Historia del derecho: un intento de definición -- Positivismo, historiograf ia positivista e historia del derecho -- Escuela de los Annales e historia del derecho -- El materialismo hist orico y la historia del derecho -- La historia en el derecho y la verdad en el proceso: el argumento de Michel Foucault -- Michel Foucault y el discurso histórico-jurídico: Estado y poder -- Walter Benjamin, la temporalidad y el derecho.

The present article wishes to examine John Caputo’s notion of ‘hyperbolic justice’ considering his critique of Heideggerian philosophy. In Demythologizing Heidegger (1993), Caputo tries to deconstruct Martin Heidegger’s account of Dasein’s being as Sorge, as Being-towards-death in its existentiality, facticity and fallenness, not by rejecting that account but by showing that it is fissured by an absence, the absence of kardia (heart), of flesh, disablement, affliction. According to Caputo, Heidegger’s aesthetics of Being, and his concern to overcome the oblivion of (...) Being, left him scandalously oblivious to the cry of the suffering other. Against Heidegger, Caputo opposes what he calls the “prophetic imagination” of Emmanuel Levinas, Jean-François Lyotard, and particularly Jacques Derrida. I will seek to examine the ways in which Caputo opposes to Heidegger Derrida’s ‘undeconstructibility of justice,’ whilst also resorting to Levinas’ ‘hyperbolic justice’. (shrink)

We propose a revision operator on a stratified belief base, i.e., a belief base that stores beliefs in different strata corresponding to the value an agent assigns to these beliefs. Furthermore, the operator will be defined as to perform the revision in such a way that information is never lost upon revision but stored in a stratum or layer containing information perceived as having a lower value. In this manner, if the revision of one layer leads to the rejection of (...) some information to maintain consistency, instead of being withdrawn it will be kept and introduced in a different layer with lower value. Throughout this development we will follow the principle of minimal change, being one of the important principles proposed in belief change theory, particularly emphasized in the AGM model. Regarding the reasoning part from the stratified belief base, the agent will obtain the inferences using an argumentative formalism. Thus, the argumentation framework will decide which information prevails when sentences of different layers are used for entailing conflicting beliefs. We will also illustrate how inferences are changed and how the status of arguments can be modified after a revision process. (shrink)

La difusión científica en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Las publicaciones periódicas en el quinquenio 2000-2004.

Refletimos sobre a violência que frequenta as instituições escolares partindo do pressuposto de que ao se apresentar na escola de maneira molecular, a violência evidencia o reflexo do que já se encontra posto na sociedade. No que se refere à escola, é necessário pensar o fenômeno violento como uma realidade que cada dia mais toma o cenário escolar e demanda de educadores, alunos e famílias respostas novas e inventivas aos problemas advindos da complexa relação a que a violência os expõem. (...) Tendo vista uma compreensão mais detalhada do fenômeno, realizamos uma análise da violência que adentra os muros da escola, servindo-nos de uma classificação muito utilizada entre os teóricos pesquisadores do assunto: a violência da, na e contra a escola. Estudando separadamente cada uma destas formas de violência, acreditamos poder abarcar, ainda que não tão profundamente quanto o tema exige, as formas com que a violência tem sido vivenciada na escola por seus sujeitos discentes e docentes e por toda a comunidade em que ela se insere. Refletir sobre o fenômeno violento e suas implicações, abrindo espaços de fala dentro das instituições escolares para que ele seja discutido e problematizado, pensamos ser um dos possíveis caminhos para superação da violência. (shrink)

Este artigo apresenta um projeto de pesquisa clínica qualitativa, que busca compreender a função da família, seu caráter de transmissão, no que se refere à constituição subjetiva da criança, considerando as profundas transformações contemporâneas das instituições, inclusive da família. Propomos uma discussão sobre a temática em articulação com a educação, abordando-a no contexto social e avançando para perspectiva psicanalítica. Notamos que a noção de função da psicanálise pode nos fazer avançar teórica e clinicamente na tentativa de superar modelos parentais ou (...) de comportamentos que supostamente pudessem garantir um desenvolvimento adequado à criança, permitindo a problematização dos ideais de família marcantes em nosso imaginário social e a reflexão sobre seus possíveis impactos na saúde mental dos aprendentes, familiares e educadores nos contextos educativos. (shrink)

