Results for 'Medicine & Public Health'

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  1.  13
    Medicine Public Health and the Medical Profession in the Renaissance. By Carlo Cipolla. London: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Pp. viii + 136. £5.50. [REVIEW]William Wightman - 1977 - British Journal for the History of Science 10 (1):74-75.
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  2. Medicine and health care in later medieval europe: Hospitals, public health, and minority medical prac-titioners in English and German cities, 1250-1450.Anna Terry - 2001 - Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal 2.
     
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  3. In Me We Trust: Public Health, Personalized Medicine and the Common Good.Donna Dickenson - 2014 - The Hedgehog Review 16 (1).
    The rise of personalised medicine can be seen as an extension of individualism and as a threat to the common good.
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  4.  15
    Mothers, medicine and public health: exploring the influence of health advice in defining gendered responsibility for child health.Toni Noeline Denise Delany - 2009 - Nexus (Misc) 21 (3):19-19.
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  5.  25
    Public Health in an Era of Terrorism: The IOM Report on Public-Health Infrastructure. Institute of Medicine. 2003. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century. [REVIEW]Thomas May - 2003 - American Journal of Bioethics 3 (4):10 – 14.
  6. Precision Medicine for Whom? Public Health Outputs from “Genomics England” and “All of Us” to Make Up for Upstream and Downstream Exclusion.Ilaria Galasso - forthcoming - American Journal of Bioethics:1-15.
    This paper problematizes the precision medicine approach embraced by the All of Us Research Program (US) and by Genomics England (UK) in terms of benefits distribution, by arguing that current “diversity and inclusion” efforts do not prevent exclusiveness, unless the framing and scope of the projects are revisited in public health terms. Grounded on document analysis and fieldwork interviews, this paper analyzes efforts to address potential patterns of exclusion upstream (from participating in precision medicine research) and (...)
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  7. Professionalism in public health medicine and policy : the challenge of enhancement.Alex McKeown - 2016 - In Sabine Salloch & Verena Sandow (eds.), Ethics and Professionalism in Healthcare: Transition and Challenges. Routledge.
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  8.  3
    Preventive medicine and public health.R. M. Dykes - 1951 - The Eugenics Review 43 (2):104.
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  9.  44
    Medicine and Public Health, Ethics and Human Rights.Jonathan M. Mann - 1997 - Hastings Center Report 27 (3):6.
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  10. Bioethics, Public Health, and the Social Sciences for the Medical Professions: An Integrated, Case-Based Approach.Amy E. Caruso Brown, Travis R. Hobart & Cynthia B. Morrow (eds.) - 2019 - Cham: Imprint: Springer.
    This unique textbook utilizes an integrated, case-based approach to explore how the domains of bioethics, public health and the social sciences impact individual patients and populations. It provides a structured framework suitable for both educators (including course directors and others engaged in curricular design) and for medical and health professions students to use in classroom settings across a range of clinical areas and allied health professions and for independent study. The textbook opens with an introduction, describing (...)
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  11.  11
    Tailoring public health policies.Govind Persad - 2021 - American Journal of Law and Medicine 47 (2-3):176–204.
    In an effort to contain the spread of COVID-19, many states and countries have adopted public health restrictions on activities previously considered commonplace: crossing state borders, eating indoors, gathering together, and even leaving one’s home. These policies often focus on specific activities or groups, rather than imposing the same limits across the board. In this Article, I consider the law and ethics of these policies, which I call tailored policies. In Part II, I identify two types of tailored (...)
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  12.  13
    Justice in Medicine and Public Health.Rosamond Rhodes - 2005 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 14 (1):13-26.
    This paper is a revised and shortened version of my chapter, “Justice in Allocations for Terrorism, Biological Warfare, and Public Health” in Public Health Ethics, edited by Michael Boylan, Kluwer; 2004. Portions of this material were presented at the International Bioethics Retreat, Pavia, Italy, June 2003, and at the meetings of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences, Philadelphia, September 2003.
