Results for 'Recognition heuristic'

959 found
Order:
  1. Extended knowledge, the recognition heuristic, and epistemic injustice.Mark Alfano & Joshua August Skorburg - 2018 - In Duncan Pritchard, Jesper Kallestrup, Orestis Palermos & Adam Carter (eds.), Extended Knowledge. Oxford University Press. pp. 239-256.
    We argue that the interaction of biased media coverage and widespread employment of the recognition heuristic can produce epistemic injustices. First, we explain the recognition heuristic as studied by Gerd Gigerenzer and colleagues, highlighting how some of its components are largely external to, and outside the control of, the cognitive agent. We then connect the recognition heuristic with recent work on the hypotheses of embedded, extended, and scaffolded cognition, arguing that the recognition (...) is best understood as an instance of scaffolded cognition. In section three, we consider the double-edged sword of cognitive scaffolding. On the one hand, scaffolds can reduce the internal processing demands on cognitive agents while increasing their access to information. On the other hand, the use of scaffolding leaves cognitive agents increasingly vulnerable to forming false beliefs or failing to form beliefs at all about particular topics. With respect to the recognition heuristic, agents rely on third parties (such as the media) to report not just what’s true but also what’s important or valuable. This makes cognitive agents relying on these third parties vulnerable to two erroneous influences: 1) because they don’t recognize something, it isn’t important or valuable, and 2) because they do recognize something, it is important or valuable. Call the latter the Kardashian Inference and the former the Darfur Inference. In section four, we use Fricker’s (2007) concept of epistemic injustice to characterize the nature and harm of these false inferences, with special emphasis on the Darfur Inference. In section five, we use data-mining and an empirical study to show how Gigerenzer’s population estimation task is liable to produce Darfur Inferences. We conclude with some speculative remarks on more important Darfur Inferences, and how to avoid them by scaffolding better. One primary way to accomplish this it to shift the burden of embodying the virtue of epistemic justice from the hearer or consumer of media to the media themselves. (shrink)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   14 citations  
  2.  55
    Models of ecological rationality: The recognition heuristic.Daniel G. Goldstein & Gerd Gigerenzer - 2002 - Psychological Review 109 (1):75-90.
    [Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 109 of Psychological Review. Due to circumstances that were beyond the control of the authors, the studies reported in "Models of Ecological Rationality: The Recognition Heuristic," by Daniel G. Goldstein and Gerd Gigerenzer overlap with studies reported in "The Recognition Heuristic: How Ignorance Makes Us Smart," by the same authors and with studies reported in "Inference From Ignorance: The Recognition Heuristic". In addition, Figure (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   121 citations  
  3.  27
    "Models of ecological rationality: The recognition heuristic": Clarification on Goldstein and Gigerenzer (2002).Daniel G. Goldstein & Gerd Gigerenzer - 2002 - Psychological Review 109 (4):645-645.
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  4.  52
    Not so fast! : rethinking the recognition heuristic.Daniel M. Oppenheimer - 2003 - Cognition 90 (1):B1-B9.
  5.  56
    How Forgetting Aids Heuristic Inference.Lael J. Schooler & Ralph Hertwig - 2005 - Psychological Review 112 (3):610-628.
    Some theorists, ranging from W. James to contemporary psychologists, have argued that forgetting is the key to proper functioning of memory. The authors elaborate on the notion of beneficial forgetting by proposing that loss of information aids inference heuristics that exploit mnemonic information. To this end, the authors bring together 2 research programs that take an ecological approach to studying cognition. Specifically, they implement fast and frugal heuristics within the ACT-R cognitive architecture. Simulations of the recognition heuristic, which (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   45 citations  
  6. Towards Competitive Instead of Biased Testing of Heuristics: A Reply to Hilbig and Richter (2011).Henry Brighton & Gerd Gigerenzer - 2011 - Topics in Cognitive Science 3 (1):197-205.
