Results for 'Sarah Bayer'

938 found
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  1.  63
    Moral agency without responsibility? Analysis of three ethical models of human-computer interaction in times of artificial intelligence (AI).Alexis Fritz, Wiebke Brandt, Henner Gimpel & Sarah Bayer - 2020 - De Ethica 6 (1):3-22.
    Philosophical and sociological approaches in technology have increasingly shifted toward describing AI (artificial intelligence) systems as ‘(moral) agents,’ while also attributing ‘agency’ to them. It is only in this way – so their principal argument goes – that the effects of technological components in a complex human-computer interaction can be understood sufficiently in phenomenological-descriptive and ethical-normative respects. By contrast, this article aims to demonstrate that an explanatory model only achieves a descriptively and normatively satisfactory result if the concepts of ‘(moral) (...)
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  2. Generics Articulate Default Generalizations.Sarah-Jane Leslie - 2012 - Recherches Linguistiques de Vincennes 41:25-45.
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  3. Nudges and hard choices.Sarah Zoe Raskoff - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (9):948-956.
    Nudges are small changes in the presentation of options that make a predictable impact on people's decisions. Proponents of nudges often claim that they are justified as paternalistic interventions that respect autonomy: they lead people to make better choices, while still letting them choose for themselves. However, existing work on nudges ignores the possibility of “hard choices”: cases where a person prefers one option in some respects, and another in other respects, but has no all‐things‐considered preference between the two. In (...)
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  4. A History of Greek Philosophy From the Earliest Period to the Time of Socrates.Eduard Zeller & Sarah Frances Alleyne - 1881 - Longmans, Green, and Co.
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  5.  63
    The new self-advocacy activism in psychiatry: Toward a scientific turn.Sarah Arnaud & Anne-Marie Gagné-Julien - forthcoming - Philosophical Psychology.
    The anti-psychiatry movement of the 20th century has notably denounced the role of values and social norms in the shaping of psychiatric categories. Recent activist movements also recognize that psychiatry is value-laden, however, they do not fight for a value-free psychiatry. On the contrary, some activist movements of the 21st century advocate for self-advocacy in sciences of mental health in order to reach a more accurate understanding of psychiatric categories/mental distress. By aiming at such epistemic gain, they depart from the (...)
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  6.  36
    Testing the attentional boundary conditions of subliminal semantic priming: the influence of semantic and phonological task sets.Sarah C. Adams & Markus Kiefer - 2012 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 6.
  7. Pragmatic encroachment and legal proof.Sarah Moss - 2021 - Philosophical Issues 31 (1):258-279.
    This paper uses some modest claims about knowledge to identify a significant problem for contemporary American trial procedure. First, suppose that legal proof requires knowledge. In particular, suppose that the defendant in a jury trial is proven guilty only if the jury knows that the defendant is guilty. Second, suppose that knowledge is subject to pragmatic encroachment. In particular, whether the jury knows the defendant is guilty depends on what’s at stake in their decision to convict, including the consequences that (...)
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  8.  73
    Global Constraints on Imprecise Credences: Solving Reflection Violations, Belief Inertia, and Other Puzzles.Sarah Moss - 2020 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 103 (3):620-638.
    Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Volume 103, Issue 3, Page 620-638, November 2021.
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  9.  22
    Masked Covid life: a socio-semiotic investigation.Sarah Marusek, Anne Wagner & Aleksandra Matulewska - 2022 - Semiotica 2022 (247):55-85.
    The necessity of wearing masks in response to the spread of the Covid-19 took Europe and the USA by surprise. Legislation needed to be enacted to enforce the obligation on citizens not used to such practices. The authors investigate the semiotic function of masks, legislations enacted to enforce their usage in public places, and the mask-related discourse with a view to seeing how societies reacted to this imposition. A broad semiotic perspective is provided to analyze different attitudes and types of (...)
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  10. Four-Dimensionalist Theories of Persistence.Sarah Moss - 2012 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 90 (4):671-686.
    I demonstrate that the theory of persistence defended in Sider [2001] does not accommodate our intuitions about counting sentences. I develop two theories that improve on Sider's: a contextualist theory and an error theory. I argue that the latter is stronger, simpler, and better fitted to some important ordinary language judgments than rival four-dimensionalist theories of persistence.
