Results for 'Naturalism'

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  1. Disenchanted Naturalism.Disenchanted Naturalism - unknown
    Naturalism is the label for the thesis that the tools we should use in answering philosophical problems are the methods and findings of the mature sciences—from physics across to biology and increasingly neuroscience. It enables us to rule out answers to philosophical questions that are incompatible with scientific findings. It enables us to rule out epistemological pluralism—that the house of knowledge has many mansions, as well as skepticism about the reach of science. It bids us doubt that there are (...)
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  2.  12
    Thomas E. uebel* Neurath's programme for.Naturalistic Epistemology - 1996 - In Sahotra Sarkar (ed.), The legacy of the Vienna circle: modern reappraisals. New York: Garland. pp. 6--283.
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  3. Noological argument 2.6.Searle'S. Biological Naturalism - 2002 - In William Lane Craig (ed.), Philosophy of religion: a reader and guide. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. pp. 15--155.
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  4.  11
    Mario DE CARO (University of Roma Tre, Italy).Naturalism Davidson’S. - 2008 - In Maria Cristina Amoretti & Nicla Vassallo (eds.), Knowledge, Language, and Interpretation: On the Philosophy of Donald Davidson. Ontos Verlag. pp. 183.
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  5. Naturalism.Davidn D. Papineau - 2007 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    The term ‘naturalism’ has no very precise meaning in contemporary philosophy. Its current usage derives from debates in America in the first half of the last century. The self-proclaimed ‘naturalists’ from that period included John Dewey, Ernest Nagel, Sidney Hook and Roy Wood Sellars. These philosophers aimed to ally philosophy more closely with science. They urged that reality is exhausted by nature, containing nothing ‘supernatural’, and that the scientific method should be used to investigate all areas of reality, including (...)
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  6. World without design: the ontological consequences of naturalism.Michael Cannon Rea - 2002 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Philosophical naturalism, according to which philosophy is continuous with the natural sciences, has dominated the Western academy for well over a century, but Michael Rea claims that it is without rational foundation. Rea argues compellingly to the surprising conclusion that naturalists are committed to rejecting realism about material objects, materialism, and perhaps realism about other minds.
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  7. Kant and naturalism reconsidered.John H. Zammito - 2008 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 51 (5):532 – 558.
    Reconstructions of Kant are prominent in the contemporary debate over naturalism. Given that this naturalism rejects a priori principles, Kant's anti-naturalism can best be discerned in the “critical turn” as a response to David Hume. Hume did not awaken Kant to criticize but to defend rational metaphysics. But when Kant went transcendental did he not, in fact, go transcendent? The controversy in the 1990s over John McDowell's Mind and World explored just this suspicion: the questions of the (...)
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  8. Naturalism, materialism, and first philosophy.D. M. Armstrong - 1978 - Philosophia 8 (2-3):261-276.
    First, The doctrine of naturalism, That reality is spatio-Temporal, Is defended. Second, The doctrine of materialism or physicalism, That this spatio-Temporal reality involves nothing but the entities of physics working according to the principles of physics, Is defended. Third, It is argued that these doctrines do not constitute a "first philosophy." a satisfactory first philosophy should recognize universals, In the form of instantiated properties and relations. Laws of nature are constituted by relations between universals. What universals there are, And (...)
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  9. Moral naturalism.Jimmy Lenman - manuscript
    While "moral naturalism" is sometimes used to refer to any approach to metaethics intended to cohere with naturalism in metaphysics more generally, the label is more usually reserved for naturalistic forms of moral realism according to which there are objective moral facts and properties and these moral facts and properties are natural facts and properties. Views of this kind appeal to many as combining the advantages of naturalism and realism but have seemed to many others to do (...)
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  10. Naturalism, normativity, and the open question argument.Connie S. Rosati - 1995 - Noûs 29 (1):46-70.
  11. Appelros, Erica (2002) God in the Act of Reference: Debating Religious Realism and Non-realism. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Co., $69.95, 212 pp. Barnes, Michael (2002) Theology and the Dialogue of Religions. New York: Cambridge University Press, $25.00, 274 pp. [REVIEW]Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism - 2003 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 53:61-63.
     
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  12.  70
    Naturalism and social science: a post-empiricist philosophy of social science.David Thomas - 1979 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This 1979 text addresses the ways in which the dominant theories in large areas of Western social science have been subject to strong criticisms, particularly ...
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  13. Naturalism and the philosophy of colour ontology and perception.Mazviita Chirimuuta - 2020 - Philosophy Compass 15 (2):e12649.