    Our programmatic article on Homo heuristicus (Gigerenzer & Brighton, 2009) included a methodological section specifying three minimum criteria for testing heuristics: competitive tests, individual-level tests, and tests of adaptive selection of heuristics. Using Richter and Späth’s (2006) study on the recognition heuristic, we illustrated how violations of these criteria can lead to unsupported conclusions. In their comment, Hilbig and Richter conduct a reanalysis, but again without competitive testing. They neither test nor specify the compensatory model of inference they (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  7.  54
    Rational Foundations of Fast and Frugal Heuristics: The Ecological Rationality of Strategy Selection via Improper Linear Models.Jason Dana & Clintin P. Davis-Stober - 2016 - Minds and Machines 26 (1-2):61-86.
    Research on “improper” linear models has shown that predetermined weighting schemes for the linear model, such as equally weighting all predictors, can be surprisingly accurate on cross-validation. We review recent advances that can characterize the optimal choice of an improper linear model. We extend this research to the understanding of fast and frugal heuristics, particularly to the ecologically rational goal of understanding in which task environments given heuristics are optimal. We demonstrate how to test this model using the Recognition (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  8.  67
    Memory‐Based Simple Heuristics as Attribute Substitution: Competitive Tests of Binary Choice Inference Models.Honda Hidehito, Matsuka Toshihiko & Ueda Kazuhiro - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (S5):1093-1118.
    Some researchers on binary choice inference have argued that people make inferences based on simple heuristics, such as recognition, fluency, or familiarity. Others have argued that people make inferences based on available knowledge. To examine the boundary between heuristic and knowledge usage, we examine binary choice inference processes in terms of attribute substitution in heuristic use (Kahneman & Frederick, 2005). In this framework, it is predicted that people will rely on heuristic or knowledge‐based inference depending on (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  9. Heuristics and Meta-heuristics in Scientific Judgement.Spencer Phillips Hey - 2016 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 67 (2):471-495.
    Despite the increasing recognition that heuristics may be involved in myriad scientific activities, much about how to use them prudently remains obscure. As typically defined, heuristics are efficient rules or procedures for converting complex problems into simpler ones. But this increased efficiency and problem-solving power comes at the cost of a systematic bias. As Wimsatt showed, biased modelling heuristics can conceal errors, leading to poor decisions or inaccurate models. This liability to produce errors presents a fundamental challenge to the (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   7 citations  
  10.  37
    The Adaptive Use of Recognition in Group Decision Making.Juliane E. Kämmer, Wolfgang Gaissmaier, Torsten Reimer & Carsten C. Schermuly - 2014 - Cognitive Science 38 (5):911-942.
    Applying the framework of ecological rationality, the authors studied the adaptivity of group decision making. In detail, they investigated whether groups apply decision strategies conditional on their composition in terms of task‐relevant features. The authors focused on the recognition heuristic, so the task‐relevant features were the validity of the group members' recognition and knowledge, which influenced the potential performance of group strategies. Forty‐three three‐member groups performed an inference task in which they had to infer which of two (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  11.  43
    The use of recognition in group decision‐making.Torsten Reimer & Konstantinos V. Katsikopoulos - 2004 - Cognitive Science 28 (6):1009-1029.
    Goldstein and Gigerenzer (2002) [Models of ecological rationality: The recognition heuristic. Psychological Review, 109 (1), 75–90] found evidence for the use of the recognition heuristic. For example, if an individual recognizes only one of two cities, they tend to infer that the recognized city has a larger population. A prediction that follows is that of the less‐is‐more effect: Recognizing fewer cities leads, under certain conditions, to more accurate inferences than recognizing more cities. We extend the (...) heuristic to group decision‐making by developing majority and lexicographic models of how recognition information is used by groups. We formally show when the less‐is‐more effect is predicted in groups and we present a study where three‐member groups performed the population comparison task. Several aspects of our data indicate that members who can use the recognition heuristic are, not in all but in most cases, more influential in the group decision process than members who cannot use the heuristic. We also observed the less‐is‐more effect and found that models assuming that members who can use the recognition heuristic are more influential better predict when the effect occurs. (shrink)
    No categories
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  12.  80
    Heuristics refound.William C. Wimsatt - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (5):766-767.