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  11. Beyond Components of Wellbeing: The Effects of Relational and Situated Assemblage.Sarah Atkinson - 2013 - Topoi 32 (2):137-144.
    Despite multiple axes of variation in defining wellbeing, the paper argues for the dominance of a ‘components approach’ in current research and practice. This approach builds on a well-established tradition within the social sciences of attending to categories whether for their identification, their value or their meanings and political resonance. The paper critiques the components approach and explores how to move beyond it towards conceptually integrating the various categories and dimensions through a relational and situated account of wellbeing. Drawing on (...)
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  12.  18
    Liberty of Mind: Women Philosophers and the Freedom to Philosophize.Sarah Hutton - 2017 - In Jacqueline Broad & Karen Detlefsen (eds.), Women and Liberty, 1600-1800: Philosophical Essays. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. pp. 123-137.
    This chapter demonstrates how early modern male and female thinkers alike were concerned not only with ethical, religious, and political liberty, but also with the liberty to philosophize, or libertas philosophandi. It is argued that while men’s interests in this latter kind of liberty tended to lie with the liberty to philosophize differently from their predecessors, women were more concerned with the liberty to philosophize at all. For them, the idea that women should be free to think was foundational. This (...)
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  13. Kantian justice and poverty relief.Sarah Williams Holtman - 2004 - Kant Studien 95 (1):86-106.
  14. The control of the unwanted.Peter M. Gollwitzer, Ute C. Bayer & Kathleen C. McCulloch - 2005 - In Ran R. Hassin, James S. Uleman & John A. Bargh (eds.), The New Unconscious. Oxford Series in Social Cognition and Social Neuroscience. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 485--515.
  15.  95
    Is episodic memory uniquely human? Evaluating the episodic-like memory research program.Sarah Malanowski - 2016 - Synthese 193 (5):1433-1455.
    Recently, a research program has emerged that aims to show that animals have a memory capacity that is similar to the human episodic memory capacity. Researchers within this program argue that nonhuman animals have episodic-like memory of personally experienced past events. In this paper, I specify and evaluate the goals of this research program and the progress it has made in achieving them. I will examine some of the data that the research program has produced, as well as the operational (...)
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  16.  74
    Replies to Edgington, Pavese, and Campbell-Moore and Konek.Sarah Moss - 2020 - Analysis 80 (2):356-370.
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  17.  51
    Do Ducks Lay Eggs? How People Interpret Generic Assertions.Sangeet Khemlani, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Sam Glucksberg & Paula Rubio-Fernandez - 2007 - Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society.
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  18.  47
    Visual Jurisprudence of the American Yellow Traffic Light.Sarah Marusek - 2014 - International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue Internationale de Sémiotique Juridique 27 (1):183-191.
    In the United States, the steady yellow light means that a driver should either speed up or slow down. State laws written about a driver’s behavior at these yellow lights are vague and indeterminate and result in what is referred to as the dilemma zone (Hurwitz et al. in Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav 15(2): 132–143, 2012). This paper will reconsider law’s vagueness as intentional rather than problematic, insofar as cultural understandings of the yellow light lead to a (...)
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  19.  32
    Potential Consciousness of Human Cerebral Organoids: on Similarity-Based Views in Precautionary Discourse.Sarah Diner - 2023 - Neuroethics 16 (3):1-8.
    Advances in research on human cerebral organoids (HCOs) call for a critical review of current research policies. A challenge for the evaluation of necessary research regulations lies in the severe uncertainty about future trajectories the currently very rudimentary stages of neural cell cultures might take as the technology progresses. To gain insights into organotypic cultures, ethicists, legal scholars, and neuroscientists rely on resemblances to the human brain. They refer to similarities in structural or functional terms that have been established in (...)
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  20.  44
    Cooperation and fairness depend on self-regulation.Sarah E. Ainsworth & Roy F. Baumeister - 2013 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36 (1):79-80.
    Any evolved disposition for fairness and cooperation would not replace but merely compete with selfish and other antisocial impulses. Therefore, we propose that human cooperation and fairness depend on self-regulation. Evidence shows reductions in fairness and other prosocial tendencies when self-regulation fails.