The coming to office of Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil has brought to the fore the need to understand the rise of the far right and to come to terms with the conflicted legacies of more than a decade of rule under the Workers’ Party. This forum brings together six leading intellectuals from different traditions on the left and introduces their reflections on the contradictions and complexities of the Workers’ Party, the 2008 crisis, the June 2013 protests, the weakness of the (...) Brazilian left, corruption, and on how to characterise Bolsonaro’s regime. Their interventions offer crucial insights that are relevant today not just to Brazil, or even Latin America, but to the politics of the left worldwide. (shrink)

Este trabajo discute la interpretación de Marcelo Boeri sobre el compatibilismo estoico; esto es, la tesis de que es compatible con el determinismo que rige al mundo natural el que podamos ser genuinamente responsables de nuestras acciones. Según Boeri, los estoicos intentaron conciliar las dos cosas abriendo un margen de indeterminación gracias al cual nuestras acciones no están sujetas a la necesidad que domina los demás fenómenos naturales. La discusión que se ofrece aquí se basa en un análisis del (...) concepto antiguo de lo que depende de nosotros y de los conceptos estoicos de determinismo y modalidad. /// This paper discusses Marcelo Boeri's interpretation of Stoic compatibilism, the thesis that natural determinism does not rule out that we can genuinely be responsible for our actions. According to Boeri, the Stoic hold that this is so because our actions are to a great extent free from determination. The discussion of this interpretation is based on an analysis of the ancient concept of what depends on us and of Stoic concepts of determinism and modality. (shrink)

Ésta es la respuesta a la crítica hecha por Ricardo Salles a mi interpretación del compatibilismo estoico. Aunque en parte admito sus objeciones, intento mostrar que algunos textos nos permiten pensar que, aunque lo que depende de nosotros no implique necesariamente acciones alternativas, eso no significa que no pueda implicarlas. También trato de mostrar que un reexamen de la noción crisipea de posibilidad que tenga en cuenta el deseo y la creencia permite explicar por qué no es posible llevar (...) a cabo las acciones X e Y en un tiempo dado, lo cual indicaría que la posibilidad específica también excluye acciones alternativas. /// This is the reply to Ricardo Salles' criticism of my interpretation of the Stoic compatibilism. Although I partially admit his objections, I intend to show that some texts allow us to think that, even though what depends on us does not necessarily imply alternative actions, this does not mean that it can not imply them. I also endeavour to show that a re-examination of the Chrysippean notion of possibility taking into account desire and belief permits to explain why it is not possible to perform the actions X and Y in a given time, which would indicate that the specific possibility rules out alternative actions as well. (shrink)

Introduction: The actions taken by the government to deal with the consequences of the coronavirus diseases 2019 pandemic caused different levels of restriction on the mobility of the population. The need to continue offering physical exercise to individuals after stroke became an emergency. However, these individuals may have barriers to adhere to the programs delivered remotely. There is a lack of evidence related to adherence, attendance, safety, and satisfaction of remote exercise programs for this population.Objective: The aim was to evaluate (...) adherence and barriers to attend a remote physical exercise program for individuals after stroke. We aimed to identify adherence and attendance rate of the remote physical exercise program ; to identify the safety of a remote physical exercise program ; and to identify the overall experience to participate in a remote program.Materials and methods: This is a longitudinal study, including 36 stroke survivors who already attended a face-to-face physical exercise program prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The remote physical exercise program included sessions for 2 days/week for a duration of 22 weeks, with a total of 44 sessions, which were delivered asynchrony via recorded video sessions. As outcome measures, we performed two questionnaires to identify attendance, barriers, safety, and overall experience related to the program.Results: The adherence rate was 86. The attendance rate was 19, with a total of 8 sessions. The main barriers for lower attendance rate were as follows: lack of motor skills and physical fitness to workout in 80 reports, followed by no exercise companion in 44 reports. The remote physical program has been shown to be safe, and the overall experience was positive from the perspectives of the participants and the family members.Conclusion: Although the adherence rate was high, the attendance rate was low on the remote physical exercise program. The main barriers to attending the program remotely reflect the need of tailoring individually an asynchrony mode of delivering the sessions to individuals after stroke. Our results also indicate how the COVID-19 impacted the health conditions of stroke survivors. The program was safe, and the overall experience indicated a change in the mental, physical, and social health of individuals after stroke and their family members. (shrink)

