it is a means of conducting translational work. Second, (...)
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  18.  20
    Considering the Collective in Ethical Decision-Making Concerning Non-Medical Uses of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing.Tess Johnson - 2023 - American Journal of Bioethics 23 (3):23-25.
    In their recently published target article, Bowman-Smart et al. (2023) summarize the ethical issues at play in both the case for and the case against using NIPT to screen for non-medical traits.The...
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  19.  39
    In Defense of Heritable Human Genome Editing: On the Geneva Statement by Andorno et al.Tess Johnson - 2020 - Trends in Biotechnology 3 (39):218-219.
    A paper by Andorno and colleagues, recently published in Trends in Biotechnology, condemns support for heritable human genome editing (HHGE) that is claimed to be premature and to have occurred without sufficient public consultation. The general message of the paper is welcome in its emphasis on the importance of gaining broader perspectives on the uses and regulation of HHGE before calls for clinical use are made. However, some problematic arguments for their position lead them to seemingly condemn not only current (...)
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  20.  26
    Towards responsible, lawful and ethical data processing: Patient data in the UK.Tess Johnson, Konrad Kollnig & Pierre Dewitte - 2022 - Internet Policy Review 1 (11).
    In May 2021, the UK National Health Service (NHS) proposed a scheme—called General Practice Data for Planning Research (GPDPR)—for sharing patients’ data. Under that system, a patient who does not wish to participate must actively opt out of their data being shared with third parties for research and other purposes. In this paper, we analyse the lessons that can be learned for the responsible and ethical governance of health data from the NHS’ new scheme. More specifically, we explore the extent (...)
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  21.  2
    Coercive public health policies need context-specific ethical justifications.Tess Johnson, Lerato Ndlovu, Omolara O. Baiyegunhi, Wezzie S. Lora & Nicola Desmond - forthcoming - Monash Bioethics Review:1-22.
    Public health policies designed to improve individual and population health may involve coercion. These coercive policies require ethical justification, and yet it is unclear in the public health ethics literature which ethical concepts might justify coercion, and what their limitations are in applying across contexts. In this paper, we analyse a number of concepts from Western bioethics, including the harm principle, paternalism, the public interest, and a duty of easy rescue. We find them plausible justifications for coercion in theory, but (...)
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  22. Genetic immunization: enhancement or public health measure? (2nd edition).Tess Johnson - 2018 - In Sorin Hostiuc (ed.), Clinical Ethics at the Crossroads of Genetic and Reproductive Technologies. Academic Press. pp. Chapter 21.
    Imagine a future in which a country’s government is thinking about whether to pursue human enhancement. There are several ways that humans might be enhanced, among them physical aids, pharmaceutical interventions, and genetic modification. In this imagined scenario...
     
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