Research examining Service-Learning in Physical Education Teacher Education is ample. However, long-term investigations are still scarce and literature demands the application of this type of design to uncover the effects of SL on the long run. This study followed a longitudinal quantitative approach; thus, the participants completed the Civic Attitudes and Skills Questionnaire in three occasions. Results show that there exist significant differences between mean values of the global outcomes of the CASQ; concretely, there was an improvement in the first (...) interval followed by a decrease in the second period. Regarding the different dimensions of the CASQ, leadership skills, attitudes towards social justice and attitudes towards diversity showed significant differences too. This research leads towards better understanding of methodological strategies promoting quality education, positing SL as an adequate possibility in this respect, also in the long term. (shrink)

This study analyses the attitudes of university students towards unethical behaviour in the individual and organisational environments, and relates these attitudes to tolerance of corruption in their future professional lives. The results show a positive relationship between attitudes towards unethical behaviour in both environments, as well as tolerance towards acts of corruption, based on a virtual perception survey. Despite the general rejection attitude by students of such behaviour and acts, the rejection diminishes as their degree programme progresses. This study contributes (...) to our understanding of the tolerance of university students towards corruption, and to revealing how this attitude could explain tolerance towards this phenomenon in their future professional lives. (shrink)

Procurou-se, e esse foi o objetivo essencial, que este volume fosse marcado pelo discurso questionador e crítico de historiadores, de filósofos, de especialistas da ciência política, das ideias, do direito, da economia, da educação, da comunicação, da informação, das ciências, das artes. Surgiram assim interpretações, quadros, configurações e reconfigurações, ângulos de análise diversificados que fomentarão, por certo, uma reflexão viva dos leitores. É fundamental — continua a sê-lo — repensar e questionar campos temáticos à luz das análises teóricas e concetuais, (...) mas também dos processos, das dinâmicas, das relações, das potencialidades explicativas da nossa contemporaneidade. É assim que se entende este livro, com muitas contribuições, que vêm propiciar e enriquecer a reflexão sobre Outros Combates pela História. Combates pela História é, como se sabe, o título de um livro famoso de Lucien Febvre dos anos cinquenta. Através de uma recomposição, de novo se deu importância a todas as modalidades da História, mantendo, todavia, o sentido do rigor que era algo perseguido nos «combates pela História». Quer-se, pois, analisar o sentido da História, nas suas várias áreas. Contudo, ao propor-se este tema, não se desejou que os autores apresentassem tanto as suas investigações nas suas áreas próprias — embora elas estivessem subentendidas e devessem ser expressas —, mas que refletissem sobre o seu sentido no âmbito da História entendida como Ciência Social e Humana. Para tal, desejou-se que discutissem o objeto e o método da História das diversas áreas, equacionando os seus vários problemas. Foi isso que também sucedeu — estamos disso convencidos. Mas será o leitor, melhor do que ninguém, a ajuizá-lo. (shrink)

La manifestación de Jesús tiene su punto culminante en el último día de la fiesta de las Tiendas, en el templo de Jerusalén (Jn 7,38-39). Jesús se proclama poseedor y dador del Espíritu. De la comunión con Cristo emerge la potencia del amor divino, el Espíritu, en el creyente. Cristo resucitado, el Espíritu, la libertad, están en relación de mutua implicación, y constituyen un contexto existencial unitario en la persona que los acoge, según san Pablo. Es preciso tomar conciencia del (...) Espíritu presente en nuestra interioridad. Religiosas/os han encarnado la fertilidad del Espíritu y la ilustran para nuestro tiempo. Para entender la vitalidad, la acción del Espíritu que reciben los creyentes debemos mirar a María. (shrink)

Dibujar el pensamiento de Seneca es dibujar su figura viva, trazar el esquema de su persona. Seneca es un mediador que para alzarse sobre nosotros necesita de nuestra necesidad, pues solo apoyado en nuestra indigencia tiene sentido. Maria Zambrano lleva a cabo un lucido estudio de la figura y significacion del pensador cordobes y presenta una seleccion de sus escritos.