    Gigerenzer et al.'s is an extremely important book. The ecological validity of the key heuristics is strengthened by their relation to ubiquitous Poisson processes. The recognition heuristic is also used in conspecific cueing processes in ecology. Three additional classes of problem-solving heuristics are proposed for further study: families based on near-decomposability analysis, exaptive construction of functional structures, and robustness.
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  13.  33
    Recognition Based upon the Vitality Criterion: A Key to Sustainable Economic Success.Alexander Brink & Johannes Eurich - 2006 - Journal of Business Ethics 67 (2):155-164.
    Recognition is a basic precondition of participation. This article applies the dimension of recognition to business ethics. A case is made for normative stakeholder management as a voluntary commitment at the level of corporate leadership; this also meets management’s strategic demands. A vitality criterion is offered as a heuristic instrument, suggesting that any operation should be avoided which would violate the legitimate interests of stakeholders. For this reason, the recognition of mutually-conditioned stakeholder claims is understood as (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  14.  20
    Heuristics of the algorithm: Big Data, user interpretation and institutional translation.Jonas Andersson Schwarz & Göran Bolin - 2015 - Big Data and Society 2 (2).
    Intelligence on mass media audiences was founded on representative statistical samples, analysed by statisticians at the market departments of media corporations. The techniques for aggregating user data in the age of pervasive and ubiquitous personal media build on large aggregates of information analysed by algorithms that transform data into commodities. While the former technologies were built on socio-economic variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, education, media preferences, Big Data technologies register consumer choice, geographical position, web movement, and behavioural information in (...)
    No categories
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  15.  88
    Heuristic novelty and the asymmetry problem in bayesian confirmation theory.Richard Nunan - 1993 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 44 (1):17-36.
    Bayesian confirmation theory, as traditionally interpreted, treats the temporal relationship between the formulation of a hypothesis and the confirmation (or recognition) of evidence entailed by that hypothesis merely as a component of the psychology of discovery and acceptance of a hypothesis. The temporal order of these events is irrelevant to the logic of rational theory choice. A few years ago Richmond Campbell and Thomas Vinci offered a reinterpretation of Bayes' Theorem in defense of the view that the temporal relationship (...)
    Direct download (10 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  16. Homo heuristicus Outnumbered: Comment on Gigerenzer and Brighton (2009).Benjamin E. Hilbig & Tobias Richter - 2011 - Topics in Cognitive Science 3 (1):187-196.
    Gigerenzer and Brighton (2009) have argued for a “Homo heuristicus” view of judgment and decision making, claiming that there is evidence for a majority of individuals using fast and frugal heuristics. In this vein, they criticize previous studies that tested the descriptive adequacy of some of these heuristics. In addition, they provide a reanalysis of experimental data on the recognition heuristic that allegedly supports Gigerenzer and Brighton’s view of pervasive reliance on heuristics. However, their arguments and reanalyses are (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  17.  27
    Familiarity‐Matching: An Ecologically Rational Heuristic for the Relationships‐Comparison Task.Masaru Shirasuna, Hidehito Honda, Toshihiko Matsuka & Kazuhiro Ueda - 2020 - Cognitive Science 44 (2):e12806.
    Previous studies have shown that people often use heuristics in making inferences and that subjective memory experiences, such as recognition or familiarity of objects, can be valid cues for inferences. So far, many researchers have used the binary choice task in which two objects are presented as alternatives (e.g., “Which city has the larger population, city A or city B?”). However, objects can be presented not only as alternatives but also in a question (e.g., “Which country is city X (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  18.  86
    Effects of the Use of the Availability Heuristic on Ethical Decision-Making in Organizations.Sefa Hayibor & David M. Wasieleski - 2009 - Journal of Business Ethics 84 (S1):151 - 165.
