Тип російської цивілізації визначається великим впливом Візантії. Важливим фактором для останньої було протистояння візантійського життя і варварського Заходу. Особливості візантійського православ’я вплинули на формування російського світогляду. Доведено, що основні думки російських ліберальних богословів про необхідність модернізації православного життя в Росії і що універсальне розуміння прав і свобод відкидаються ієрархію РПЦ. У статті аналізуються розвиток сучасної політичної риторики РПЦ і її процес становлення домінантної наративи. Порушується питання про еволюцію основних наративних структур, які використовуються у виступах і проповідях Патріарха Московського і всієї (...) Русі Кирила. (shrink)

The paper looks into the phenomenon of criticism of the Russian World concept in contemporary Ukrainian religious, political and social discourses. It is shown that the propagandistic ideological narrative model, developed according to numerous historical analogs, is becoming a subject of critical analysis by specialists in many scientific areas. Experts' views coincide in many respects but there are also different stances on some disputable issues. The historical aspiration of Russia for domination and substantiation of its unique nature is considered the (...) root of the concept. This explains the use of such narrative constructs as "Moscow is the third Rome", "specific civilization" etc. Based on evidence of competent authorities, the author proves that the concept was most likely developed by a group of leading Russian ideologists in the late 20th century. It acquired the modern conservative and nationalist form only after it had become an object of interest of Russian clerical circles and started spreading through church resources. The symbolic figure in this respect is the current Moscow Patriarch Kyrylo who has been an active promoter of the Russian World concept from the early 21st century. After he had been voted into the Patriarch office, Kyrylo turned the Russian World into the leading church and political narrative. The wide use of the concept for political purposes was consistently criticized for undisguised militarism, aggressive and nationalistic ideas underpinning the Russian World. According to numerous experts, these ideas have no common root with Christianity, sometimes being in open contradiction with the latter. Critical studies also indicate that the basis of the Russian World is the belief that the Russian culture and language are culturally superior to historical achievements of numerous other peoples, including the Ukrainians. As historical experience shows, the use of such ideological concepts as the Russian World results in consolidation of society around one national idea and expansion of aggressive state policy to neighboring countries. (shrink)

У статті розглянуто тему сучасної критики православ'я в Росії. Представлена детальна картина феномену релігійної критики в умовах сучасного соціокультурного дискурсу, проаналізовано декілька провідних напрямків критики православ'я як із боку представників самої церкви, так і з середовища представників світського суспільства.

The article considers the features contemporary transformations narratives official Russian Orthodoxy in the years 2015-2016. At the end of 2015 and in 2016 narrative "Russian world" Patriarch and his entourage tried to upgrade using the ideal of "solidarity." The ideas of "solidarity" in the XX century evolved differently in Catholic social teaching and fascism. Spokesman of the Russian Orthodox Church sees the embodiment of the ideals of solidarity in the best manifestations of Soviet mentality. "Solidarism" in the rhetoric of the (...) Patriarch and his entourage are a means of legitimizing Russian nationalism and revanchism. According to the Patriarch of core values and "Russian world" is "faith, state, justice, solidarity and dignity." These values must be an alternative to liberal values - freedom, rights, human rights. According to Patriarch values should determine the policy, and especially value the unity of the Russian people and state. This means that the patriarch claim to symbolic power over the politicians of Russia and neighboring countries. Іn rhetoric of patriarch the West, with its core value of freedom, embodies evil. Russia tempted by Western values, and this is the cause of many crises. The role of savior in this narrative belongs to the church and its leadership. Present rated as the culmination of the struggle between good and evil. The future victory of good patriarch linked not only to preserve the unity and uniqueness of Russia, but the triumph of traditionalism in Europe, the adoption of the values of solidarity society. (shrink)

Svitlana Shkil’s article «Reception of meeting Patriarch Kirill and Pope Francis in the information space of the Russian Orthodox Church» examined reaction to a meeting of religious leaders in Havana speakers of the three trends in Russian Orthodoxy - conservatives, fundamentalists, liberals. This unprecedented event caused a wide resonance in the Russian information space of the church, caused a broad discussion on the future of Russian Orthodoxy.