El origen de este escrito está en la pregunta fundamental de cómo puede ser feliz alguien que sabe que va a morir. La relación entre felicidad y muerte se presenta como paradójica; sin embargo, como experiencias extremas, hacen sospechar un oscuro parentesco. Esta es, de alguna manera, también la apuesta de Iribarne. La exposición se articula en tres partes: pensar lo imposible: la muerte; propuesta de otra perspectiva de la finitud: como troquelado de la vida; la posible apuesta a la (...) felicidad. Como categoría intermediaria en la relación muerte-felicidad se operó con la categoría de juego.The source of this paper is the fundamental questio how can somebody be happy when he knows that he must die. The relationship between happiness and death appears as a paradox; nevertheless, as extreme experiences, it may be suspected that there is an obscure kinship between both. This is what in a way is also at stake for Iribarne. The exposition is articulated in three parts: thinking the impossible: death; proposal of another perspective on finitude: as an imprint of life; the possibility of happiness as being our best bet. The category of play is employed as an intermediary category in the relationship death-happiness. (shrink)

The article explores the living legacy of Carla Lonzi for Italian feminism. In so doing, it highlights some key contributions made by Lonzi, in particular focussing on the necessity of taking leave of patriarchy (thanks to the invention of self-awareness), the critique of the universal (beyond the false alternative between female identity and equality with man), and the dogma of the heterosexual couple and clitoral pleasure.

[1] Filosofia viva -- [2] Filosofia e arte -- [3] Vida filosófica.

Se suele olvidar que los presocráticos, más que “filósofos” en el sentido actual de la palabra fueron hombres que sus contemporáneos tuvieron por sabios. He aquí una pequeña muestra de lo lejos que el Poema de Parménides se halla del tipo de lenguaje conceptual que occidente llama “filosófico”. La lengua del eléata es palabra viva y creadora como la de los poetas, pero también oscura y ambigua como la de los dioses. Quien lea a Parménides en la perspectiva de la (...) metafísica occidental y pase por alto su contenido poético, religioso, político y “preconceptual”, quizá termine lejos de su pensamiento originario. (shrink)

Este trabajo se centra, dentro del marco de la práctica jurídica, en la actividad judicial en la frontera oriental granadina en los últimos años del reino nazarí. La fuente documental es el pleito que Lorca y Vera sostuvieron por la delimitación de sus términos a lo largo del siglo XVI. La información viva y real aportada por los testigos, en su mayoría cristianos nuevos y de avanzada edad, viene a arrojar luz sobre la delimitación de competencias, actuaciones y jurisdicciones no (...) sólo del cadí, sino también del alcaide, otro importante representante de la justicia, en un espacio concreto de al-Andalus y en un tiempo concreto de su historia. (shrink)

Este artículo es un análisis de tres relatos periodísticos de la filtración de documentos de la Agencia Nacional de Seguridad de Estados Unidos, llevada a cabo por Edward Snowden: un libro, una película y una entrevista. El objetivo es sacar a la luz algunos dilemas éticos y políticos que subyacen al caso. Primero, una tensión paradójica entre la exigencia de transparencia frente al secreto estatal y la necesidad del secreto personal para el derecho a la privacidad, que refleja en nuestros (...) tiempos la dialéctica publicidad / secreto en la modernidad temprana. Segundo, la ética hack-activista enfrenta los conflictos entre anonimato y visibilidad. Tercero, los periodistas en que Snowden confía afrontan el dilema entre los deberes de la información y la protección de la confidencialidad de las fuentes. El asunto Snowden es, pues, una oportunidad para extraer algunas lecciones sobre la ética de la comunicación en la era digital. (shrink)

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é indicar como a exploração estilística de Margaret Cavendish responde às particularidades do conceito de natureza dela, por exemplo, a tese de que a natureza é uma matéria viva, infinita, mutável e heterogênea. Primeiramente, mostrarei o modo pelo qual a autora está presente em seus escritos, como ela escreve de uma perspectiva de primeira pessoa sobre sua própria experiência e de quem ela é. Resumirei brevemente sua biografia e o contexto no qual ela praticou filosofia. (...) Dado que suas escolhas de estilo são bastante numerosas, apresentarei somente algumas poucas, entre as peculiaridades estilísticas dela. Em segundo lugar, desenvolverei uma visão geral do seu conceito de natureza, ao contrário do proposto pelas teorias mecanicistas de seu tempo. Esclarecerei que tal conceito é expresso adequadamente pela diversidade estilística à qual Cavendish se volta em suas investigações. ABSTRACT This paper aims at indicating how Margaret Cavendish's stylistic exploration answer to the particularities of her concept of nature, i.e. the thesis that nature is live, infinite, changing and heterogeneous matter. I will first show the way in which the author is present in her writings, as she writes from a first person perspective about her own experience and from who she is. I will briefly summarise her biography and the context in which she practiced philosophy. Given that her stylistic choices are quite numerous, I will only present a few of her stylistic particularities. Secondly, I will develop the general outline of her concept of nature, as opposed to the one proposed by the mechanistic theories of her time. I will make it clear that said concept is adequately expressed in the stylistic diversity to which Cavendish turns in her investigations. (shrink)

El pasado 18 de septiembre se realizaron diferentes actividades en la ciudad de La Plata y la marcha para exigir por memoria, verdad y justicia, al cumplirse 15 años de la segunda desaparición de Jorge Julio López, en el marco del juicio contra el represor Miguel Etchecolatz.

