Normative theories suggest that inconsistencies be pointed out to the Decision Maker who is thus given the chance to modify his/her judgments. In this paper, we suggest that the inconsistencies problem be transferred from the Decision Maker to the Analyst. With the Mixture of Maximal Quasi Orders, rather than pointing out incoherences for the Decision Maker to change, these inconsistencies may be used as new source of information to model his/her preferences.

Recensión de A. Rubio Castro (ed.), Los desafíos de la Familia Matrimonial (Estudio Multidisciplinar en Derecho de Familia), Instituto Andaluz de la Mujer, Sevilla, 2000.

Principialismo, bioética personalista y principios de acción en medicina y en servicios de salud Principialismo, bioética personalista e princípios de ação em medicina e serviços de saúde Since there is a gap and differences between bioethical concepts and other principles of action arising from the practice of modern medicine, their comparison is reasonable. Modern medicine has created principles of action based on evidence and principles of quality in medicine, and bioethical argumentation frequently resorts to principlism or personalist bioethics. This article (...) intends to illustrate the characteristics of the relationships between these concepts and their potential mutual enrichment. A simple, practical comparison matrix is proposed to compare the relationship between principles. These concepts have a significant overlap; however, both in the history of ideas and in their formulation, they are very dissimilar. Emphasis is placed on the contextual value of this analysis given by global health trends and some implications for medicine from personalist bioethics. Para citar este artículo / To reference this article / Para citar este artigo Insua JT. Principialismo, bioética personalista y principios de acción en medicina y en servicios de salud. pers. bioét. 2018; 22: 223-246. DOI: 10.5294/pebi.2018.22.2.3. (shrink)

Every culture represents a long-time historical process result that strengthens each strain and characteristic of individuals. The Mexican culture has typical characteristics such as kindness, funny, and not-soserious in some other aspects. Nevertheless, the Japanese culture is very different. Influenced by ideas like honor, obligations, and duty. These characteristics are known as “Giri”. Manners are completely different from Western countries' ideas, where you can find more liberal and individualistic cultures. An important element of the Japanese culture is the language. It (...) is because it represents their culture, religion, ethics, and their particular humor sense. This is why it is considered difficult to completely interpret it by other cultures. Currently, the Japanese language is the world´s 9th most spoken language with an approximated amount of 127 million speakers, therefore, understanding the language will let us understand Japanese culture in a better way. Considering the context explained above, this document has an objective: Strengthen the student’s knowledge and make aware them of the proper use of the Japanese language, Japanese manners, and its traditions. Approaching the students to these scenarios by applying assertive communication through internationalization experiences. (shrink)

In "This is America," Katie Rios considers current American artists who build encoded gestures of resistance into their works. These gestures recur across images, live performances, and videos, becoming recognizable acts of resistance leveled at injustices based on a number of categories, including race, gender, class, religion, and politics.

PurposeCodes of ethics are important instruments in journalism, as they promote transparency and self-regulation of media, in addition to monitoring the quality of information. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the perceptions that Spanish journalists have of the effectiveness of codes of ethics and to evaluate the different personal and professional variables which condition this vision.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used in the present study is based on quantitative content analysis using the survey technique. This technique makes it possible to obtain (...) empirical data on various key aspects of the profession that are determining factors in ascertaining Spanish journalists’ views of one of the instruments of accountability that is external to the media: general ethical codes.FindingsThe results show that Spanish journalists are largely confident in the effectiveness of ethical codes in their profession. Likewise, it was seen that variables such as age, professional experience or the media with which they work influence the perceptions that professionals have of such instruments.Originality/valueIf understanding journalism as a profession whose mission is to guarantee the citizens their right to information, then it is essential to be familiar with the tools provided by the profession itself to be accountable to the public regarding this professional mission. Hence the importance of instruments of accountability and the perceptions of the professionals themselves regarding their effectiveness. (shrink)

