Prenatal expectations about what children will be like after birth may provide a context for how parents perceive their infant's actual temperament. We examined how these expectations and perceptions are associated and together predict early parenting behavior, with parenting behavior in turn predicting changes in temperament. Reports of 125 families about their expectations of their unborn child's temperament, their infant's temperament at 4 and 12 months post-partum, and their hostile, responsive, warm, and overprotective parenting were included. We also included data (...) from an independent sample of 168 mothers, with the same measures, except that mothers reported on Big Five personality traits at T1. Results indicated that in both samples, parents' expectations were positively associated with perceptions of infant temperament. Prenatal expectations and newborn temperament independently predicted parenting behavior, and maternal and paternal parenting in turn predicted infant temperament at T3, controlling for infant temperament at T2. Although overall findings indicated associations between a more difficult temperament and more negative/less positive parenting, significant combinations of specific traits and parenting behaviors were sample-specific—indicating that more research is necessary to draw a conclusion about specific links. Both maternal and paternal expectations about their unborn child's temperament appear to carry over into the postpartum reality and provide a context for shaping early interactions between caregivers and their children, which may further shape the developing temperament of the child. (shrink)

Referential gaze has been shown to benefit language processing in situated communication in terms of shifting visual attention and leading to shorter reaction times on subsequent tasks. The present study simultaneously assessed both visual attention and, importantly, the immediate cognitive load induced at different stages of sentence processing. We aimed to examine the dynamics of combining visual and linguistic information in creating anticipation for a specific object and the effect this has on language processing. We report evidence from three visual‐world (...) eye‐tracking experiments, showing that referential gaze leads to a shift in visual attention toward the cued object, which consequently lowers the effort required for processing the linguistic reference. Importantly, perceiving and following the gaze cue did not prove costly in terms of cognitive effort, unless the cued object did not fit the verb selectional preferences. (shrink)

This paper discusses the classification of antifeminism presented in the book The High Forehead by the philosopher Gordana Bosanac. In this book, which is entirely dedicated to antifeminism, Gordana Bosanac points out the connection between feminism and antifeminism, where antifeminism is determined by the conservative reception of feminist values and the reaction of basically primitive consciousness. Bosanac determines feminism to be a humanistic and the broadest democratic movement based on tolerance but also on broader world ideas aiming at peace and (...) nature’s right to live. The classification of antifeminism in this paper is contextualized with regard to the emergence of new types of antifeminism and its forms in modern societies, especially in the world of the Internet. The paper concludes that the classification is an extremely valuable and stimulating framework for further research, both theoretical and empirical. Reality did not deny the classification; it remained open to new phenomena of antifeminism and the connection that antifeminism has with the new right and right-wing social movements. (shrink)

The end of the bi-polar world and the collapse of communist regimes triggered an unprecedented mobility of people and heralded a new phase in European migrations. Eastern Europeans were now not only ‘free to leave’ to the West but more exactly ‘free to leave and to come back’. In this text I will focus on gendered transnational, cross-border practices and capabilities of Central and Eastern Europeans on the move, who use their spatial mobility to adapt to the new context of (...) post-communist transition. We are dealing here with practices that are very different from those which the literature on ‘immigrant transnationalism’ is mostly about. Rather than relying on transnational networking for improving their condition in the country of their settlement, they tend to ‘settle within mobility,’ staying mobile ‘as long as they can’ in order to improve or maintain the quality of life at home. Their experience of migration thus becomes their lifestyle, their leaving home and going away, paradoxically, a strategy of staying at home, and, thus, an alternative to what migration is usually considered to be — emigration/immigration. Access to and management of mobility is gendered and dependent on institutional context. Mobility as a strategy can be empowering, a resource, a tool for social innovation and agency and an important dimension of social capital — if under the migrants’ own control. However, mobility may reflect increased dependencies, proliferation of precarious jobs and, as in the case of trafficking in women, lack of mobility and freedom. (shrink)

This paper presents a sequent calculus for the positive relevant logic with necessity and a proof that it admits the elimination of cut.