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los diferentes conceptos del Cosmismo ruso como una alternativa al vacío existencial que permea todo el Transhumanismo. Si tenemos en cuenta que el fenómeno original del Cosmismo ruso es una síntesis de enfoques científicos generales, científico-naturales y culturales para el estudio de la dimensión cosmoplanetaria del hombre, es posible ver en el movimiento del Transhumanismo, por el contrario, supone una amenaza para la humanidad que podría culminar en la realización de sus ideales y (...) sobrepasar todas las zonas de riesgo existentes: la utilización de la innovación tecnológica para el reemplazo gradual del cuerpo humano natural en un cyborg puede llegar a destruir la humanidad tal y como la conocemos. El artículo muestra que el Cosmismo ruso es fundamentalmente diferente del Transhumanismo por la presencia de una enseñanza ética según la cual las nuevas habilidades evolutivas deben tener como base la mejora espiritual y moral de la persona. Al reducir la conciencia humana a un medio electrónico, el Transhumanismo devalúa los valores de la cultura europea. Junto a los sueños audaces sobre las posibilidades evolutivas del hombre, el Cosmismo ruso contiene programas de investigación en los que demuestra que la materia viva de nuestro planeta ha sido generada por diversas radiaciones cósmicas. De ahí que su filosofía anteponga, ante la magnitud que puede llegar a alcanzar la búsqueda de la inmortalidad defendida por el Transhumanismo, el concepto de la naturaleza cósmica de la vida y el "corazón" como un centro psicofisiológico especial de una persona, y que son estos dos conceptos los que podrán contribuir a resolver el problema del estrecho contacto con las tecnologías de última generación. (shrink)

Dalla "Filosofia morale."--Ragionamento al signor conte Gregorio Casati sopra un libro franzese.--Dai "Paradossi."--Della forza de' corpi che chiamano viva.--Della forza attrattiva delle idee.--Frammenti varj sopra la forza attrattiva delle cose che non sono.

Se suele olvidar que los presocráticos, más que “filósofos” en el sentido actual de la palabra fueron hombres que sus contemporáneos tuvieron por sabios. He aquí una pequeña muestra de lo lejos que el Poema de Parménides se halla del tipo de lenguaje conceptual que occidente llama “filosófico”. La lengua del eléata es palabra viva y creadora como la de los poetas, pero también oscura y ambigua como la de los dioses. Quien lea a Parménides en la perspectiva de la (...) metafísica occidental y pase por alto su contenido poético, religioso, político y “preconceptual”, quizá termine lejos de su pensamiento originario. (shrink)

Índice del número colectivo Minga-Mutirão de Revistas Latinoamericanas de Teología 2013, «A los 40 años de la Teología de la Liberación: balance y futuro» VIGIL, José Maria. Presentación . BARROS, Marcelo; VIGIL, José Maria. Anunciaron su muerte, ¡pero está bien viva! Teología de la Liberación 40 años: balance y perspectivas . SUSIN, Luiz Carlos, Secretario Executivo do Foro Mundial de Teologia e Libertação, Porto Alegre, Brasil, Teologia da Libertação: de onde viemos, para onde vamos? ALMEIDA, Antonio José de , Teologia (...) da Libertação e transições eclesiasis pendentes para o futuro. ARAGÃO, Gilbraz, Recife, Brasil, A Libertação se desdobra em diálogo. Teologia da Libertação e pluralismo religioso. BARROS, Marcelo, Recife, Brasil, Para una teología bolivariana de la Liberación. Teología de la Liberación y Patria Grande hoy . SCHIAVO, Luigi, San José, Costa Rica , Tiempos oscuros, tiempos de monstruos. Teología de la Liberación y nuevos desafíos culturales. OSORIO, Sergio, Bogotá, Colombia , Una nueva dimensión epistemológica para la teología. La Teología de la Liberación y el desafío epistemológico. RODRIGUES SILVA Marcos, Coordenador da Comissão de Teologia Afro da ASETT, Teologia Afro (ou Negra) da Libertação: balanço e perspectivas. TOMICHÁ, Roberto, Cochabamba, Bolivia, Teologías de la liberación indígenas. VÉLEZ, Consuelo, Coordinadora de la Comisión de Teología Feminista de la ASETT, Universidad Xaveriana, Bogotá, Colombia, Teología feminista latinoamericana de la Liberación: balance y futuro. KERBER, Guillermo : Teología de la liberación y movimiento ecuménico. CASTILLO, Jorge, panameño profesor de teología en la Universidad de Nijmegen, Holanda, Teología de la liberación y «cristianismo mundial». VIGIL, José María, Panamá, Panamá, Teología de la Liberación en camino hacia nuevos paradigmas. (shrink)