Se formulan dos preguntas en torno a la interpretación que ofrece Marcelo Boeri en Apariencia y realidad en el pensamiento griego acerca del problema de la akrasía en el estoicismo: ¿puede la adaptación monista que hizo Crisipo del modelo platónico del alma dividida en República iv ofrecer una expli..

The paper addresses two questions regarding the interpretation of akrasia among the Stoics, offered by Marcelo Boeri in his book Appearance and Reality in Greek Thought: On the one hand, can Chrysippus’s monistic adaptation of the Platonic model of the divided soul set forth in Book iv of the Republic provide a philosophically satisfactory explanation of the classical phenomenon of akrasia? On the other hand, is this phenomenon the true explanandum of this adaptation? The paper shows that the answer (...) to both these questions could be negative and thus different from the answer provided by Boeri in his book. The argument is based on the analysis of Plutarch vm 446f-447b and on the analysis of the classical problem of akrasia. (shrink)

Physiological responses in futsal have not been studied together with temporal information about the players’ stay on the court. The aim of this study was to compare heart rate and blood lactate concentration responses between 1-H and 2-H considering the time of permanency of the players on the court at each substitution in a futsal match. HR was recorded during entire match and [La−] was analyzed after each substitution of seven players. %HRmean and [La−] mean did not differ between 1-H (...) and 2-H. Time in intensity zones of 50–100 %HRmax differed only in 60–70 %HRmax. HR coefficient of variation throughout the match was low and among the four outfield players on the court. Substitutions, time of permanence on the court, ratio between time in- and out-ratio on the court also were similar between 1-H and 2-H. Balancing the number of substitutions, and the In:Outcourt ratio of players in both halves of the match, playing lower time at 1-H, ~8 min for each participation in the match, made it possible to maintain intensity of the match in 2-H similar to the 1H. These results are a good guidance to coaches and for application in future studies. (shrink)

Os desafios evidenciados pela universalização dos direitos por meio do acesso à universidade mercantilista, que excede a questão da origem popular e/ou da tradicional oposição homogeneidade cultural versus heterogeneidade, colocam um conjunto de vicissitudes para o professor, que interroga a si mesmo e que considera digno ou ignóbil endereçar sua palavra professoral aos destinatários com o objetivo de possibilitar a vivência de uma experiência formativa. O nosso problema, como sociedade brasileira, consiste no fato de que instalamos nacionalmente o imaginário de (...) que alguns são mais capazes, enquanto outros estão impossibilitados em razão de suas origens. Essa fantasia tanto orienta os professores, por meio de um raciocínio baseado em um apartheid sociopsicopedagógico, como serve de fundamento para algumas políticas inspiradas no caráter de exceção. Como resultado, são excluídas a dimensão desejante do professor e a implicação subjetiva do aluno em sua passagem pela experiência da vida universitária. (shrink)