    Recent corporate scandals across various industries have led to an increased focus on research in business ethics, particularly on understanding ethical decision-making. This increased interest is due largely to managers' desire to reduce the incidence of unwanted behaviors in the workplace. This article examines one major moderator of the ethical decision-making process - moral intensity. In particular, we explore the potential influence of a particular cognitive heuristic - the availability heuristic -on perceptions of moral intensity. It is our (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   15 citations  
  19.  51
    Cicero on Pompey’s Command: Heuristic Rhetoric and Teaching the Art of Strategic Reasoning.Gabor Tahin - 2018 - Topoi 37 (1):143-154.
    Through the example of a paradigmatic deliberative speech from classical oratory, the paper addresses two fundamental questions of teaching rhetorical reasoning. First, the paper shows that a speech from ancient Greek and Roman political or judicial oratory could provide effective means to teach a variety of argumentation skills, the recognition of fallacies and an awareness of biases in the target audience. Second, the paper uses the speech to consider an elusive problem of rhetorical or critical reasoning instruction, namely how (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  20.  29
    The Relative Success of Recognition‐Based Inference in Multichoice Decisions.Rachel McCloy, C. Philip Beaman & Philip T. Smith - 2008 - Cognitive Science 32 (6):1037-1048.
    The utility of an “ecologically rational” recognition‐based decision rule in multichoice decision problems is analyzed, varying the type of judgment required (greater or lesser). The maximum size and range of a counterintuitive advantage associated with recognition‐based judgment (the “less‐is‐more effect”) is identified for a range of cue validity values. Greater ranges of the less‐is‐more effect occur when participants are asked which is the greatest of m choices (m > 2) than which is the least. Less‐is‐more effects also have (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  21. On the Genus and Species of Recognition.Heikki Ikäheimo - 2002 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 45 (4):447-462.
    This article makes several conceptual proposals for a closer analysis of recognition more or less in line with Axel Honneth's account of recognition: (1) a proposal as to the genus of recognitional attitude and recognition, (2) a sketch of an analytical scheme intended to be heuristically useful for analysing the different species of recognitional attitude and recognition, (3) some proposals as to the precise contents of self-conceptions involved in each species and subspecies of recognition, and (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   26 citations  
  22.  26
    Spiritul de toleranta, cultura recunoasterii si nevoia de comprehensiune/ The Spirit of Tolerance, the Culture of Recognition and the Need of Comprehension.Anton Carpinschi - 2005 - Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 4 (10):19-35.
    This study endeavours to demonstrate the dynamic “tolerance-recognition” in view of a comprehensive paradigm. Tolerance is presumed to be a „modus vivendi” – that is, the recognition of multiple ways of finding the good and happiness by human communities. In this context, the author proposes, as a heuristic device, a model of humanity based upon correlations between nature, condition, and essence as hypostases of humanity. In this way the study attempts to contribute to the planning of a (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  23.  35
    How good are fast and frugal inference heuristics in case of limited knowledge?Edgar Erdfelder & Martin Brandt - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (5):747-748.
    Gigerenzer and his collaborators have shown that the Take the Best heuristic (TTB) approximates optimal decision behavior for many inference problems. We studied the effect of incomplete cue knowledge on the quality of this approximation. Bayesian algorithms clearly outperformed TTB in case of partial cue knowledge, especially when the validity of the recognition cue is assumed to be low.
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  24.  31
    Hermeneutics and the capabilities approach: a thick heuristic tool for a thin normative standard of well-being.Ernst Wolff - 2014 - South African Journal of Philosophy 33 (4):487-500.