In derivations of a sequent system, $\mathcal{L}\mathcal{J}$, and a natural deduction system, $\mathcal{N}\mathcal{J}$, the trails of formulae and the subformula property based on these trails will be defined. The derivations of $\mathcal{N}\mathcal{J}$ and $\mathcal{L}\mathcal{J}$ will be connected by the map $g$, and it will be proved the following: an $\mathcal{N}\mathcal{J}$-derivation is normal $\Longleftrightarrow $ it has the subformula property based on trails $\Longleftrightarrow $ its $g$-image in $\mathcal{L}\mathcal{J}$ is without maximum cuts $\Longrightarrow $ that $g$-image has the subformula property based (...) on trails. In $\mathcal{L}\mathcal{J}$-derivations, another type of cuts, sub-cuts, will be introduced, and it will be proved the following: all cuts of an $\mathcal{L}\mathcal{J}$-derivation are sub-cuts $\Longleftrightarrow $ it has the subformula property based on trails. (shrink)

The connection between the rules and derivations of Gentzen’s calculiNJandLJwill be explained by several steps (i.e., systems), and an analysis of the well-known problems of the connection between reduction steps of normalization and cut elimination, from Zucker (1974) and Urban (2014), will be given.

Protection motivation theory is a theoretical framework informative for understanding behavioral intentions and choices during exceptional and uncommon circumstances, such as a pandemic of respiratory infectious disease. PMT postulates both the threat appraisal and the coping appraisal as predictors of health behaviors. Recent advances in the field of behavioral immune system research suggest that humans are equipped with a set of psychological adaptations enabling them to detect the disease-threat and activate behavioral avoidance of pathogens. The present study, set within PMT (...) framework and informed by the BIS research, aimed to explain and predict voluntary adherence to COVID-19 guidelines by perceived personal risk and vulnerability to disease as threat appraisal variables, and trust in science as the response efficacy element of coping appraisal. Gender, age, belief in the second wave, perceived personal risk, germ aversion, and trust in science were all found to be significant positive predictors of the intent to adhere to non-pharmacological COVID-19 recommendations, with the belief in the second wave, germ aversion, and trust in science being the most important ones. On the other hand, only the belief in the second wave and trust in science were significant positive predictors of the intent to adhere to pharmacological COVID-19 recommendations. Interventions aimed at enhancing preventative measures adherence should take into account that the psychological mechanisms underlying adherence to these two types of recommendations are not identical. (shrink)

A natural deduction system NI, for the full propositional intuitionistic logic, is proposed. The operational rules of NI are obtained by the translation from Gentzen’s calculus LJ and the normalization is proved, via translations from sequent calculus derivations to natural deduction derivations and back.

In Ilić and Boričić, the right-handed cut-free sequent calculus $GRW$ for the contraction-less relevant logic $RW$ is defined. In this paper, we show that the enlargement of the system $GRW$ with the structural rule of intensional contraction presents the sequent system for the principal relevant logic $R$ but the rule of cut cannot be eliminated in $GRW+$.

In our paper [3], a sequent system for the contraction‐less positive relevant logic with co‐tenability,, is considered. Its sequent system with the rule of cut, which does not involve the truth constant t, is presented, and the proof that it admits the elimination of cut is given. However, in the proof of the cut‐elimination theorem some forms of proofs, which may cause difficulties for the cut‐elimination argument, are not considered. The purpose of this paper is to present them and to (...) re‐prove that admits the elimination of cut. (shrink)