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  13.  63
    Justice in medicine and public health.Rosamond Rhodes - 2005 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 14 (1):13-26.
    a This paper is a revised and shortened version of my chapter, “Justice in Allocations for Terrorism, Biological Warfare, and Public Health” in Public Health Ethics, edited by Michael Boylan, Kluwer; 2004. Portions of this material were presented at the International Bioethics Retreat, Pavia, Italy, June 2003, and at the meetings of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences, Philadelphia, September 2003.
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  14.  22
    Elementary concepts of medicine: II. Health, health fields, public health.Olli S. Miettinen & Kenneth M. Flegel - 2003 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 9 (3):311-313.
  15.  34
    Philosophy of Population Health: Philosophy for a New Public Health Era.Sean A. Valles - 2018 - Abingdon OX14, UK: Routledge.
    Population health has recently grown from a series of loosely connected critiques of twentieth-century public health and medicine into a theoretical framework with a corresponding field of research—population health science. Its approach is to promote the public’s health through improving everyday human life: affordable nutritious food, clean air, safe places where children can play, living wages, etc. It recognizes that addressing contemporary health challenges such as the prevalence of type 2 diabetes will (...)
  16.  3
    Philanthropic Foundations and the Globalization of Scientific Medicine and Public Health: Proceedings of a Conference Jointly Sponsored by Quinnipiac University and the Rockefeller Archive Center with Additional Support From the Dreyfus Health Foundation.Benjamin B. Page & David A. Valone (eds.) - 2007 - Upa.
    This work resulted from a conference held in 2003 that was jointly sponsored by the Rockefeller Archive Center and Quinnipiac University. Drawing upon perspectives from history, philosophy, and the social sciences, as well as public health and medicine, the authors in this volume examine and critique the role of Foundations, most prominently the Rockefeller Foundation, in promoting and expanding the development of Western medicine around the world during the 20th century. The first half of the book (...)
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  17. Public Health Ethics: Mapping the Terrain.James F. Childress, Ruth R. Faden, Ruth D. Gaare, Lawrence O. Gostin, Jeffrey Kahn, Richard J. Bonnie, Nancy E. Kass, Anna C. Mastroianni, Jonathan D. Moreno & Phillip Nieburg - 2002 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 30 (2):170-178.
    Public health ethics, like the field of public health it addresses, traditionally has focused more on practice and particular cases than on theory, with the result that some concepts, methods, and boundaries remain largely undefined. This paper attempts to provide a rough conceptual map of the terrain of public health ethics. We begin by briefly defining public health and identifying general features of the field that are particularly relevant for a discussion of (...)
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  18.  15
    Social contribution of traditional and Natural Medicine in the Cuban public health.Leonor María Barranco Pedraza & Batista Hernández - 2013 - Humanidades Médicas 13 (3):713-727.
    Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de materiales disponibles en revistas electrónicas de la base SciELO con el objetivo de fundamentar la contribución de la Medicina Tradicional y Natural a la Salud Pública cubana y las interrelaciones ciencia-tecnología-sociedad. La perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad contribuye a construir una cultura científica para que la población en general pueda llegar a sentirla como propia, lo cual requiere priorizar la aplicación de la Medicina Tradicional y Natural socialmente útil y culturalmente relevante con el compromiso (...)
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  19.  7
    Salutary contributions of viruses to medicine and public health.Stephen T. Abedon - 2012 - In Witzany (ed.), Viruses: Essential Agents of Life. Springer. pp. 389--405.
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  20.  23
    Public Health als Beitrag zur sozialen Gerechtigkeit.Oliver Rauprich - 2010 - Ethik in der Medizin 22 (3):263-273.