Although the controversy between Malthus and Ricardo has long been considered to be an important source for the history of economic thought, it has hardly been the object of a careful study qua controversy, i.e. as a polemical dialogical exchange. We have undertaken to fill this gap, within the framework of a more ambitious project that places controversies at the center of an account of the history of ideas, in science and elsewhere. It is our contention that the dialogical (...) co-text is essential for reconstructing the meaning and the evolution of science. In the present paper we try to substantiate this contention by means of a pragma-rhetorical study of this particular controversy. First, we reconstruct, through an analysis of a chunk of the correspondence, a micro-level of specific moves and countermoves which constitute a sequential structure within which also meta-scientific and meta-controversial considerations play a role. We then move to a macro-level of analysis, looking for recurrent patterns of argumentation. Finally, we draw epistemological conclusions on the nature of rationality and progress as manifested in actual scientific controversies. (shrink)

Defeasible argumentation has been applied successfully in several real-world domains in which it is necessary to handle incomplete and contradictory information. In recent years, there have been interesting attempts to carry out argumentation processes supported by massive repositories developing argumentative reasoning applications. One of such efforts builds arguments by retrieving information from relational databases using the DBI-DeLP framework; this article presents eDBI-DeLP, which extends the original DBI-DeLP framework by providing two novel aspects which refine the interaction between DeLP programs and (...) relational databases. First, we expand the expressiveness of dbi-delp programs by providing ways of controlling how the information in databases is recovered; this is done by introducing filters that enable an improved fine-grained control on the argumentation processes which become useful in applications, providing the semantics and the implementation of such filters. Second, we introduce an argument comparison criterion which can be adjusted at the level of literals to model particular features such as credibility and topic expertise, among others. These new tools can be particularly useful in environments such as medical diagnosis expert systems, decision support systems, or recommender systems based on argumentation, where datasets are often provided in the form of relational databases. (shrink)

We examine the most famous controversy between economists as a means of shedding fresh light on the current debate about economic methodology. By focusing on the controversy as the primary unit of analysis, we show how methodological considerations are but one of a whole set of stratagems strategically employed by each opponent. We argue that each opponent's preference for a particular kind of stratagems expresses his own specific scientific style (within the general scientific and cultural style of an age). We (...) also describe a dynamic dimension of the controversy, independent of the participants' intentions. Such a dimension is analysed in a "cycle" of the controversy, which begins with a well-defined issue and expands to additional topics, without reaching a "solution" to the initial issue. The definition and re-definition of the issue(s) at stake and of the difference between both participants is an essential and recurrent feature of such cycles; the conclusion of a cycle does not imply a real "closure" of the controversy, but only that each opponent has reached a satisfying degree of self-clarification. The controversy, thus, does not yield persuasion -- its ostensible aim. Rather, its "benefit" seems to lie in an unintended result -- clarification and deepening of contrasting approaches to the discipline -- due to its peculiar dynamics. In so far as the history of a discipline requires a reconstruction of such contrasts, it is indispensable for it to take into account the controversies where they emerge, and to view both the positive doctrines and the methodological posture of the contenders as parts of a wider framework, that is a scientific style. (shrink)

We reply to Philippe Depoortère’s paper “On Ricardo’s method: The Unitarian influence examined. Some comments on Cremaschi and Dascal’s article ‘Malthus and Ricardo on Economic Methodology’”. Depoortère asks two questions: (1) was Ricardo’s ‘conversion’ to Unitarianism sincere? (2) did Ricardo follow the methodologies of Priestley and Belsham? His answers are that he was a ‘religious skeptic’ and he was not an ‘empiricist’ like Priestley and Belsham. We reply that the sincerity of Ricardo’s religious beliefs is (...) irrelevant since we start with the evidence that he was exposed for a long time to the intellectual influence of Belsham, primarily in matters of philosophy, and to deny this would imply a negative answer to a different question, namely, did Ricardo attend Unitarian meetings for 15 years? Then we reply that Ricardo inherited Belsham’s version of Newtonian methodology which omitted the fourth rule, that is the most anti-Cartesian and anti-systematic rule, and this has little to do with empiricism but instead with apriorism. (shrink)