In the text the author considers politics of interpretation of South-Slavic peoples' recent past, which was demonstrated by the most prominent activists of Serbian non-governmental organizations. By summarizing the interpretation in a few points, the author attempts to identify its key features: arrogance and extremism as a style, counter factuality as a strategy and anti-Serbian nationalism and racism as an ideological strongpoint. In the final section of the text, what is pleaded is a precise legal regulation of that delicate area (...) of civil activism, which in the last decade has presented a malignant protuberance on destroyed social tissue of Serbia and serious threat to the rest of its considerably lost national interests. U tekstu se razmatra politika interpretiranja novije jugoslovenske proslosti, kakvu je u protekloj deceniji praktikovalo nekoliko najprominentnijih aktivista srbijanskih nevladinih organizacija, nominalno usmerenih zastiti i unapredjenju ljudskih prava, promociji vrednosti mira i nenasilja, multikulturalizma i tolerancije. Sazimajuci njihovu interpretaciju nedavne proslosti jugoslovenskih naroda u nekoliko tacaka, autorka identifikuje kljucne karakteristike jedne nove i vulgarne - interpretatorske politicnosti, kakvu su ove nevladine organizacije demonstrirale u proteklom desetlecu svoga delovanja na srbijanskoj javnoj sceni: arogantnost i ekstremizam kao stil, falsifikatorstvo i kontrafaktualnost kao strategiju i antisrpski nacionalizam i rasizam kao ideolosko uporiste. U zakljucnom delu teksta autorka pledira za precizno zakonsko regulisanje ove delikatne oblasti civilnog delovanja, koje bi jasno definisalo sve njegove vaznije aspekte. (shrink)

U tekstu se razmatra priroda medjunarodnih odnosa i medjunarodne politike kakva se uoblicava nakon kraja Hladnog rata, politike ciji pravac u preteznoj meri odredjuju SAD kao jedina preostala super-sila. Namera autora je da ukaze na kljucne tacke divergencije moralno-vrednosne retorike i spoljno-politicke pragmatike ove mega-drzave. U tom smislu, razmatraju se slucajevi americkog stava, odnosno aktivnog tretmana dva dogadjaja koji su u politicko-bezbednosnom pogledu obelezili proteklu deceniju u svetsko-istorijskim razmerama - raspad/razbijanje Jugoslavije i kriza u Persijskom zalivu. Zakljucak autorke je da (...) spoljna politika aktualne super-sile jos uvek usmeravana real-politickim, odnosno interesnim, pre nego moralno-vrednosnim motivima. U zavrsnom delu rada razmatraju se antropoloski argumenti za vaspostavljanje narusenog "balansa moci" na globalnom nivou kao jedinog garanta mira i stabilnosti u svetu.. (shrink)

U radu na ovom individualnom projektu bice razmatran odnos interesa i morala u politici s posebnim osvrtom na proces razbijanja Jugoslavije i projekat globalizacije. Osnovna istrazivacka hipoteza koja se u radu nastoji potvrditi jeste da je remoralizacija svetske politike kojom su se na retorickom nivou legitimisali pomenuti procesi ostala na nivou na kojem se i zacela, odnosno da su u odnosima politickih aktera na globalnom, bas kao i na lokalnom nivou, i dalje na snazi moderni principi real-politike sa interesom kao (...) centralnom kategorijom politickog zivota i moci kao vrhovnom politickom vrednoscu. U tom kontekstu posebna paznja bice posvecena razmatranju kljucnih elemenata spoljnopoliticke tehnologije SAD kao glavnog aktera pomenutih procesa. U zakljucnom delu rada obrazlaze se potreba za jednim novim konceptom i praksom globalne politike koja bi uspesnije resavala krupne probleme pred kojima se covecanstvo naslo na razmedju dva veka i dva milenijuma. (shrink)

A new set of conversions for derivations in the system of sequents for intuitionistic predicate logic will be defined. These conversions will be some modifications of Zucker's conversions from the system of sequents from [11], which will have the following characteristics: (1) these conversions will be sufficient for transforming a derivation into a cut-free one, and (2) in the natural deduction the image of each of these conversions will be either in the set of conversions for normalization procedure, or an (...) identity of derivations. This will be used to give a new proof of the normalization theorem for natural deduction, as a consequence of the cut-elimination theorem for the system of sequents. (shrink)

In this paper we give a new proof of cut elimination in Gentzen's sequent system for intuitionistic first-order predicate logic. The point of this proof is that the elimination procedure eliminates the cut rule itself, rather than the mix rule.