Culture has traditionally been considered as a set of knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, norms, and morals, acquired by a human being as a member of a group. Some anthropologists interpret this as a set of abstract representations, such as information or knowledge, while others interpret it as behavioral control mechanisms. These views assume that the contents of a particular culture must be processed by the minds of individuals, either in a direct way or by resorting to learned mental structures in (...) processes of symbolic socialization. Some critics suggest a problem with these perspectives since they do not provide a convincing explanation of the enculturation process beyond metaphorical images of transfer or internalization of symbolic cultural contents through linguistic transmission. The new embodied theories of cognition, especially enactivism, could give new ideas about what enculturation processes are like, through the concept of participatory sense-making in material culture environments. In this essay, we discuss how an enactive vision of culture could be, and what advantages it would have, as well as the challenges and weaknesses in explaining the culture and its learning processes. (shrink)

Rousseau has always had an uncertain relationship with the theory of constituent power. On the one hand, his distrust of political representation and support for popular sovereignty seem consistent with the idea of the people as a legally unlimited constitution-maker. On the other hand, if, from those views about representation and sovereignty, it follows that Rousseau is a proponent of direct democracy, then there seems to be no place in his thought for a theory that presupposes, above all, a separation (...) between those who exercise a delegated authority and those who possess an original constitution-making power. In a legal order in which all laws must be directly made by the people, such a separation is absent: the constituent and the legislative body are one and the same. It is therefore not surprising that Rousseau’s name is largely absent from contemporary literature on constituent power. In this article, however, I will show that once Rousseau’s particular conception of law, as well as his distinction between sovereignty and government, are properly understood, one finds in his work not only the first major formulation of the theory of constituent power, but also a careful exploration of its implications for actual constitutional practice. (shrink)

A reacção anti-positivista, não assumindo a uniformidade ou quase uniformidade da concepção de que se dizia antagonista, não deixou de assumir posição destacada, estando na origem do renascimento especulativo no nosso país nas duas últimas centúrias Merece, assim, ser estudada seriamente O positivismo foi uma corrente filosófica nos finais do século XIX, de tal modo dominante que se tornou uma espécie de moda Penetrou, profundamente, nos es elecimentos de ensino, no jornalismo, na política, recebendo, em certos planos, uma aberta consagração (...) legal Não parece de estranhar que despertasse a resposta crítica de adversários relevantes, que não estavam dispostos a aceitar-lhes passivamente as directrizes. (shrink)

No vigor intelectual dos seus 75 anos desapareceu do nosso convívio em Junho de 2003 Eduardo Abranches de Soveral A sua dimensão humana como especulativa permite situá-lo naquele patamar de homens a que podemos chamar Mestres Distinto pelo saber, pela compreensão e carácter, e com a profunda marca que deixou na Faculdade de Letras do Porto, sobretudo no curso de Filosofia, o Grupo de Investigação Raízes e Horizontes da Filosofia e da Cultura em Portugal, do Gabinete de Filosofia Moderna e (...) Contemporânea do Instituto de Filosofia da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto (deste Instituto tendo sido seu primeiro Presidente), não podia deixar de lhe prestar a justa homenagem, ao mesmo tempo contribuindo para a divulgação da sua vasta obra Eduardo Abranches de Soveral, Pensador, Filósofo e Humanista foi a designação que escolhemos para este colóquio que durante dois dias reuniu no Anfiteatro Nobre da FLUP cerca de trinta conferencistas para proceder a um estudo sistemático da obra do professor e do filósofo português, integrando-o no contexto do pensamento filosófico português e do pensamento europeu seu contemporâneo, integrando ainda textos de outros especialistas no pensamento de Eduardo Abranches de Soveral, que, não tendo participado no Colóquio, nem por isso deixaram de dar o seu contributo para este volume Grupo de Investigação Raízes e Horizontes da Filosofia e da Cultura em Portugal Instituto de Filosofia da Universidade do Porto. (shrink)