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  14.  44
    Evolutionary Naturalism: Selected Essays.Michael Ruse - 1995 - London: Routledge.
    First published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
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  15. Liberal Naturalism: The Curious Case of Hegel.Paul Giladi - 2014 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 22 (2):248-270.
    My aim in this paper is to defend the claim that the absolute idealism of Hegel is a liberal naturalist position against Sebastian Gardner’s claim that it is not genuinely naturalistic, and also to defend the position of ‘liberal naturalism’ from Ram Neta’s charge that there is no logical space for it to occupy. By ‘liberal naturalism’, I mean a doctrine which is a non-reductive form of philosophical naturalism. Like Fred Beiser, I take the thesis of liberal (...)
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  16.  73
    What Is Non-Naturalism?Stephanie Leary - 2021 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 8.
    Metaethicists often specify non-naturalism in different ways: some take it to be about identity, while others take it to be about grounding. But few directly address the taxonomical question of what the best way to understand non-naturalism is. That’s the task of this paper. This isn’t a merely terminological question about how to use the term “non-naturalism”, but a substantive philosophical one about what metaphysical ideology we need to capture the pre-theoretical concerns of non-naturalists. I argue that, (...)
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  17. Ethical Naturalism and the Constitution of Agency.John Hacker-Wright - 2012 - Journal of Value Inquiry 46 (1):13-23.
  18. Laudan, Intuition and Normative Naturalism.Howard Sankey - 2020 - Organon F: Medzinárodný Časopis Pre Analytickú Filozofiu 27 (4):437-445.
    The aim of this paper is to document Laudan's rejection of the appeal to intuition in the context of his development of normative naturalism. At one point in the development of his methodological thinking, Laudan appealed to pre-analytic intuitions, which might be employed to identify episodes in the history of science against which theories of scientific methodology are to be tested. However, Laudan came to reject this appeal to intuitions, and rejected this entire approach to the evaluation of a (...)
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  19.  31
    Naturalism: A Critical Appraisal.Jeffrey S. Poland, Steven J. Wagner & Richard Warner - 1995 - Philosophical Review 104 (3):471.
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  20. A Naturalist Program: Epistemology and Ontology.D. M. Armstrong - 1999 - Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 73 (2):77 - 89.
  21.  76
    (1 other version)Temporal naturalism.Lee Smolin - 2015 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 52 (Part A):86-102.
    Two people may claim both to be naturalists, but have divergent conceptions of basic elements of the natural world which lead them to mean different things when they talk about laws of nature, or states, or the role of mathematics in physics. These disagreements do not much affect the ordinary practice of science which is about small subsystems of the universe, described or explained against a background, idealized to be fixed. But these issues become crucial when we consider including the (...)
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  22.  41
    Emergence and Religious Naturalism: The Promise and Peril.Scot D. Yoder - 2014 - American Journal of Theology and Philosophy 35 (2):153-171.
    While the topics of emergentism and religious naturalism have both received renewed attention in the past two decades, the recent publication of several books and numerous articles arguing for emergentism and its religious significance suggests that they are converging in interesting ways. Indeed, religious naturalists such as cell biologist Ursula Goodenough, complexity theorist Stuart Kauffman, and philosopher Loyal Rue have been important voices in this conversation. While they cannot be easily classified as religious naturalists, biological anthropologist Terrence Deacon and (...)
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  23.  42
    Humanism and Religious Naturalism in Carol Wayne White’s “Sacred Humanity”: A Span Too Wide to Bridge?Scot Yoder - 2018 - American Journal of Theology and Philosophy 39 (2):19-32.
    In Black Lives and Sacred Humanity: Toward an African American Religious Naturalism, Carol Wayne White sets out to develop a new religious ideal for African American culture by bringing two unlikely partners, African American religiosity and religious naturalism, into conversation. This is an ambitious project given the prominent role that supernaturalistic theism plays in African American religiosity and the paucity of attention that contemporary religious naturalism has given to cultural issues such as race. She attempts to bridge (...)
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  24. Think pieces.Gregory R. Peterson, Religious Metaphor Ursula Goodenough, What Is Religious Naturalism, Vajrayana Art & Iconography Jensine Andresen - 2000 - Zygon 35 (2):217.
  25.  82
    The Nature of Naturalism.Graham Macdonald & Philip Pettit - 1992 - Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 66 (1):225-266.
  26.  95
    A Naturalist View of Persons.Annette Baier - 1991 - Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 65 (3):5 - 17.
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  27. On Naturalism in Hegel's Philosophy of Spirit.Julia Peters - 2016 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 24 (1):111-131.