Predmet ovog rada su eticki aspekti agresije NATO na SRJ, odnosno Srbiju, sprovodjene od marta do juna 1999. godine. Rad je koncipiran kao svojevrstan kriticki dijalog sa J. Habermasom, odnosno njegovim stavovima iznesenim u tekstu?Bestijalnost i humanost - rat na granici prava i morala?. Nakon kraceg prikaza Habermasovog stanovista, u uvodnom delu rada autorka razmatra moralne implikacije njegovog stava o hirurskoj preciznosti bombardovanja i principu postede civilnog stanovnistva kao karakteristikama ove agresije od, kako tvrdi ovaj autor, visokog legitimirajuceg znacaja. Potom (...) se usredsredjuje na kljucni, deklarativno moralni argument kojim se agresija opravdavala - zastita ugrozenih ljudskih prava kosmetskih Albanaca i sprecavanje humanitarne katastrofe kojoj su, kako se tvrdilo, bili izlozeni. Temeljnom analizom ovog argumenta, koju autorka sprovodi u nekoliko koraka, ona zakljucuje da agresija nije bila, kako je Habermas tvrdio, rat na granici prava i morala, vec s onu stranu i prava i morala, situirana duboko u domen interesno motivisanih oruzanih akata americke spoljne politike. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007. (shrink)

The article contains an explanation of the topic to be dealt with by the author in the next research cycle. In the first part of the article author try to identify the main obstacles facing Serbia in the imperative processes of its European integrations. According to the author, those obstacles are numerous and mostly unique, based on the fact that in the last decade Serbian people was a subject of complete state disintegration to which the most powerful external contribution was (...) given by the USA and Western Europe itself. In spite of those obstacles, Serbia faces inevitable duty to carry out a complete political, economic and cultural reconstitution of its destroyed society as a condition sine qua non its own survival and successful development. In the final section of the text, what is pleaded is realistic approach to the multitude of the problems facing Serbia on the threshold of the new millennium. (shrink)

The well-known picture that sequent derivations without cuts and normal derivations “are the same” will be changed. Sequent derivations without maximum cuts (i.e. special cuts which correspond to maximum segments from natural deduction) will be considered. It will be shown that the natural deduction image of a sequent derivation without maximum cuts is a normal derivation, and the sequent image of a normal derivation is a derivation without maximum cuts. The main consequence of that property will be that sequent derivations (...) without maximum cuts and normal derivations “are the same”. (shrink)

This paper presents a cut-elimination procedure for classical and intuitionistic logic, in which cut is eliminated directly, without introducing the mix rule. The well-known problem of cut eliminations, when in the derivation the contractions of the cut-formulae are above the premisses of the cut, will be solved by new transformations of the derivation.

Practices such as mindfulness, introspection, and self-reflection are known to have positive short and long-term effects on health and well-being. However, in today’s modern, fast-paced, technological world tempted by distractions these practices are often hard to access and relate to a broader audience. Consequently, technologies have emerged that mediate personal experiences, which is reflected in the high number of available applications designed to elicit positive changes. These technologies elicit positive changes by bringing users’ attention to the self – from technologies (...) that show representation of quantified personal data, to technologies that provide experiences that guide the user closer in understanding the self. However, while many designs available today are either built to support or are informed by these aforementioned practices, the question remains: how can we most effectively employ different design elements and interaction strategies to support positive change? Moreover, what types of input and output modalities contribute to eliciting positive states? To address these questions, we present here a state of the art scoping review of immersive interactive technologies that serve in a role of a mediator for positive change in users. We performed a literature search using ACM Digital Library, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Design and Applied Arts Index (beginning of literature – January 1, 2018). We retrieved English-language articles for review, and we searched for published and unpublished studies. Risk of bias was assessed with Downs and Black 26-item QAT scale. We included 34 articles as relevant to the literature, and the analysis of the articles resulted in 38 instances of 33 immersive, interactive experiences relating to positive human functioning. Our contribution is threefold: First we provide a scoping review of immersive interactive technologies for positive change; Second, we propose both a framework for future designs of positive interactive technologies and design consideration informed by the comparative analysis of the designs; Third, we provide design considerations for immersive, interactive technologies to elicit positive states and support positive change. (shrink)