    © 2014 South African Journal of Philosophy. This paper argues for the way in which the hermeneutics of human action and the capabilities approach are to be coordinated in judgements regarding the happy life or well-being. To ensure that this hypothesis is not only philosophically plausible but practically reasonable, I apply it throughout to practical examples, namely practices related to the arrangement of space. I argue that judgement regarding happiness or well-being requires two distinct forms of reflection: a hermeneutics that (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  25.  24
    The Political Conception of Human Rights and Its Rule(s) of Recognition.Andre Santos Campos - 2022 - Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence 35 (1):95-116.
    The political conception makes sense of human rights strictly in light of their role in international human rights practice, more specifically by describing how they justify interventions against states that engage in or fail to prevent human rights violations. This conception is, therefore, normative and fact-dependent. Beyond this, it does not seem to have much to say about the actual nature of international human rights practice. The argument sustained here reinterprets the political conception by resorting to a heuristic device (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  26.  23
    Does It Look Good or Evil? Children’s Recognition of Moral Identities in Illustrations of Characters in Stories.Núria Obiols-Suari & Josep Marco-Pallarés - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Children usually use the external and physical features of characters in movies or stories as a means of categorizing them quickly as being either good or bad/evil. This categorization is probably done by means of heuristics and previous experience. However, the study of this fast processing is difficult in children. In this paper, we propose a new experimental paradigm to determine how these decisions are made. We used illustrations of characters in folk tales, whose visual representations contained features that were (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  27.  42
    Is less knowledge better than more?Alvin I. Goldman - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (5):751-752.
    When a distinction is drawn between “total” knowledge and “problem-specific” knowledge, it is seen that successful users of the recognition heuristic have more problem-specific knowledge than people unable to exploit this heuristic. So it is not ignorance that makes them smart, but knowledge.
    Direct download (8 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  28.  83
    El poder de la imprecisión humana.María G. Navarro - 2013 - DIAGONAL 189:29.
    La lógica borrosa se ha definido como un sistema preciso de razonamiento, deducción y computación en el que los objetos del discurso se encuentran asociados a información que, por lo general, consideramos imprecisa, incompleta, incierta, poco fiable, parcialmente verdadera o parcialmente posible.
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  29.  68
    Agent tracking: a psycho-historical theory of the identification of living and social agents.Nicolas J. Bullot - 2015 - Biology and Philosophy 30 (3):359-382.
    To explain agent-identification behaviours, universalist theories in the biological and cognitive sciences have posited mental mechanisms thought to be universal to all humans, such as agent detection and face recognition mechanisms. These universalist theories have paid little attention to how particular sociocultural or historical contexts interact with the psychobiological processes of agent-identification. In contrast to universalist theories, contextualist theories appeal to particular historical and sociocultural contexts for explaining agent-identification. Contextualist theories tend to adopt idiographic methods aimed at recording the (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  30.  2
    Measuring Beyond the Standard: Informal Measurement Systems as Cognitive Technologies.Roope O. Kaaronen, Mikael A. Manninen & Jussi T. Eronen - forthcoming - Topics in Cognitive Science.
    This paper explores the role of measurement as a cognitive technology across human history, emphasizing the coexistence of formal and informal measurement systems. While standardized systems dominate contemporary culture and are well documented across large-scale societies of the past, this manuscript highlights the less explored domain of informal measurement practices that have been integral to daily life from the past to the present. Through the examination of body-based measurement systems and proportional heuristics, we demonstrate how these informal strategies were not (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  31.  63
    The pragmatic roots of context.Bruce Edmonds - unknown
    When modelling complex systems one can not include all the causal factors, but one has to settle for partial models. This is alright if the factors left out are either so constant that they can be ignored or one is able to recognise the circumstances when they will be such that the partial model applies. The transference of knowledge from the point of application to the point of learning utilises a combination of recognition and inference ­ a simple model (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  32.  46
    Can a perpetrator write a testimonio? Moral lessons from the dark side.Sumner B. Twiss - 2010 - Journal of Religious Ethics 38 (1):5-42.
