Six études mettent en lumière l'importance de la significativité dans l'existence, en particulier de nos jours, au coeur d'une société postmoderne désenchantée, à la fois en recherche de sens et saturée d'indications en tous genres. Sont appelés à en témoigner des penseurs - de Heidegger à Blumenberg, en passant par Levinas et Winnicott -, mais aussi le champ de l'éthique des soins et la Daseinsanalyse de Binswanger."--Page 4 of cover.

À la fin de Surveiller et Punir, Foucault indique qu’il faudrait étudier les débats révolutionnaires sur le droit des parents à faire enfermer leurs enfants, pour prolonger son analyse de la discipline comme « forme de société ». Cet article se propose d’étudier ces débats, en retraçant la manière dont l’autorité familiale a été constituée comme forme de pouvoir et objet de savoir, entre la fin du xviii e siècle et le début du xix e siècle français. L’analyse des discours (...) juridiques, pédagogiques et politiques sur l’autorité familiale permet de retracer l’émergence d’une forme inédite de gouvernementalité, dont la spécificité ne peut être appréhendée qu’à la condition de passer d’une approche généalogique à une perspective sociohistorique sur les rapports entre les groupes qui s’affrontent au sein de la société. À la lumière de ce constat, le problème du rapport entre la méthode de la « pratique historico-philosophique » et la méthode de l’enquête sociohistorique peut être réexaminé. (shrink)

Corporate misconduct receives significant attention in the business ethics literature. This paper studies how corporate misconduct is impacted by import penetration from China, which is largely exogenous to the U.S. product market. Using this natural experiment, we find that heightened Chinese import penetration curbs corporate misconduct of U.S. firms. The effect is more pronounced for firms with weaker corporate governance and firms more vulnerable to product market competition. The findings provide implications for firms facing increased import penetration. Firms may consider (...) improving corporate governance and exploring avenues for differentiation as potential strategies to cope with the competition. In addition, we address the exogeneity concern derived from the influence of Chinese value penetration. Furthermore, we find that competition-related policies such as tariff reduction and U.S. granting China Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) status also lower corporate misconduct. Our work adds to the debates on competition and corporate misconduct in a cross-country competitive landscape. (shrink)

The second international Chromatiques whiteheadiennes conference was devoted exclusively to the exegesis and contextualization of Whitehead's Science and the Modern World (1925). In order to elucidate the meaning and significance of this epoch-making work, the Proceedings are designed to form "companion" volume. With one paper devoted to each of its thirteen chapters, the Proceedings aim, on the one hand, to identify the specific contribution of each chapter to Whitehead's own research program - that is to say, to put its categories (...) into perspective by means of an internal analysis- and, on the other hand, to identify its global impact in the history of ideas. (shrink)

Entrevista a Edgardo Castro realizada por Harold Dupuis, el 14 de noviembre de 2022.

This experiment used event-related potentials to study the tactile-visual information conflict processing in a tactile-visual pairing task and its modulation by tactile-induced emotional states. Eighteen participants were asked to indicate whether the tactile sensation on their body matched or did not match the expected tactile sensation associated with the object depicted in an image. The type of tactile-visual stimuli and the valence of tactile-induced emotional states were manipulated following a 2 × 2 factorial design. Electrophysiological analyses revealed a mismatched minus (...) matched negative difference component between 420 and 620 ms after stimulus onset in the negative tactile-induced emotional state condition. This ND420-620 component was considered as a sign of the cross-modal conflict processing during the processing of incongruent tactile-visual information. In contrast, no significant mismatched minus matched negative difference component was found in the positive tactile-induced emotional state condition. Together, these results support the hypothesis that a positive emotional state induced by a positive tactile stimulation improves tactile-visual conflict processing abilities. (shrink)

Productivity—the hallmark of linguistic competence—is typically attributed to algebraic rules that support broad generalizations. Past research on spoken language has documented such generalizations in both adults and infants. But whether algebraic rules form part of the linguistic competence of signers remains unknown. To address this question, here we gauge the generalization afforded by American Sign Language (ASL). As a case study, we examine reduplication (X→XX)—a rule that, inter alia, generates ASL nouns from verbs. If signers encode this rule, then they (...) should freely extend it to novel syllables, including ones with features that are unattested in ASL. And since reduplicated disyllables are preferred in ASL, such rule should favor novel reduplicated signs. Novel reduplicated signs should thus be preferred to nonreduplicative controls (in rating), and consequently, such stimuli should also be harder to classify as nonsigns (in the lexical decision task). The results of four experiments support this prediction. These findings suggest that the phonological knowledge of signers includes powerful algebraic rules. The convergence between these conclusions and previous evidence for phonological rules in spoken language suggests that the architecture of the phonological mind is partly amodal. (shrink)