    Soziale Faktoren haben einen starken Einfluss auf die Gesundheit und Lebenserwartung. Auch in Wohlfahrtsstaaten bestehen signifikante gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten zwischen besser und schlechter gestellten Bevölkerungsgruppen. Sie werden zunehmend als ein Problem der sozialen Gerechtigkeit wahrgenommen. Public Health dient dem Abbau gesundheitlicher Ungleichheiten und somit der Förderung der sozialen Gerechtigkeit. Obwohl Public Health-Maßnahmen effizienter zur Förderung und Angleichung der Bevölkerungsgesundheit beitragen können als viele medizinische Versorgungen, erhalten sie einen geringeren gesundheitspolitischen Stellenwert. Diese Prioritätensetzung zu Gunsten der Medizin kann (...)
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  21.  64
    Public health.Dean Rickles - 2010 - In Fred Gifford (ed.), Philosophy of Medicine. Elsevier.
    Public health involves the application of a wide variety of scientific and non-scientific disciplines to the very practical problems of improving population health and preventing disease. Public health has received surprisingly little attention from philosophers of science. In this chapter we consider some neglected but important philosophical aspects of the science of public health.
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  22.  52
    Public Health Ethics Theory: Review and Path to Convergence.Lisa M. Lee - 2012 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 40 (1):85-98.
    Public health ethics is a nascent field, emerging over the past decade as an applied field merging concepts of clinical and research ethics. Because the “patient” in public health is the population rather than the individual, existing principles might be weighted differently, or there might be different ethical principles to consider. This paper reviewed the evolution of public health ethics, the use of bioethics as its model, and the proposed frameworks for public (...) ethics through 2010. Review of 13 major public health ethics frameworks published over the past 15 years yields a wide variety of theoretical approaches, some similar foundational values, and a few similar operating principles. Coming to a consensus on the reach, purpose, and ends of public health is necessary if we are to agree on what ethical underpinnings drive us, what foundational values bring us to these underpinnings, and what operating principles practitioners must implement to make ethical decisions. If public health is distinct enough from clinical medicine to warrant its own set of ethical and philosophical underpinnings, then a decision must be made as to whether a single approach is warranted or we can tolerate a variety of equal but different perspectives. (shrink)
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  23.  24
    Evidence‐based medicine and public health.Paul Aveyard - 1997 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 3 (2):139-144.
  24.  3
    Public Health Dilemmas Concerning a 2-year old Hepatitis-B Carrier – Response.Marcel Verweij & Jim Steenbergen - 2008 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 5 (1):87-89.
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  25.  22
    On medicine and health enhancement - Towards a conceptual framework.Lennart Nordenfelt - 1998 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 1 (1):5-12.
    This paper contains an attempt at constructing a semantic framework for the field of health enhancement. The latter is here conceived as an extremely general category covering the whole area of health care and health promotion. With this framework as a basis I attempt to define the place of medicine within the enterprise of health enhancement. I finally indicate some normative issues for the future, in particular problems and possible developments for medicine as a (...)
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  26. Medicine’s metaphysical morass: how confusion about dualism threatens public health.Diane O’Leary - 2020 - Synthese 2020 (December):1977-2005.
    What position on dualism does medicine require? Our understanding of that ques- tion has been dictated by holism, as defined by the biopsychosocial model, since the late twentieth century. Unfortunately, holism was characterized at the start with con- fused definitions of ‘dualism’ and ‘reductionism’, and that problem has led to a deep, unrecognized conceptual split in the medical professions. Some insist that holism is a nonreductionist approach that aligns with some form of dualism, while others insist it’s a reductionist (...)
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  27.  35
    Burgeoning visions of global public health: The Rockefeller foundation, the London school of hygiene and tropical medicine, and the 'hookworm connection'.L. Wilkinson - 2000 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 31 (3):397-407.
  28.  18
    Burgeoning visions of global public health: The Rockefeller Foundation, The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the ‘Hookworm Connection’.Lise Wilkinson - 2000 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 31 (3):397-407.
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  29.  22
    Law, ethics and medicine: Privacy impact assessment in the design of transnational public health information systems: the BIRO project.C. Di Iorio, F. Carinci, J. Azzopardi, V. Baglioni & P. Beck - 2009 - Journal of Medical Ethics 35 (12):753-761.