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  21.  23
    Cognitive theories of autism based on the interactions between brain functional networks.Sarah Barzegari Alamdari, Masoumeh Sadeghi Damavandi, Mojtaba Zarei & Reza Khosrowabadi - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16:828985.
    Cognitive functions are directly related to interactions between the brain's functional networks. This functional organization changes in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the heterogeneous nature of autism brings inconsistency in the findings, and specific pattern of changes based on the cognitive theories of ASD still requires to be well-understood. In this study, we hypothesized that the theory of mind (ToM), and the weak central coherence theory must follow an alteration pattern in the network level of functional interactions. The main (...)
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  22.  52
    Science, Shame, and Trust: Against Shaming Policies.Sarah Malanowski, Nicholas Baima & Ashley Kennedy - forthcoming - In Michael Resch, Nico Formanek, Joshy Ammu & Andreas Kaminski (eds.), Science and the Art of Simulation: Trust in Science. Springer.
    Scientific information plays an important role in shaping policies and recommendations for behaviors that are meant to improve the overall health and well-being of the public. However, a subset of the population does not trust information from scientific authorities, and even for those that do trust it, information alone is often not enough to motivate action. Feelings of shame can be motivational, and thus some recent public policies have attempted to leverage shame to motivate the public to act in accordance (...)
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  23. Aristotle on luck, happiness, and Solon's dictum.Sarah Broadie - 2019 - In Ian M. Church & Robert J. Hartman (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy and Psychology of Luck. New York: Routledge.
  24.  48
    The Need of Philosophy in Hegel.Sarah LaChance Adams - 2007 - Southwest Philosophy Review 23 (1):89-96.
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  25.  17
    Policy Intervention and Financial Sustainability in an Emerging Economy: A Structural Vector Auto Regression Analysis.Sarah Ahmed, Nazima Ellahi, Ajmal Waheed & Nida Aman - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    The purpose of the study is to observe the impact of policy intervention on financial sustainability using the structural vector autoregression analysis. The population of the study is the manufacturing sector of Pakistan, which is an emerging economy. Data for 249 firms operating in the manufacturing sector are taken, collected from Datastream from 2005 to 2019, with total observations of 2,400. To conduct the analysis, R software is used for its better visualization. Results show that firm performance, corporate governance, and (...)
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  26.  27
    Women Left Behind: Migration, Agency, and the Pakistani Woman.Sarah Ahmed - 2020 - Gender and Society 34 (4):597-619.
    This article examines how migration impacts power dynamics and gender norms for women left behind living in rural Southern Punjab, Pakistan, a site where patriarchal customs and religion are interwoven to confine women’s mobility and agency. Based on qualitative interviews and focus groups with women left behind from 2015 through 2018, this article explores how local rural-to-urban male migration patterns impact the decision-making powers of women who are left behind and must make sense of the family structure and gender dynamics (...)
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  27.  12
    Beyond Women’s Voices: Towards a Victim-Survivor-Centred Theory of Listening in Law Reform on Violence Against Women.Sarah Ailwood, Rachel Loney-Howes, Nan Seuffert & Cassandra Sharp - 2022 - Feminist Legal Studies 31 (2):217-241.
    Australia is witnessing a political, social and cultural renaissance of public debate regarding violence against women, particularly in relation to domestic and family violence (DFV), sexual assault and sexual harassment. Women's voices calling for law reform are central to that renaissance, as they have been to feminist law reform dating back to nineteenth-century campaigns for property and suffrage rights. Although feminist research has explored women’s voices, speaking out and storytelling to highlight the exclusions and limitations of the legal and criminal (...)
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  28.  30
    Differentiation of individual selves facilitates group-level benefits of ultrasociality.Sarah E. Ainsworth, Roy F. Baumeister & Kathleen D. Vohs - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39.
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  29.  12
    Differentiating selves facilitates group outcomes.Sarah E. Ainsworth, Roy F. Baumeister & Kathleen D. Vohs - 2016 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39.
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  30.  40
    (1 other version)Abdication and utopian vision in the bamboo slip manuscript, rongchengshi.Sarah Allan - 2010 - Journal of Chinese Philosophy 37 (s1):67-84.
  31.  31
    Network and Multilayer Network Approaches to Understanding Human Brain Dynamics.Sarah Feldt Muldoon & Danielle S. Bassett - 2016 - Philosophy of Science 83 (5):710-720.