Minga-Mutirão de Revistas de Teologia Latino-americanas Anunciaram a morte, mas está bem viva, obrigado! Teologia da Libertação 40 anos depois ( Death was announced, but it is alive. Thanks! Liberation Theology 40 years later).

Este ensayo pretende abordar de nuevo el conocido símil de la línea para extraer de él su significado político, situándolo en su contexto: un diálogo en que se pregunta por la justicia. Pero trata a la vez de interpretar la pregunta por la justicia como una cuestión que no es meramente moral o política, sino decididamente ontológica: la pregunta por aquello que hace posible toda delimitación y todo discernimiento. El lugar en que confluyen ambos asuntos no es otro que la (...) pólis, el lugar en que se mantiene viva la ausencia de principio, la ausencia de arkhé. (shrink)

HIV/AIDS continues to constitute a serious threat to the social and physical wellbeing of African mothers and their babies. In the hardest hit countries of sub-Saharan Africa, more than 60% of all new HIV infections are occurring in women, infants and young children. Mother-to-child transmission constitutes 90% of new HIV infections among infants and young children. Most of these infections can be prevented. However, the social stigma of HIV/AIDS insidiously continues to undermine the success of prevention programs. Ironically, some attributes (...) or characteristics of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs may in fact serve as catalysts to the stigmatization process. This paper identifies and discusses six potential initiators: Routine HIV testing, Six months exclusive breastfeeding, Incentives, Home visits, Location of PMTCT program, and PMTCT terminology. In all these areas, there are practical strategies that may be applied to reduce the chances of being stigmatized. These strategies are introduced and discussed. (shrink)

Nella tradizione agostiniana del XII secolo compaiono temi e linguaggi che suggeriscono la presenza, accanto al discorso teologico, di un discorso dell'uomo sull'uomo. Si analizza la figura di Maria Maddalena in alcuni autori del XII secolo e l'allegoria nuziale nei Sermones super Cantica di Bernardo di Clairvaux. La lettura viene condotta sulla base di categorie concettuali di carattere psicoanalitico, in quanto tali categorie trovano la propria origine, prima ancora che nel pensiero, nella più concreta e profonda esperienza umana. Ed è (...) proprio il collocarsi all'interno di questa viva esperienza umana che consente di cogliere in modo più diretto la dimensione antropologica che pare emergere dagli scrittori monastici di questo periodo. (shrink)

Ante las distintas maneras de entender la objetividad científica, con prevalencia del sentido empirista, que propugna una discriminación sobre la cientificidad de las distintas áreas del conocimiento, Evandro Agazzi, con su realismo científico y su concepción epistemológica abierta, configura un concepto de objetividad adecuado para todo quehacer científico y académico. Con su distinción entre objetividad en sentido débil y fuerte, Agazzi sostiene que estas formas de entender la objetividad pueden incluir y armonizar los variados horizontes epistemológicos desde los cuales es (...) posible hacer ciencia. (shrink)

Human nature has always been a foundational issue for philosophy. What does it mean to have a human nature? Is the concept the relic of a bygone age? What is the use of such a concept? What are the epistemic and ontological commitments people make when they use the concept? In What’s Left of Human Nature? Maria Kronfeldner offers a philosophical account of human nature that defends the concept against contemporary criticism. In particular, she takes on challenges related to social (...) misuse of the concept that dehumanizes those regarded as lacking human nature (the dehumanization challenge); the conflict between Darwinian thinking and essentialist concepts of human nature (the Darwinian challenge); and the consensus that evolution, heredity, and ontogenetic development results from nurture and nature. After answering each of these challenges, Kronfeldner presents a revisionist account of human nature that minimizes dehumanization and does not fall back on outdated biological ideas. Her account is post-essentialist because it eliminates the concept of an essence of being human; pluralist in that it argues that there are different things in the world that correspond to three different post-essentialist concepts of human nature; and interactive because it understands nature and nurture as interacting at the developmental, epigenetic, and evolutionary levels. On the basis of this, she introduces a dialectical concept of an ever-changing and “looping” human nature. Finally, noting the essentially contested character of the concept and the ambiguity and redundancy of the terminology, she wonders if we should simply eliminate the term “human nature” altogether. (shrink)