We reconstruct the text, that is, we analyse the development of the discussion between Malthus and Ricardo both in the correspondence and in published works, paying special attention to (a) the use of methodological statements, (b) some pragmatic features of the controversy, (c) considerations pertaining to the meta-level of the controversy (assessments of the status of the controversy, of ways of solving it, etc.); then, we reconstruct the co-text, that is, unpublished papers by each opponent that were not made (...) available to the other, records of exchanges between each of these and third parties, etc.; thirdly, we describe the essential features of the context, focusing on events that influenced the course of the controversy; (iv) we draw lessons from our case study on the role of co-text and context, on pragmatic and semantic interpretation, and on "casts of mind”. (shrink)

The paper is a comparative study of the methodologies of Malthus and Ricardo. Its claims are: (i) economic laws almost always admit of exceptions for Malthus; for Ricardo even contingent predictions allow no exception apart from random temporary variations; (ii) both rely on the prestigious Newtonian paradigm, while interpreting it according to two distinct methodological traditions (the one deriving from MacLaurin, the other from Priestley); (iii) the choice of stressing what happens during intervals or in permanent states leads (...) to opposing definitions of the main problem of economic science in so far as equilibrium is always already given for Ricardo and is never given for Malthus; (iv) their use of the ambiguous notion of "tendency" leaves unclear for both the degree of predictive power with which theories are endowed; (v) what both share is the idea of a natural order and this idea is the source of both shortcomings and endless disagreement. -/- . (shrink)

O tema do artigo são as representações de moldura e ekphrasis em A santa de Schöneberg, conto de Rubem Fonseca que tem como centro a vida e a obra do pintor EgonSchiele. O objetivo é verificar como tais procedimentos são realizados pelo narrador e de que maneira eles contribuem para o desenvolvimento da trama. Assim, tomamos como apoio teórico textos de estudiosos que tratam de moldura, da ekphrasis, da obra fonsequiana e de aspectos das narrativas breves, tais como Ortega (...) y Gasset (1963), Rosana de Lima Soares (2001), João Adolfo Hansen (2006), Ariovaldo José Vidal (2000), e Ricardo Piglia (2004).Palavras-chave: Rubem Fonseca. Moldura. Ekphrasis. Conto. (shrink)

Como muy bien lo dice el autor, su interesante libro fue fruto de una discusión a mitad del camino del último gobierno de 6 años que, en la multiplicidad de ensayos institucionales postdictadura, ha tenido el país: el de Ricardo Lagos. Este es un tema de debate en todos los países que han adoptado un sistema económico de más o menos libre mercado, y no lo es en los demás porque en ellos no se discute lo que sus gobiernos (...) hacen.Finalmente, como se recordará, dicho período presidencial concluy.. (shrink)

A partir de um esforço de definição conceitual do termo Muzak, utilizado para designar um produto da indústria fonográfica que institui hábitos cotidianos de experiência musical, este trabalho tenta aventar as modalidades históricas da escuta e as suas possibilidades criativas nos contextos contemporâneos. A muzak será um pretexto para motivar uma discussão de caráter epistemológico nos estudos da comunicação, que merecem um investimento de retorno a questionamentos de princípios conceituais e de aportes teóricos. Em vez de somente recensear gêneros, cenas (...) e sistemas de produção da máquina da cultura musical, este texto apresenta uma breve revisão crítica sobre o pensamento da semiótica e da filosofia da arte, a fim de conceber a muzak sob o ângulo da escuta, tratando de ultrapassá-la como mera recepção musical e de pensá-la como uma atividade criativa. (shrink)

O problema com o qual nos defrontamos no presente texto é o da necessidade dos dualismos pulsionais freudianos, especialmente aquele apresentado em “Além do Princípio de Prazer”. Tal problema persiste como uma marca da Überbau metapsicológica freudiana e, do ponto de vista deste artigo, reivindica uma análise mais pormenorizada, no sentido de sabermos, afinal, se essa marca dualista das teorias se sustenta efetivamente, ou se, inadvertidamente, Freud possa ter criado condições para que ela pudesse ser questionada, e, nesse caso, de (...) que modo e em que sentido. (shrink)