ESTUDOS SOBRE O PENSAMENTO FILOSÓFICO DE ANTÓNIO JOSÉ DE BRITO Quem haja seguido com compreensiva e valorativa atenção o percurso da reflexão filosófica portuguesa no último quarto do século XX, não poderá ter deixado de reconhecer o destacado lugar que nele ocupa a obra de António José de Brito, Professor Catedrático jubilado da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, pelo exigente rigor, coerência sistemática e originalidade do seu pensamento de cariz dialéctico, desenvolvido a partir da noção principial de Insuperável, (...) bem como a inteligência e penetração hermenêuticas que sempre revelam os seus estudos e ensaios sobre diversos filósofos portugueses O presente Volume reúne não só os textos das comunicações no Colóquio de Homenagem ao ilustre filósofo e mestre portuense, como contém outros textos sobre o seu pensamento, de individualidades que, embora impossibilitadas de nele participar, quiseram associar-se a esta homenagem, como igualmente, na ula Gratulatória, uma série de outros nomes que a esta homenagem se quiseram igualmente associar. (shrink)

The presence of Neoplatonism in contemporary french phenomenology has a pregnance that crosses its most relevant points. Jean-Luc Marion's work does not escape this. In this work we approach the marionian appropriation of Nicholas of Cusa's thought, in the light of his writing Certitudes négatives, with the intention of understanding the cusanu´s ignorant doctrine as a way of negative certainty. La presencia del neoplatonismo en la fenomenología francesa contemporánea posee una pregnancia que atraviesa sus puntos más relevantes. La obra de (...) Jean-Luc Marion no escapa a esto. En este trabajo abordamos la apropiación marioniana del pensamiento de Nicolás de Cusa, a la luz de su escrito Certitudes négatives, con la intención de comprender la doctrina ignorante del Cusano como un modo de certeza negativa. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Despite journalism’s commitment to ethical principles such as accuracy, humanity and diversity, compliance with the gender perspective in content is still minimal in approximately one hundred countries. This inequality reinforces misperceptions, imbalances, and perceived differences between men and women. To address this situation, from 2010 to 2021, eight Spanish media companies appointed a new editorial position responsible for self-regulating gender equality. This qualitative study focused on 10 journalists who currently exercise or have exercised that job, to detect, describe and (...) propose the implementation of this new professional role. This study suggests that gender editing has advanced equality in parity of sourcing and the presence of women in the opinion sections, but implementation of equality in overall content is more difficult. Gender editors’ daily work is hampered by a lack of management support and an absence of independence in editorial decisions. (shrink)

El presente artículo analiza lexicoestadísticamente un corpus textual de relatos de vida lectora escritos por profesores en formación, con énfasis en los índices de frecuencia, riqueza léxica, representatividad y curva de cobertura; y compara los resultados obtenidos con los de otros corpus de español. Además, analiza cualitativamente las unidades léxicas de mayor frecuencia desde la semántica del estereotipo. Desde el punto de vista cuantitativo, releva los cien vocablos más frecuentes del corpus, determina que la curva de cobertura es más acelerada (...) que las de otros corpus escritos y se acerca a la de corpus orales, precisa el índice de riqueza léxica a partir de dos fórmulas complementarias y presenta los listados de vocablos con contenido nocional y de nombres propios con Fi ≥2, con indicación de su rango. Esto se acompaña de un análisis por estereotipos que da cuenta de una marcada asociación entre lectura y géneros literarios, así como de asociaciones contradictorias, entre las que destaca, por un lado, la de lectura con placer, tiempo libre y capacidad adquisitiva y, por otro, la de lectura con aburrimiento, obligatoriedad, instituciones educativas y bibliotecas. (shrink)

La distinción entre arte culto y arte popular, como un caso particular de la distinción entre alta cultura y cultura popular, forma parte de los principios de la teoría estética. En este artículo tratamos de ver cuál es el fundamento de la misma, así como de analizar el trasfondo estético de las críticas al arte popular, para, desde ahí, emprender una defensa del mismo en el ámbito de la teoría del arte, con la intención de situarla en paridad con el (...) arte culto, es decir, como un producto que puede no sólo satisfacer los criterios de la tradición estética, sino que, además, puede enriquecer el concepto tradicional de lo estético y aspirar al mismo valor que el arte consagrado. (shrink)