    Network neuroscience provides a systems approach to the study of the brain and enables the examination of interactions measured at different temporal and spatial scales. We review current methods to quantify the structure of brain networks and compare that structure across different clinical cohorts, cognitive states, and subjects. We further introduce the emerging mathematical concept of multilayer networks and describe the advantages of this approach to model changing brain dynamics over time. We conclude by offering several concrete examples of how (...)
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  32. Forms of engagement.Mhairi Aitken & Sarah Cunningham-Burley - 2021 - In Graeme T. Laurie (ed.), The Cambridge handbook of health research regulation. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  33. Childhood and Autonomy.Sarah Hannan - 2018 - In Anca Gheaus, Gideon Calder & Jurgen de Wispelaere (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Childhood and Children. New York: Routledge. pp. 112-122.
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  34.  36
    La limitada mala fe de la persona auténtica. Una perspectiva sartreana.Sarah Horton & Leandro Sánchez Marín - 2024 - Escritos 32 (69):1-13.
    Basándome en la explicación que hace Jean-Paul Sartre de la violencia, sostengo que no solo la mala fe es inevitable en la práctica, sino que una mala fe limitada es necesaria para la autenticidad. Aunque violar la libertad de otros es mala fe, es imposible no violar nunca la libertad de alguien. Además, y de manera fundamental, la estructura ontológica del para-sí implica que este solo puede ser auténtico en el modo de no ser auténtico. Tratar de evitar por completo (...)
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  35.  82
    (1 other version)University ranking: a dialogue on turning towards alternatives.Sarah Amsler - 2013 - Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 13 (2):1-12.
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  36.  39
    Ethics consultation in US hospitals: A national survey.Ellen Fox, Sarah Myers & Robert A. Pearlman - forthcoming - Bioethics.
  37.  95
    Electrophysiological evidence of the time course of attentional bias in non-patients reporting symptoms of depression with and without co-occurring anxiety.Sarah M. Sass, Wendy Heller, Joscelyn E. Fisher, Rebecca L. Silton, Jennifer L. Stewart, Laura D. Crocker, J. Christopher Edgar, Katherine J. Mimnaugh & Gregory A. Miller - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
  38.  17
    Sovereignty beyond natural law: Adam Blackwood’s Catholic royalism.Sarah Mortimer - 2022 - History of European Ideas 48 (6):682-697.
    ABSTRACT The political works of Adam Blackwood offer a powerful defence of absolute monarchy, and one which explicitly sets political power within a religious framework. Critiquing the resistance theories of his contemporaries, Blackwood was sceptical about the political value of natural law and of any appeal to popular sovereignty, at least in contemporary Europe. Blackwood was deeply troubled by the way Christianity was being used to justify resistance, often in Protestant texts that aligned Christianity and natural law, and he insisted (...)
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  39. Ethical Obligations of Global Justice in the Midst of Global Pandemics.Sarah Hicks & Paula Gurtler - 2023 - De Ethica 7 (2):44-62.
    This paper considers the obligation higher income countries have to lower and middle income countries during a global pandemic. Further considers which reforms are needed to the global supply-chain of medical resources. The short-comings in distribution and medical infrastructure have exacerbated the health crisis in developing countries. Global justice demands radical redistribution of medical resources in order to prevent mass casualties. This is argued first by highlighting that the COVID-19 pandemic should be acknowledged as an issue of global justice, secondly, (...)
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  40. Derrida and Analytical Philosophy: Speech Acts and their Force.Sarah Richmond - 1996 - European Journal of Philosophy 4 (1):38-62.
  41. Manufacturing with a big M – The Grand Challenges of Engineering in Digital Societies from the Perspective of the Institute for Manufacturing at Cambridge University.Albrecht Fritzsche, Sarah Fell & Andy Neely - 2018 - In Albrecht Fritzsche & Sascha Julian Oks (eds.), The Future of Engineering: Philosophical Foundations, Ethical Problems and Application Cases. Cham: Springer Verlag.
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  42.  1
    Situating the gaze: Towards an embodied ecological approach to screendance.Lux Eterna & Sarah Pini - 2023 - Working Titles – Journal of Practice Based Research 1 (2):1-14.