This paper challenges the traditional assumption that descriptive and prescriptive sciences are essentially distinct by presenting a study on the implicit normativity of the production and presentation of biomedical scientific facts within evidence-based medicine. This interdisciplinary study serves as an illustration of the potential worth of the concept of implicit normativity for bioethics in general and for integrated empirical ethics research in particular. It demonstrates how both the production and presentation of scientific information in an evidence-based decision-support contain implicit presuppositions (...) and values, which pre-structure the moral environment of the clinical process of decision-making. As a consequence, the evidence-based decision support did not only support the clinical decision-making process; it also transformed it in a morally significant way. This phenomenon undermines the assumption within much of the literature on patient autonomy that information disclosure is a conditional requirement before patient autonomy even starts; patient autonomy is already influenced during the production and presentation of information. These results imply an increased responsibility of those who produce and present evidence-based facts(i.e. scientists in general and physicians in particular). The insights of this study not only involve a different focus on both theory and practice of patient autonomy and informed consent, but they also call for a broader scope of morality than does traditional empirical research in bioethics. The concept of implicit normativity within integrated empirical ethics research calls for a strong cooperation between bioethicists and descriptive scientists, i.e., a cooperation that goes beyond the discipline-specific epistemic values and that takes place during all phases of the research process. (shrink)

This volume addresses the recent concern over the state of education in the U.S. today by tracing the history of educational theory from its classical roots to the reforms recommended by early and later liberals.

Business Ethics: A European Review, EarlyView.

This book focuses on major educational philosophies impacting Western education and makes sense of past and current trends placed in historical context. This third edition is updated with the swift changes taking place in education and looks at postmodernism as it has continued to develop during the past fifty years.

Technological changes affect Western culture in three ways: the ratio between the lifetimes of technologies and the human lifetime is inverted; the three principal realms of human life (the home, the workplace, and leisure activity), as well as political systems, are affected; and the cohesion of the social body is threatened. The impact on Eastern culture is softened by a clearer role assigned to school, the resulting level of education, and the influence of Confucian ethics. However, acculturation will vary among (...) countries, depending on the communication ability in the respective societies and the degree of development of social cellular structures, which are the most able to manage complexity. (shrink)

There is at present a broad social movement opposing the advanced capitalist system and the politicians that support it. As in the 1960s, this political current is comprised of reformists on the one hand and radicals on the other. In proposing a rereading of Herbert Marcuse, we hope to facilitate a better understanding of the frame of mind of the radicals participating in today’s movement against capitalist globalization. The limitations of Marcuse’s thought may point to the limitations of contemporary radicalism (...) while highlighting its originality when compared to the protest movements of the previous generation. (shrink)

Le bref texte que Paul Ricœur consacre en 1986 à la psychanalyse développée par Heinz Kohut révèle une réinterprétation phénoménologique à la fois du contenu et des fonctions de l'empathie, au total considérée comme un véritable outil à l'œuvre dans l'herméneutique du soi. La vision kohutienne de la constitution du soi et du processus thérapeutique analytique produit une espèce de “dé-sentimentalisation” de l'empathie, en soulignant le rôle crucial du transfert intersubjectif, fort à distance de la théorie (freudienne) solipsiste de l'ego. (...) The short text published in 1986 by Paul Ricoeur about Heinz Kohut's psychoanalysis of the self reveals a phenomenological reinterpretation of the content and the functions of empathy, finally considered as an effective tool of the hermeneutics of the self. Kohut's model of constitution of the self and of the therapeutic analytical process produces a kind of “de-sentimentalization” of empathy, pointing to the crucial role of intersubjective transfer, far from a (Freudian) solipsistic theory of the ego. (shrink)

Cet article se propose d’examiner la question de l’attention chez Malebranche à la lumière de travaux qui lui ont été récemment consacrés dans le domaine des neurosciences et de la phénoménologie. Il s’agit en particulier de montrer que la conception malebranchiste de l’attention est en elle-même intentionnelle et ne saurait donc se réduire à une simple attente pensée sur un modèle quiétiste. Le statut de la prière est au centre de cette analyse : l’attention comme « prière naturelle » n’est (...) pas attente de la lumière de Dieu, mais elle est toujours déjà orientée vers celle-ci et opère chez Malebranche comme cause occasionnelle. Ce rôle médiateur de l’attention s’enracine dans la théologie malebranchiste où l’attention apparaît à la fois comme un travail de l’esprit et une mise en relation avec l’autre, attention concentrée et attention conjointe. (shrink)

Les traditions religieuses asiatiques représentent pour le christianisme des partenaires exigeants du dialogue interreligieux. L'hindouisme, et en particulier sa mystique de la non-dualité, en est un exemple frappant. L'article montre d'abord la différence qui sépare l'expérience religieuse de Jésus et la non-dualiste hindoue. Quelle valeur alors la théologie chrétienne peut-elle attribuer à la tradition religieuse et mystique de l'hindouisme ? Ensuite, l'A. montre que certains éléments des traditions religieuses peuvent constituer l'expression concrète d'une rencontre entre le Dieu de Jésus-Christ et (...) les membres de ces traditions. Enfin, il montre le caractère enrichissant de ce dialogue interreligieux. (shrink)

L'A. présente deux livres parus récemment : L'Eglise et les religions non chrétiennes au seuil du XXIe siècle d'Henry van Straelen et Teologia missionaria d'André Seumois . Ces deux livres traitent du rapport de l'Eglise catholique aux religions non chrétiennes via la missionologie. Le commentaire de l'A. sur ces livres vise à une présentation objective et neutre de leur contenu. Il montre aussi le travail qui reste à accomplir dans ce domaine.