    In recent years, philosophers have become increasingly interested in a Hegelian approach to Aristotelian non-reductive naturalism. This paper points out a challenge faced by naturalist readings of Hegel's conception of spirit. For Hegel, spirit and nature are essentially distinct and even related in an antagonistic way. It is difficult to do full justice to this thought while at the same time reading Hegel as a naturalist. The paper also seeks to suggest a response to this challenge. Drawing on Hegel's (...)
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  28. Norms and naturalism: Comments on Miriam Solomon's social empiricism.Helen E. Longino - 2008 - Perspectives on Science 16 (3):pp. 241-245.
    Miriam Solomon's social empiricism is marked by emphasis on community level rationality in science and the refusal to impose a distinction between the epistemic and the non-epistemic character of factors ("decision vectors") that incline scientists for or against a theory. While she attempts to derive some norms from the analysis of cases, her insistent naturalism undermines her effort to articulate norms for the (appropriate) distribution of decision vectors.
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  29. David Copp, University of California, Davis.Legal Teleology : A. Naturalist Account of the Normativity Of Law - 2019 - In Toh Kevin, Plunkett David & Shapiro Scott (eds.), Dimensions of Normativity: New Essays on Metaethics and Jurisprudence. New York: Oxford University Press.
     
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  30. Francisco v'zquez Garcia.Etla Les Metaphores Naturalistes & Naissance de la Biopolitique En Espagne - 2007 - Cahiers Internationaux de Symbolisme 116:193.
     
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  31.  14
    A typology.Biological Naturalism Searle’S. - 2010 - In Jan G. Michel, Dirk Franken & Attila Karakus (eds.), John R. Searle: Thinking about the Real World. Frankfurt: ontos/de Gruyter. pp. 73.
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  32. Australasian Journal of Philosophy Contents of Volume 90.Darkness Visible, Against Normative Naturalism & Why Be an Agent - 2012 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 90 (4).
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  33.  83
    Why naturalism and not materialism?Roy Wood Sellars - 1927 - Philosophical Review 36 (3):216-225.
  34. Transcendental Arguments and Non-Naturalist Anti-Realism.David Bell - 1999 - In Robert Stern (ed.), Transcendental Arguments: Problems and Prospects. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press UK.
     
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  35.  8
    Commonsense Naturalism.Michael Bergmann - 2002 - In James K. Beilby (ed.), Naturalism defeated?: essays on Plantinga's evolutionary argument against naturalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. 61-90.
    This paper offers a commonsense response to Alvin Plantinga’s evolutionary argument against naturalism. The first stage of that argument concludes that the probability that our cognitive faculties are reliable (R) is low or inscrutable given the claims that naturalism is true (N) and that our cognitive faculties came into existence by way of the mechanisms of evolution (E)—i.e., that P(R/N&E) is low or inscrutable. The second stage claims that the fact that P(R/N&E) is low or inscrutable constitutes a (...)
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  36.  4
    Aetiological Naturalism in the Philosophy of Medicine: A Shaky Project.Claudio Davini - 2024 - Global Philosophy 34 (1):1-33.
    Griffiths and Matthewson (2018) employ the selected effects theory to contend that disease involves the impairment of the normal functioning of biological items. Since the selected effects theory focuses on the past effects of those items, I refer to their proposal as “aetiological naturalism”. In this paper, I argue that aetiological naturalism cannot constitute an adequate theory of disease. This is due to the fact that the selected effects theory, which lies at the heart of aetiological naturalism, (...)
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  37.  24
    Methodological Naturalism in Epistemology.Richard Feldman - 1999 - In John Greco & Ernest Sosa (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to Epistemology. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 170–186.
    Epistemologists often attempt to analyze epistemological concepts and to formulate epistemic principles. A common way to proceed is to propose analyses and principles and then revise them in the light of potential counterexamples. Analyses and principles not refuted by counterexamples are judged to be correct. To evaluate potential counterexamples, epistemologists rely upon their ability to make correct reflective judgments about whether there is knowledge or justified belief in the situations described in the proposed examples. For these purposes, it does not (...)
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  38.  46
    Religious Naturalism. What It Can Be, and What It Need Not Be.Wesley J. Wildman - 2014 - Philosophy, Theology and the Sciences 1 (1):36.
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  39.  25
    On Naturalism in Pain Research: A phenomenological Critique.Geniusas Saulius - 2013 - Metodo. International Studies in Phenomenology and Philosophy 1 (1):1-10.
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  40.  34
    Naturalism, tractability and the adaptive toolbox.Iris van Rooij, Todd Wareham, Marieke Sweers, Maria Otworowska, Ronald de Haan, Mark Blokpoel & Patricia Rich - 2019 - Synthese 198 (6):5749-5784.