    This article presents an interdisciplinary conversation between the authors discussing the potential of cultivating a feminist, embodied, ecological approach to screendance and environmental attunement in video dance performance. It draws from Lux Eterna’s artistic research and body of work including the film AURA NOX ANIMA (2016) filmed on the sandy dunes in Anna Bay, New South Wales, Australia, and her current development in dance film production: THE EIGHTH DAY (2023) in conversation with Sarah Pini to consider the presence and (...)
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  43. Julia Kristeva and the Politics of Life.Sarah K. Hansen - 2013 - Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy 21 (1):27-42.
    In her recent writings on the powers and limits of psychoanalysis, Julia Kristeva develops a theory of power and subjectivity that engages implicitly, if not explicitly, with biopolitical themes. Exploring these engagements, this paper draws on Kristeva to discuss the mute symptoms of homo sacer and the regulatory power of the spectacle. Staging an uncommon (and sometimes antagonistic) conversation between Kristeva, Agamben, and Foucault, I construct a field of inquiry that I term the “psychic life of biopolitics.”.
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  44.  10
    The Future of Humanity: Revisioning the Human in the Posthuman Age.Pavlina Radia, Sarah Fiona Winters & Laurie Kruk (eds.) - 2019 - New York: Rowman & Littlefield International.
    This volume offers an interdisciplinary conversation about several possible futures for the human species. The contributors elaborate on the issues that trouble our very understanding of what it means to be human in the 21st century, expanding on recent scholarly discussions about the posthuman and nonhuman turn.
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  45.  36
    Grammatical aspect and temporal distance in motion descriptions.Sarah E. Anderson, Teenie Matlock & Michael Spivey - 2013 - Frontiers in Psychology 4.
  46. The Critique and Politics of Identity. On the Affinities between Critical Theory and Poststructuralism. A Conversation with Bernard E. Harcourt and Martin Saar conducted by Sarah Bianchi.Bernard E. Harcourt, Martin Saar & Sarah Bianchi - 2022 - Journal for the Study of Contemporary Power: The Coils of the Serpent 10 (1):118-130.
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  47.  38
    Racism, epistemic injustice, and ideology critique.Sarah Bufkin - forthcoming - Philosophy and Social Criticism.
    Since its 2007 publication, Miranda Fricker’s Epistemic Injustice has sparked a vigorous conversation in analytic philosophy about how social power corrodes individual’s epistemic capacities and distorts collective meaning-making in unjust ways. Yet for all its normative insights into social silencing, I argue that Fricker’s theorization of epistemic dysfunction remains too individualized, cognitivist, and dematerialized to account for racialized imaginaries. Rather than view racisms as normal and normative in racist cultures, Fricker frames identity-driven prejudice as a troubling aberration from otherwise unblemished (...)
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  48.  38
    Expertise in Non-Well-Defined Task Domains: The Case of Reading.Sarah Bro Trasmundi, Edward Baggs, Juan Toro & Sune Vork Steffensen - 2024 - Social Epistemology 38 (1):13-27.
    In this article, we discuss expertise by considering the activity of reading. Cognitive scientists have traditionally conceptualised reading as a single, well-defined task, namely the decoding of letter sequences into meaningful sequences of speech sounds. This definition captures a core feature of the reading activity at the computational level, but it is an overly narrow model of how reading behaviour occurs in the real world. We propose a more expansive model of expertise. In our view, expertise in general is best (...)
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  49. What Nozick did for decision theory.with Sarah Wright - 2008 - In David Schmidtz (ed.), Person, polis, planet: essays in applied philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press.
     
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  50.  14
    The Gentleman's Views on Warfare According to the Gongyang Commentary.Sarah A. Queen - 2017 - In Paul Rakita Goldin (ed.), A Concise Companion to Confucius. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 208–228.
    This paper explores Confucius’ views on warfare according to the Gongyang Commentary. Though often overlooked as a source for understanding Confucius’ position on warfare, the Gongyang Commentary is replete with comments and anecdotes on the topic. It articulates a complex set of ethico‐ritual principles pertaining to warfare in which certain kinds of warfare are clearly condoned and praised while others are clearly condemned and criticized. What according to the Gongyang Commentary was the Gentleman's position on warfare? The paper explores this (...)
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