    Objectives: To foster the development of a privacy-protective, sustainable cross-border information system in the framework of a European public health project. Materials and methods: A targeted privacy impact assessment was implemented to identify the best architecture for a European information system for diabetes directly tapping into clinical registries. Four steps were used to provide input to software designers and developers: a structured literature search, analysis of data flow scenarios or options, creation of an ad hoc questionnaire and conduction (...)
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  30.  20
    Medicine and health care - A commentary to Lennart Nordenfelt.Henk A. M. J. ten Have - 1998 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 1 (1):13-14.
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  31.  28
    Ethics in Public Health and Health Policy: Concepts, Methods, Case Studies.Daniel Strech, Irene Hirschberg & Georg Marckmann (eds.) - 2013 - Dordrecht: Springer.
    Faden, R. & Shebaya, S, Public Health Ethics. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.). Available from: htt : lato.stanford.edu archives sum2010 entries ublichealth-ethics (accessed ...
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  32.  71
    public Health Ethics From Foundations and Frameworks to Justice and Global public Health.Nancy E. Kass - 2004 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 32 (2):232-242.
    Public health ethics in the future will be distinguished from public health ethics in the past by this new subfield being labeled as such, acknowledged, and called upon for service. Ethical dilemmas have been present throughout the history of public health. The question of whether to force Henning Jacobson to be immunized in 1905 in accordance with the 1902 Massachusetts smallpox vaccination law was one of ethics as well as law. How Thomas Parran, Surgeon (...)
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  33. Public health policy, evidence, and causation: lessons from the studies on obesity.Federica Russo - 2012 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 15 (2):141-151.
    The paper addresses the question of how different types of evidence ought to inform public health policy. By analysing case studies on obesity, the paper draws lessons about the different roles that different types of evidence play in setting up public health policies. More specifically, it is argued that evidence of difference-making supports considerations about ‘what works for whom in what circumstances’, and that evidence of mechanisms provides information about the ‘causal pathways’ to intervene upon.
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  34.  33
    David M. Adams, Ph. D., is Professor of Philosophy at California State Poly-technic University, Pomona. Akira Akabayashi, MD, Ph. D., is Professor in the School of Public Health at Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. [REVIEW]M. L. S. Bette Anton, DeWitt C. Baldwin Jr, Catherine Belling, Patricia Benner, Alister Browne, Devra S. Cohen & Jack Coulehan - 2003 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12:1-3.
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  35.  38
    Public health dilemmas concerning a 2-year old hepatitis-b carrier – response.Marcel Verweij & Jim van Steenbergen - 2008 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 5 (1):87--89.
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  36.  61
    Abstraction and Solidarity: Improving Public Health with Ethics.Dien Ho - 2022 - Chronicle of Healthcare and Narrative Medicine.
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  37.  21
    A public health perspective on research ethics.D. R. Buchanan & F. G. Miller - 2006 - Journal of Medical Ethics 32 (12):729-733.
    Ethical guidelines for conducting clinical trials have historically been based on a perceived therapeutic obligation to treat and benefit the patient-participants. The origins of this ethical framework can be traced to the Hippocratic oath originally written to guide doctors in caring for their patients, where the overriding moral obligation of doctors is strictly to do what is best for the individual patient, irrespective of other social considerations. In contrast, although medicine focuses on the health of the person, (...) health is concerned with the health of the entire population, and thus, public health ethics is founded on the societal responsibility to protect and promote the health of the population as a whole. From a public health perspective, research ethics should be guided by giving due consideration to the risks and benefits to society in addition to the individual research participants. On the basis of a duty to protect the population as a whole, a fiduciary obligation to realise the social value of the research and the moral responsibility to distribute the benefits and burdens of research fairly across society, how a public health perspective on research ethics results in fundamental re-assessments of the proper course of action for two salient topical issues in research ethics is shown: stopping trials early for reasons of efficacy and the conduct of research on less expensive yet less effective interventions. (shrink)
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  38.  15
    Personal or Public Health?Muireann Quigley & John Harris - 2008 - In Michael Boylan (ed.), International Public Health Policy & Ethics. Dordrecht. pp. 15--29.