    Many compelling examples have recently been provided in which people can achieve impressive epistemic success, e.g. draw highly accurate inferences, by using simple heuristics and very little information. This is possible by taking advantage of the features of the environment. The examples suggest an easy and appealing naturalization of rationality: on the one hand, people clearly can apply simple heuristics, and on the other hand, they intuitively ought do so when this brings them high accuracy at little cost.. The ‘ought-can’ (...)
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  41. Naturalism Meets the Personal Level: How Mixed Modelling Flattens the Mind.Robert D. Rupert - manuscript
    In this essay, it is argued that naturalism of an even moderate sort speaks strongly against a certain widely held thesis about the human mental (and cognitive) architecture: that it is divided into two distinct levels, the personal and the subpersonal, about the former of which we gain knowledge in a manner that effectively insulates such knowledge from the results of scientific research. -/- An empirically motivated alternative is proposed, according to which the architecture is, so to speak, flattened (...)
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  42. American Philosophic Naturalism in the Twentieth Century.John Ryder - 1997 - American Journal of Theology and Philosophy 18 (2):186-190.
     
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  43. Knowledge, Naturalism, and Cognitive Ethology: Kornblith’s Knowledge and its Place in Nature.José Luis Bermúdez - 2006 - Philosophical Studies 127 (2):299-316.
    This paper explores Kornblith's proposal in "Knowledge and its Place in Nature" that knowledge is a natural kind that can be elucidated and understood in scientific terms. Central to Kornblith's development of this proposal is the claim that there is a single category of unreflective knowledge that is studied by cognitive ethologists and is the proper province of epistemology. This claim is challenged on the grounds that even unreflective knowledge in language-using humans reflects forms of logical reasoning that are in (...)
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  44. Kuhn, naturalism, and the positivist legacy.Alexander Bird - 2004 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 35 (2):337-356.
    I defend against criticism the following claims concening Thomas Kuhn: (i) there is a strong naturalist streak in The structure of scientific revolutions, whereby Kuhn used the results of a posteriori enquiry in addressing philosophical questions; (ii) as Kuhn's career as a philosopher of science developed he tended to drop the naturalistic elements and to replace them with more traditionally philosophical a prior approaches; (iii) at the same there is a significant residue of positivist thought in Kuhm, which Kuhn did (...)
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  45. Lorenz's philosophical naturalism in the mirror of contemporary science studies.Werner Callebaut - 2003 - Ludus Vitalis 9 (20):26-55.
  46. Against a posteriori moral naturalism.David Barnett - 2002 - Philosophical Studies 107 (3):239 - 257.
    A posteriori Moral Naturalism posits a posteriorimoral/naturalistic identities. Versions of this view thatposit necessary identities purport to rely on theKripke/Putnam doctrine of scientific essentialism.Versions that posit only contingent identities requirethat moral terms are non-rigid designators. I argue thatmetaethics does not fall within the scope of scientificessentialism and that moral terms are not non-rigid designators.
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  47.  49
    Evolution and Moral Naturalism.Richard Joyce - 2015 - In Kelly James Clark (ed.), The Blackwell Companion to Naturalism. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 369–385.
    Moral naturalism is the view that moral properties exist in a manner that fits with our scientific worldview. Might empirical discoveries about the genealogy of moral judgments (that, for example, they issue from an evolved psychological faculty) serve to undermine moral naturalism? One way of undermining moral naturalism is to show that moral properties do not exist at all. The possibility of genealogical considerations supporting this conclusion is examined and found to be weak. Alternatively, might empirical discoveries (...)
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  48. Naturalism, Transcendental Conditions, and the Self-Discipline of Philosophical Reason.Sami Pihlstrom - 2001 - Journal of Speculative Philosophy 15 (3):228 - 250.
  49.  52
    Naturalism, Instrumental Rationality and the Normativity of Epistemology.Harvey Siegel - 1996 - ProtoSociology 8:97-110.
    Advocates of naturalized epistemology who wish to secure epistemology’s normativity want that normativity to be restricted to instrumental concerns, because these can be understood naturalistically. But epistemic normativity cannot be so limited; a ‘categorical’ sort of normativity must be acknowledged. Naturalism can neither account for nor do away with this sort of normativity. Hence naturalism is at best a seriously incomplete and therefore inadequate meta-epistemological position.
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  50.  59
    Imaginary naturalism: the natural and primitive in Wittgenstein’s later thought.Keith Dromm - 2003 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 11 (4):673 – 690.
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