    By posing a heuristically provocative question, this essay compares and explores in some detail the testimonies of three infamous perpetrators from the Nazi period—Albert Speer, Rudolph Hoess, and Adolf Eichmann—for what they reveal about their motives, ideological thinking, and strategies of denial and self-deception, as well as influences from their social, political, and cultural context. The conclusion drawn is that many of the external and internal factors at work in them are recognizable to us as features of our own moral (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  33.  31
    Response to Glenn Hughes, “Ulterior Significance in the Art of Bob Dylan”.Patrick Brown - 2011 - Journal of Macrodynamic Analysis 6.
    This essay—originally a conference response to Glenn Hughes’ essay—explores how themes and notions in Lonergan’s philosophy of art extend in surprising and often unnoticed ways into the larger whole of Lonergan’s thought. By the same token, the broader framework of Lonergan’s philosophy sheds a great deal of interesting light on his philosophy of art. The essay explores this mutual illumination in the context of Hughes’ reflections on “ulterior significance.” For example, it relates Lonergan’s notion of art to his heuristic (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  34.  57
    Pierce’s Incomplete Synthetic Turn.Giovanni Maddalena - 2012 - Review of Metaphysics 65 (3):613-640.
    Peirce did not achieve a final systematization of his work. Beyond the difficulties in explaining so many philosophical tools that he introduced—suffice it to mention semiotic, abductive logic, a heuristic based on continuity, scholastic realism—, there is a theoretical reason for this incompletion. All those new philosophical tools indicated a conception of synthesis very different from the one he received from Kant. Peirce did not realize the profound direction of his enquiry so that he did not directly question neither (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  35.  15
    Le concept de maladie sous-jacent aux tentatives d'informatisation du diagnostic médical.Anne Fagot-Largeault - 1988 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 10:89 - 110.
    The following topics are considered: - 1) Computer-based medical consultation: good doctors have the capacity to make right guesses. - 2) Elementary diagnostic logic: illness as a boolean combination of signs or symptoms, diagnosis as a deductive process. - 3) Clinical decision under uncertainty: partial and/or elusive evidence, overlapping types. - 4) Local heuristic strategies: (1) statistical methods, (2) probabilistic (bayesian) methods, (3) fuzzy methods and Mycin-type expert systems. - 5) General heuristic strategies: representing medical knowledge (rules, nets, (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  36.  17
    Knowing the Knowing. Non-dual Meditative Practice From an Enactive Perspective.Daniel Meling - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13:778817.
    Within a variety of contemplative traditions, non-dual-oriented practices were developed to evoke an experiential shift into a mode of experiencing in which the cognitive structures of self-other and subject–object subside. These practices serve to de-reify the enactment of an observing witness which is usually experienced as separate from the objects of awareness. While several contemplative traditions, such as Zen, Mahāmudrā, Dzogchen, and Advaita Vedanta emphasize the importance of such a non-dual insight for the cultivation of genuine wellbeing, only very few (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  37.  46
    Is synthetic biology mechanical biology?Sune Holm - 2015 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 37 (4):413-429.
    A widespread and influential characterization of synthetic biology emphasizes that synthetic biology is the application of engineering principles to living systems. Furthermore, there is a strong tendency to express the engineering approach to organisms in terms of what seems to be an ontological claim: organisms are machines. In the paper I investigate the ontological and heuristic significance of the machine analogy in synthetic biology. I argue that the use of the machine analogy and the aim of producing rationally designed (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   5 citations  
  38.  52
    Indicators and criteria of consciousness: ethical implications for the care of behaviourally unresponsive patients.Kathinka Evers, Benedetta Cecconi, Jitka Annen, Cyriel Pennartz & Michele Farisco - 2022 - BMC Medical Ethics 23 (1):1-15.