A compatible statistical interpretation of a wave packet is proposed. De Broglian probabilities which unite wave and particle features of quantons are evaluated for free wave packets and Jor a superposition of wave packets. The obtained expressions provide a very plausible and physically appealing explanation of coherence in apparently incoherent beams and of the characteristic modulation of the momentum distribution, found recently in neutron interferometry combined with spectral filtering. Certain conclusions about dualism and objectivity in quantum domain are also derived.

The new techniques and ideas in quantum interferometry with neutrons, photons, atoms, electrons, and Bose condensates that fluorished in the last two decades have influenced in a decisive way the thinking and the research in the foundations and interpretation of quantum mechanics. The controversies existing among different schools on the reality of matter waves of quantum theory, the postulates of quantum measurement theory, and the (in)completeness of quantum mechanics have to be approached now in a new way. Our argumentation follows (...) the spirit of the Paris school. (shrink)

A special kind of maximum cuts in sequent derivations, actual maximum cuts, is defined. It is shown that (1) each actual maximum cut of a sequent derivation makes maximum segments in its natural deduction image, and (2) each maximum segment of a natural deduction derivation makes an actual maximum cut in its sequent image.

In the sequent systems for exponential-free linear logic and BCK logic a procedure of elimination of maximum cuts, cuts which correspond to maximum segments from natural deduction derivations, will be presented.

Hate speech is a phenomenon which has been in the focus of scholarly interest of linguists, philosophers, sociologists, human-rights advocates, legal and media experts. Much of this interest has been devoted to establishing criteria for identifying what constitutes hate speech across disciplines. In this paper, we argue that hate speech has profiled as a distinct subgenre of the language of politics with typical patterns and ways of addressing which can be recognized in political campaigns across the world. Therefore, we present (...) the findings of the case study of translation exercises of English and Serbian texts containing samples of hateful language during presidential campaigns in the USA and Serbia in 2016 and 2017. Our aim is to identify the linguistico-pragmatic commonalities of hate speech in Serbian and English and examine students’ attitudes towards ethically and morally challenging language contents in their mother tongue and English as their foreign language. The results indicate that in both English and Serbian the same groups are targeted with the hateful language which in both languages uses vulgarisms, taboo words, sexist and chauvinistic declarative expressions to achieve political goals. In addition, L1>L2 and L2>L1 translation data indicate that personal moral and ethical norms in translators are stronger in L1 thus restrictively affecting translational L2>L1 output. (shrink)

This article examines the global and worsening problem of research misconduct as it relates to bio-medico-legal education. While research misconduct has serious legal implications, few adequate legal remedies exist to deal with it. With respect to teaching, research ethics education should be mandatory for biomedical students and physicians. Although teaching alone will not prevent misconduct, it promotes integrity, accountability, and responsibility in research. Policies and law enforcement should send a clear message that researchers should adhere to the highest standards of (...) ethics in research. It is vital that researchers and physicians understand basic aspects of law and the legal system in order to develop understanding of the medico-legal issues not just in the legal context, but with a sound grounding in ethics, social and theoretical contexts so that they can practice good medicine. Routine and holistic research ethics education across the curriculum for medical students and resident physicians, and continuing medical education for practicing doctors, are probably the best ways to accomplish this goal. (shrink)