    Intuitively we feel that we ought (to attempt) to save the lives, or ameliorate the suffering, of identifiable individuals where we can. But this comes at a price. It means that there may not be any resources to save the lives of others in similar situations in the future. Or worse, there may not be enough resources left to prevent others from ending up in similar situations in the future. This chapter asks whether this is justifiable or whether we would (...)
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  39.  33
    Akira Akabayashi, MD, Ph. D., is Professor in the Department of Biomedical Ethics at the School of Health Science and Nursing, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, and Professor at the School of Public Health, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. [REVIEW]Rachel A. Ankeny, M. L. S. Bette Anton, Ana Borovecki, Alister Browne, Debora Diniz, Elisa J. Gordon, Matti Häyry & Steve Heilig - 2004 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 13:215-217.
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  40.  24
    The Right to Health and Medicines: The Case of Recent Multilateral Negotiations on Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual Property.German Velasquez - 2014 - Developing World Bioethics 14 (2):67-74.
    The negotiations of the intergovernmental group known as the ‘IGWG’, undertaken by the Member States of the WHO, were the result of a deadlock in the World Health Assembly held in 2006 where the Member States of the WHO were unable to reach an agreement on what to do with the 60 recommendations in the report on ‘Public Health, Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights submitted to the Assembly in the same year by a group of experts designated (...)
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  41.  28
    Public health nudges: weighing individual liberty and population health benefits.Derek Soled - 2021 - Journal of Medical Ethics 47 (11):756-760.
    Libertarian paternalism describes the idea of nudging—that is, steering individual decision-making while preserving freedom of choice. In medicine, libertarian paternalism has gained widespread attention, specifically with respect to interventions designed to promote healthy behaviours. Some scholars argue that nudges appropriately balance autonomy and paternalistic beneficence, while others argue that nudges inherently exploit cognitive weaknesses. This paper further explores the ethics of libertarian paternalism in public health. The use of nudges may infringe on an individual’s voluntary choice, autonomy (...)
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  42.  28
    Akira Akabayashi, MD, Ph. D., is Professor in the Department of Biomedical Ethics at the School of Health Science and Nursing at the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, and Professor at the School of Public Health, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. [REVIEW]Rachel A. Ankeny, M. L. S. Bette Anton, Alister Browne, Nuket Buken, Murat Civaner, Arthur R. Derse, Brent Dickson, Dan Eastwood, Todd Gilmer & Michael L. Gross - 2003 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12:229-231.
  43.  14
    Public Health Ethics Theory: Review and Path to Convergence.Lisa M. Lee - 2012 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 40 (1):85-98.
    For over 100 years, the field of contemporary public health has existed to improve the health of communities and populations. As public health practitioners conduct their work – be it focused on preventing transmission of infectious diseases, or prevention of injury, or prevention of and cures for chronic conditions – ethical dimensions arise. Borrowing heavily from the ethical tools developed for research ethics and bioethics, the nascent field of public health ethics soon began (...)
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  44.  3
    Public Health Genomics (PHG): From Scientific Considerations to Ethical Integration.Yanick Farmer & BÉatrice Godard - 2007 - Genomics, Society and Policy 3 (3):1-14.
    Recent advances in our understanding of the human genome have raised high hopes for the creation of personalized medicine able to predict diseases well before they occur, or that will lead to individualized and therefore more effective treatments. This possibility of a more accurate science of the prevention and surveillance of disease also illuminates the field of public health, where the translation of genomic knowledge could provide tools enhancing the capacity of public health authorities to (...)
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  45. Public Health Ethics: The Voices of Practitioners.Ruth Gaare Bernheim - 2003 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 31 (s4):104-109.