    BackgroundAssessing consciousness in other subjects, particularly in non-verbal and behaviourally disabled subjects (e.g., patients with disorders of consciousness), is notoriously challenging but increasingly urgent. The high rate of misdiagnosis among disorders of consciousness raises the need for new perspectives in order to inspire new technical and clinical approaches. Main bodyWe take as a starting point a recently introduced list of operational indicators of consciousness that facilitates its recognition in challenging cases like non-human animals and Artificial Intelligence to explore their (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
  39.  70
    Coevolutionary aesthetics in human and biotic artworlds.Richard O. Prum - 2013 - Biology and Philosophy 28 (5):811-832.
    This work proposes a coevolutionary theory of aesthetics that encompasses both biotic and human arts. Anthropocentric perspectives in aesthetics prevent the recognition of the ontological complexity of the aesthetics of nature, and the aesthetic agency of many non-human organisms. The process of evaluative coevolution is shared by all biotic advertisements. I propose that art consists of a form of communication that coevolves with its own evaluation. Art and art history are population phenomena. I expand Arthur Danto’s Artworld concept to (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   10 citations  
  40.  67
    Instance‐based learning in dynamic decision making.Cleotilde Gonzalez, Javier F. Lerch & Christian Lebiere - 2003 - Cognitive Science 27 (4):591-635.
    This paper presents a learning theory pertinent to dynamic decision making (DDM) called instancebased learning theory (IBLT). IBLT proposes five learning mechanisms in the context of a decision‐making process: instance‐based knowledge, recognition‐based retrieval, adaptive strategies, necessity‐based choice, and feedback updates. IBLT suggests in DDM people learn with the accumulation and refinement of instances, containing the decision‐making situation, action, and utility of decisions. As decision makers interact with a dynamic task, they recognize a situation according to its similarity to past (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   36 citations  
  41. The role of consciousness in memory.S. Franklin, B. J. Baars, U. Ramamurthy & M. Ventura - 2005 - Brains, Minds and Media 1.
    Conscious events interact with memory systems in learning, rehearsal and retrieval (Ebbinghaus 1885/1964; Tulving 1985). Here we present hypotheses that arise from the IDA computional model (Franklin,Kelemen and McCauley 1998; Franklin 2001b) of global workspace theory (Baars 1988, 2002). Our primary tool for this exploration is a flexible cognitive cycle employed by the IDA computational model and hypothesized to be a basic element of human cognitive processing. Since cognitive cycles are hypothesized to occur five to tentimes a second and include (...)
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   13 citations  
  42.  79
    Fleck in context.Eva Hedfors - 2007 - Perspectives on Science 15 (1):49-86.
    : Since its almost serendipitous rediscovery in the late seventies, Fleck's monograph, Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsachee, initially published in 1935, translated into English in 1979 (Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact), has been met with increasing acclaim within the philosophy and the sociology of science. In historizing, sociologizing and relativizing science, Fleck is claimed to have expressed prescient views on the history, philosophy and sociology of science and in deeply influencing Kuhn. Though the neglect of Fleck by (...)
    Direct download (5 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   9 citations  
  43.  29
    Non‐Arbitrariness in Mapping Word Form to Meaning: Cross‐Linguistic Formal Markers of Word Concreteness.Jamie Reilly, Jinyi Hung & Chris Westbury - 2017 - Cognitive Science 41 (4):1071-1089.
    Arbitrary symbolism is a linguistic doctrine that predicts an orthogonal relationship between word forms and their corresponding meanings. Recent corpora analyses have demonstrated violations of arbitrary symbolism with respect to concreteness, a variable characterizing the sensorimotor salience of a word. In addition to qualitative semantic differences, abstract and concrete words are also marked by distinct morphophonological structures such as length and morphological complexity. Native English speakers show sensitivity to these markers in tasks such as auditory word recognition and naming. (...)
    Direct download  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   4 citations  
  44. Improved Local Search for Graph Edit Distance.Nicolas Boria, David Blumenthal, Bougleux B., Brun Sébastien & Luc - 2020 - Pattern Recognition Letters 129:19–25.