En el siguiente trabajo nos proponemos abordar el caso argentino en el que la historieta operó como un primer vehículo de representación por parte de la industria cultural de un acontecimiento traumático social, mas precisamente de los tópicos o marcas de la dictadura de 1976. Específicamente trabajaremos el caso particular de la revista "Fierro, historieta para sobrevivientes" (1984-1992) durante los años de la transición a la democracia, es decir entre 1984 y 1985. Asimismo hemos elegido de entre todas las historietas (...) publicadas, la serie "Batalla de las Malvinas" (1984), con guión de Ricardo Barreiro, y dibujos de Carlos Pedrazzini, Alberto Macagno y Marcelo Pérez. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de repensar el lugar de la historieta como representación válida del pasado reciente, una representación que incluso puede provocar una mirada crítica y aportar a la consolidación de la memoria. (shrink)

For this handbook, we decided to combine a first strategy that looks at different research approaches and asks for their specific contribution to the study of science communication. This is the aim of section I. A second and third strategy is to describe main topics and central aspects of internal and external science communication. This is the aim of sections II and III, respectively: In section II the authors deal with text types, media, and practices of internal science communication. Section (...) III is devoted to external science communication and the relation between science, scientists, and the public. A fourth strategy is based on an evolutionary perspective: How has science communication evolved, what are current trends, and what could or should be future developments? In sections IV and V the authors share an evolutionary perspective: they deal with the history of science communication and with current and future trends. (shrink)

Education is a pillar of buen vivir, the guiding ideal of Ecuador’s 2008 Constitution. In this framework, Ecuador made significant shifts in its education system from 2006 to 2016, the decade of the Citizens’ Revolution. The key buen vivir concepts and processes that framed these shifts were considering education as a right, as a social debt, and as a driver of a more just, knowledge-intensive and clean economy. Resource allocation, general access, learning, and inclusion of structurally marginalized groups showed significant (...) improvement in this decade, along with other key political, economic and social changes, thus making significant advances in the emancipation of society toward buen vivir, and marking elements of how and why advancing this transformation is important. (shrink)

Sören Kierkegaard y Emmanuel Levinas son dos pensadores alejados en el tiempo y su pensamiento se desarrolla en contextos filosóficos diferentes. A pesar de esta primera divergencia, ambos pensadores coinciden en su defensa de la subjetividad. En la obra de Levinas se puede encontrar algún trabajo dedicado a valorar el significado y el alcance de la obra del pensador danés. En esos trabajos, Levinas se muestra crítico en relación con la defensa de la subjetividad de Kierkegaard y en relación a (...) su propuesta de la ¿suspensión religiosa de la ética¿. La defensa kierkegaardiana de la subjetividad es interpretada por Levinas como una variación de la concepción egológica del sujeto, dominante en la tradición occidental. Pese a esta valoración crítica, este trabajo pretende rastrear que en ambos autores el origen de la subjetividad remite a la experiencia de la temporalidad y, dentro de ella, a la cuestión del fluir temporal. Es en la interpretación del flujo temporal en donde el pensamiento de ambos autores vuelve a divergir. (shrink)

A semelhança entre o padrão de interação dos neurônios do cérebro humano e a colônia de formigas torna esta última objeto da hipótese de ser uma estrutura apta a ter uma consciência. Assim, neste artigo, a definição de Thomas Nagel da consciência como algo que é ser para um organismo se torna basilar para o exame dela como um possível sujeito experiencial. A colônia de formigas, se considerada um organismo, poderia ser um sujeito apto a ter experiências internas. Por isso, (...) neste artigo, eu desenvolvo com base no Pampsiquismo, critérios de análise da colônia, apresentando quais características ela deve atender para ser qualificada como consciente. Dessa maneira, ela se torna um modelo apropriado para o exame da relação corpo-mente. Não defendo que a colônia de formigas é um organismo genuíno, mas que, caso seja, terá algum tipo de experiência consciente. No tratamento dessa questão, eu examino se a colônia é um indivíduo biológico, e, em seguida, se é possível que as mentes das formigas embasem a mente da colônia. Concluo que, a partir do modo de interação das partes com o todo, pode haver mais de uma resolução para o problema, i.e., a consciência da colônia depende do modo como seus componentes estão física e fenomenalmente integrados. (shrink)

