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  1.  60
    A biological interpretation of moral systems.Richard D. Alexander - 1985 - Zygon 20 (1):3-20.
    . Moral systems are described as systems of indirect reciprocity, existing because of histories of conflicts of interest and arising as outcomes of the complexity of social interactions in groups of long‐lived individuals with varying conflicts and confluences of interest and indefinitely iterated social interactions. Although morality is commonly defined as involving justice for all people, or consistency in the social treatment of all humans, it may have arisen for immoral reasons, as a force leading to cohesiveness within human groups (...)
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  2.  38
    Biological considerations in the analysis of morality.Richard D. Alexander - 1993 - In Matthew H. Nitecki & Doris V. Nitecki, Evolutionary Ethics. SUNY Press. pp. 163--196.
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