Los procesos de internacionalización de capitales, así como también el efecto de los medios de comunicación y la producción del conocimiento con sus estrategias racionalizadoras, generan globalmente movimientos sobre los territorios y, muy particularmente, sobre aquellos territorios ricos en biodiversidad; los cuales son presionados para abrirse y negociar productos, patrimonios, experiencias y significados. Desde un punto de vista sociocultural, la apertura vivida en lo local implica que los territorios pongan en juego diferentes esquemas adaptativos. Adaptaciones que requieren la colaboración y (...) coayuda de las Ciencias Sociales. El objetivo del artículo es explicitar una estrategia metodológica que, en concordancia a un corpus discursivo vinculado a la complejidad, posibilite investigaciones en los territorios locales y con ello se potencie interlocuciones con lo global. En este sentido, la Antropología del Territorio constituye una aproximación teórico-metodológica reflexiva y activa, cuyos atractores investigativos son los imaginarios territoriales y los modos de vivir y habitar. (shrink)

¿Cuál es el estado de los debates académicos sobre el sexismo en los currículos universitarios de filosofía? La pregunta, así formulada, busca delimitar las principales disputas sobre la incorporación de enfoque de género en los currículos filosóficos en la literatura de la última década. Atendiendo a la revisión sistemática de literatura se realizaron búsquedas en Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, JSTOR, Taylor & Francis y Google Scholar, entre 2012-2022; la estrategia de análisis se centró en los debates recurrentes en el (...) campo. Se analizaron 98 estudios y cinco debates según los cuales las prácticas curriculares excluyentes no permiten la materialización de una educación filosófica inclusiva e intercultural: 1) sesgos implícitos, amenazas por estereotipos y clima hostil, 2) reconocimiento de las mujeres filósofas en el canon y la historia de la filosofía, 3) injusticias epistémicas en la filosofía académica, 4) voces de las mujeres negras en la profesión filosófica y 5) ausencia de las mujeres en la “normalización filosófica” latinoamericana. (shrink)

En este artículo analizo la aproximación “estética” de Malcolm Budd a la naturaleza, que sostiene que el modo correcto de experimentar la naturaleza es “como naturaleza” y no como arte. Estudio su relación con la idea kantiana de belleza libre y trato de mostrar que la belleza libre es un recurso teórico que deriva de la inevitable belleza dependiente. asimismo, basándome en la filosofía de Joseph Margolis, pretendo mostrar que “la naturaleza como naturaleza” es también un artefacto cultural.

Se plantea que los currículos universitarios actuales de filosofía se soportan en estructuras curriculares que conllevarían diversas modalidades de injusticias epistémicas, a saber: el anglo-eurocentrismo, el racismo, el sexismo y el humanismo. Con base en esta premisa, la cual se considera inscrita en la trayectoria histórica de los epistemicidios occidentales, se propone la necesidad de decolonización del currículo universitario de filosofía en las universidades colombianas. Se plantea como un proyecto urgente de acción educativa que, de modo inmediato, contribuiría a contrarrestar (...) las diversas modalidades de injusticias epistémicas y, transitivamente, impulsaría la materialización de lo que aquí se denomina justicia curricular. Esto no solo sería provechoso para mejorar y transformar los currículos de filosofía en el nivel de educación superior y el paulatino enriquecimiento epistemológico de la filosofía, sino que también aportaría a un reconocimiento saludable de la pluridiversidad en la universidad. (shrink)

Se ofrece una reflexión sobre los avances y las tendencias de discusión en la historia de la tradición filosófica en Colombia y sus presupuestos historiográficos, como un aporte al debate sobre la relevancia de pensar las tradiciones filosóficas nacionales en el siglo XXI. A partir de las categorías valorativas de las diferentes producciones intelectuales se determina si hacen parte o no de la tradición filosófica nacional. El concepto de “normalización filosófica” es analizado como categoría interpretativa de la tradición colombiana y (...) se sugiere su obsolescencia dadas sus implicaciones; con el propósito de superar el reduccionismo, la exclusión y el sesgo al que conlleva esta categoría. Se propone la reivindicación de los intentos de análisis social del siglo XIX y de las producciones filosóficas regionales con el propósito de aportar a una reconstrucción decolonial, amplia y sin sesgos de la historia de la tradición de la filosofía colombiana. (shrink)