Kaushik Basu presenta el dilema del viajero como un desafío a la teoría de juegos. El desafío ha sido investigado experimentalmente. Al enfrentarse a la versión de Basu del DV o similares, los participantes se comportan como sugiere Basu. Sin embargo, un pequeño cambio en el juego tiene como consecuencia revertir las tendencias de elección. La cuestión es, entonces, si es posible brindar una explicación de los principales hallazgos empíricos como consecuencias de decisiones racionales. Hay varias propuestas en la literatura (...) pero ninguna provee una explicación satisfactoria de por qué expertos en teoría de juegos jugando entre sí usualmente rechazan la única estrategia no dominada del DV. El objetivo de este artículo es sugerir una propuesta alternativa que solucione este problema. (shrink)

En el canto XIII del Inferno, en el bosque de los suicidas, Pier della Vigna dice que, al momento de su muerte, él, que era justo, se volvió injusto contra sí mismo. Esta afirmación da lugar a la pregunta de si el suicida puede ser injusto consigo mismo y cómo Dante puede afirmarlo. En este artículo, se investiga esto desde: 1) la caracterización de la justicia en el tratado filosófico de Dante, Convivio, 2) algunos pasajes del Purgatorio en los que (...) Dante desarrolla su teoría de la acción, y 3) un pasaje de la Ética nicomáquea de Aristóteles en el que se cuestiona si el suicida es injusto consigo mismo. (shrink)

O presente estudo visa esclarecer os pontos de convergência entre Paulo Freire e Anísio Teixeira referentes aos temas da produção da democracia no Brasil de fins da década de 1950. Para tanto, são tomados como fonte os textos de Freire Educação e atualidade brasileira e Educação como prática da liberdade. O cotejo das idéias de Anísio e Freire permite observar importantes convergências entre ambos, quanto ao papel da educação na formação dos hábitos democráticos e da construção da sociedade democrática, por (...) meio de grandes esforços educativos. Tal proximidade é bastante perceptível até a segunda obra freireana, Educação como prática da liberdade, ficando menos evidente nas obras posteriores. À medida que Freire produz novos textos e participa de novas experiências políticas e educativas, no Chile, junto aos camponeses, suas reflexões priorizam temas como a ruptura entre opressores e oprimidos e a revolução como ação cultural. (shrink)

Este artigo visa apresentar a África Austral, as suas diferentes relações socioculturais, tendo nas questões que envolvem as mulheres o seu foco de abordagem. A base teórica que baliza o artigo está voltado para uma ampliação e revisão bibliográfica e uma metodologia interpretativa das relações sociais. Desse ponto de vista a desnaturalização dessas relações é concebida a partir de diversas reflexões. Para tanto fizemos uso de uma gama de referencias bibliográficas africanas, europeias e brasileiras para dialogar acerca das questões que (...) envolvem o papel, o lugar e o poder da mulher e as violência cotidianas, sutis, simbólicas ou não que elas sofrem na África Austral, em especial em Moçambique e Angola. (shrink)

O presente estudo aborda o modo de intervenção estatal junto das Misericórdias da comarca de Évora, através da acção dos ministros territoriais de finais do Antigo Regime. Incide particularmente sobre o Alvará Régio de 18 de Outubro de 1806, que consideramos a última tentativa do poder central de enquadrar as Santas Casas na política de absolutismo esclarecido. Analisamos ainda as diferentes reacções destas instituições de assistência face ao referido diploma.