    Public health ethics is emerging as a new field of inquiry, distinct not only from public health law, but also from traditional medical ethics and research ethics. Public health professional and scholarly attention is focusing on ways that ethical analysis and a new public health code of ethics can be a resource for health professionals working in the field. This article provides a preliminary exploration of the ethical issues faced by (...) health professionals in day-to-day practice and of the type of ethics education and support they believe may be helpful. (shrink)
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  46. Behavioral Economics and Public Health.Christina A. Roberto & Ichirō Kawachi (eds.) - 2015 - Oxford University Press USA.
    Behavioral economics has potential to offer novel solutions to some of today's most pressing public health problems: How do we persuade people to eat healthy and lose weight? How can health professionals communicate health risks in a way that is heeded? How can food labeling be modified to inform healthy food choices? Behavioral Economics and Public Health is the first book to apply the groundbreaking insights of behavioral economics to the persisting problems of (...) behaviors and behavior change. In addition to providing a primer on the behavioral economics principles that are most relevant to public health, this book offers details on how these principles can be employed to mitigating the world's greatest health threats, including obesity, smoking, risky sexual behavior, and excessive drinking. With contributions from an international team of scholars from psychology, economics, marketing, public health, and medicine, this book is a trailblazing new approach to the most difficult and important problems of our time. (shrink)
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  47.  5
    A public health framework for reducing stigma: the example of weight stigma.Alison Harwood, Drew Carter & Jaklin Eliott - 2022 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 19 (3):511-520.
    We examine stigma and how it operates, then develop a novel framework to classify the range of positions that are conceptually possible regarding how stigma ought to be handled from a public health perspective. In the case of weight stigma, the possible positions range from encouraging the intentional use of weight stigma as an obesity prevention and reduction strategy to arguing not only that this is harmful but that weight stigma, independent of obesity, needs to be actively challenged (...)
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  48.  21
    Public Health, Ethics, and Human Rights: A Tribute to the Late Jonathan Mann.Lawrence O. Gostin - 2001 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 29 (2):121-130.
    The late Jonathan Mann famously theorized that public health, ethics, and human rights are complementary fields motivated by the paramount value of human well-being. He felt that people could not be healthy if governments did not respect their rights and dignity as well as engage in health policies guided by sound ethical values. Nor could people have their rights and dignity if they were not healthy. Mann and his colleagues argued that public health and human (...)
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  49.  67
    Moralization and Mismoralization in Public Health.Steven R. Kraaijeveld & Euzebiusz Jamrozik - 2022 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 25 (4):655-669.
    Moralization is a social-psychological process through which morally neutral issues take on moral significance. Often linked to health and disease, moralization may sometimes lead to good outcomes; yet moralization is often detrimental to individuals and to society as a whole. It is therefore important to be able to identify when moralization is inappropriate. In this paper, we offer a systematic normative approach to the evaluation of moralization. We introduce and develop the concept of ‘mismoralization’, which is when moralization is (...)
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  50.  30
    International public health law: not so much WHO as why, and not enough WHO and why not? [REVIEW]Shawn H. E. Harmon - 2009 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 12 (3):245-255.
    To state the obvious, “health matters”, but health (or its equitable enjoyment) is neither simple nor easy. Public health in particular, which encompasses a broad collection of complex and multidisciplinary activities which are critical to the wellbeing and security of individuals, populations and nations, is a difficult milieu to master effectively. In fact, despite the vital importance of public health, there is a relative dearth of ethico-legal norms tailored for, and directed at, the (...) health sector, particularly at the international level. This is a state of affairs which is no longer tenable in the global environment. This article argues that public health promotion is a moral duty, and that international actors are key stakeholders upon whom this duty falls. In particular, the World Health Organization bears a heavy responsibility in this regard. The article claims that better health can and must be better promoted through a more robust interpretation of the WHO’s role, arguing that neither the WHO nor international law have yet played their necessary part in promoting health for all. (shrink)
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