    The graph edit distance (GED) measures the dissimilarity between two graphs as the minimal cost of a sequence of elementary operations transforming one graph into another. This measure is fundamental in many areas such as structural pattern recognition or classification. However, exactly computing GED is NP-hard. Among different classes of heuristic algorithms that were proposed to compute approximate solutions, local search based algorithms provide the tightest upper bounds for GED. In this paper, we present K-REFINE and RANDPOST. K-REFINE (...)
    No categories
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  45.  74
    Toward the Materiality of Aesthetic Experience.Peter De Bolla - 2002 - Diacritics 32 (1):19-37.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Toward the Materiality of Aesthetic ExperiencePeter de Bolla (bio)Over the last twenty years or so it has become a commonplace in discussions of "aesthetics" or of "art" in the most general sense to note that the term "aesthetics" was only very recently invented by Alexander Baumgarten in 1735, where it appears in his Meditationes philosophicae de nonnullis ad poema pertinentibus [see Menke 40; Dickie; Eagleton]. But the force of (...)
    Direct download (6 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  46.  15
    Возможен ли синтез натурализма и антинатурализма?Валентин Александрович Бажанов - 2023 - Epistemology and Philosophy of Science 60 (3):6-16.
    In the XXth century naturalism and anti-naturalism, including the ideas of transcendentalism and a priori in Kant’s sense, considered as a kind of conceptual antipodes, conceptual oppositions in relation to the antagonism of their methodological attitudes and principles. However, at the turn of the XXIth century, the intensive development of cognitive studies, accompanied by the expansion of the empirical base, pushed the need to revise the traditionally accepted incompatibility of naturalism and anti-naturalism. The article has the goal to assess the (...)
    No categories
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  47. The first subatomic explanations of the periodic system.Helge Kragh - 2001 - Foundations of Chemistry 3 (2):129-143.
    Attempts to explain the periodic system as a manifestation of regularities in the structure of the atoms of the elements are as old as the system itself. The paper analyses some of the most important of these attempts, in particular such works that are historically connected with the recognition of the electron as a fundamental building block of all matter. The history of the periodic system, the discovery of the electron, and ideas of early atomic structure are closely interwoven (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   3 citations  
  48.  15
    Circles and Analogies in Public Health Reasoning.Louise Cummings - 2014 - Inquiry: Critical Thinking Across the Disciplines 29 (2):35-59.
    The study of the fallacies has changed almost beyond recognition since Charles Hamblin called for a radical reappraisal of this area of logical inquiry in his 1970 book Fallacies. The “witless examples of his forbears” to which Hamblin referred have largely been replaced by more authentic cases of the fallacies in actual use. It is now not unusual for fallacy and argumentation theorists to draw on actual sources for examples of how the fallacies are used in our everyday reasoning. (...)
    Direct download (3 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   2 citations  
  49.  21
    The Gospel of Mark: A Mahayana Reading (review).Donald G. Luck - 1999 - Buddhist-Christian Studies 19 (1):210-212.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Gospel of Mark: A Mahayana ReadingDonald G. LuckThe Gospel of Mark: A Mahayana Reading. By John P. Keenan. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1995.This is the latest effort of society member John Keenan to “pass over” (as John Dunne puts it) from one tradition to another in order to return to one’s point of departure with fresh perspective and heightened awareness. This book reflects impressive scholarship and builds on (...)
    Direct download (4 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark  
  50.  7
    Activist masks in the Latin American social protest.Baal Delupi - 2023 - Semiotica 2023 (255):117-129.
    Masks, balaclavas, eye masks, and various accessories have been consistently used to hide the face, from Greek times through the grotesque of the Middle Ages to the Latin American theatre festivals of the 1980s. In the twenty-first century, technological advances such as facial recognition, which are being used for the biopolitical control of the face, caused activists to start developing different mechanisms to cover their faces in public spaces. In other words, the mask is not used solely as a (...)
    Direct download (2 more)  
     
    Export citation  
     
    Bookmark   1 citation  
1 — 50 / 959