This chapter presents findings on a study of neuropsychological aspects of visual hallucinations with a focus on hallucinations in Parkinson's disease. The results of the study suggest that VHs in PD are a complex multifactor effect of different risk factors, primarily the dysfunctions of the visual system and the system that regulates rapid eye movement sleep and arousal. The study reported here also investigated whether the same risk factors are implicated in proneness to VHs as they are in VHs in (...) PD. The results suggest that the predisposition to VHs in the healthy young population is a multifactor effect of strikingly similar risk factors to those found in PD. However, in addition to the dysfunctions of the visual and arousal system, proneness to hallucinations in the normal population is also predicted by a specific personality profile. (shrink)

This paper revisits Donnellan’s distinction between referential and attributive uses of definite descriptions and argues that it is not exhaustive. Donnellan characterizes the distinction in terms of two criteria: the speaker’s intentions and the type of content the speaker aims to express. I argue that contrary to the common view, these two criteria are independent and that the distinctive features may be coinstantiated in more than two ways. This leaves room for nonattributive and nonreferential uses of definite descriptions. Kripke’s notions (...) of general and specific intentions provide a framework that accommodates such cases. Additionally, it proves useful for the analysis of the use of proper names with specific nonsingular intentions. The paper also discusses how the interpretation of the use of definite descriptions as attributive or referential (or neither) is sensitive to which theory of singular thoughts one adopts. (shrink)

"Dr. Montessori was par excellence the great interpreter of the child; and though she herself has passed on from the scene of her labours her work will still go on."-- Westminster Cathedral Chronicle One of the landmark books in the history of education--and one of the least expensive editions now available--this volume describes a new system for educating youngsters. Based on a radical concept of liberty for the pupil and highly formal training of separate sensory, motor, and mental capacities, the (...) system enabled youngsters to master reading, writing, and arithmetic rapidly and substantially. Included are discussions of scientific pedagogy; discipline; the importance of proper diet, gymnastics, and manual labor; and many other topics. Unabridged reprint of the classic 1912 edition. (shrink)

This paper addresses whether the often-bemoaned loss of unity of knowledge about humans, which results from the disciplinary fragmentation of science, is something to be overcome. The fragmentation of being human rests on a couple of distinctions, such as the nature-culture divide. Since antiquity the distinction between nature (roughly, what we inherit biologically) and culture (roughly, what is acquired by social interaction) has been a commonplace in science and society. Recently, the nature/culture divide has come under attack in various ways, (...) in philosophy as well as in cultural anthropology. Regarding the latter, for instance, the divide was quintessential in its beginnings as an academic dis-cipline, when Alfred L. Kroeber, one of the first professional anthropologists in the US, rallied for (what I call) the right to ignore—in his case, human nature—by adopting a separationist epistemic stance. A separationist stance will be understood as an epistemic research heuristic that defends the right to ignore a specif-ic phenomenon (e.g., human nature) or a specific causal factor in an explanation typical for a disciplinary field. I will use Kroeber’s case as an example for making a general point against a bias towards integration (synthesis bias, as I call it) that is exemplified, for instance, by defenders of evolutionary psychology. I will claim that, in principle, a separationist stance is as good as an integrationist stance since both can be equally fruitful. With this argument from fruitful sepa-ration in place, not just the separationist stance but also the nature/culture di-vide can be defended against its critics. (shrink)

This paper reflects on the notion and structural components of two concepts: the human condition and human nature. Likewise, it is proposed that both concepts should be included in the basic themes not only in the field of Educational Philosophy, but also in all disciplines where the human being occupies a privileged place. Human condition is understood as a state of subjection to everything with which human beings interact and represents the starting point to ascend to three natures that correspond (...) to human beings. Hegel emphasizes two natures of man. The first is characterized by having a biological structure governed by instincts. The second is culture and to ascend to it requires processes of intellection that can be objectified through consciousness. The third human nature proposed in this paper is rooted in Ernst Bloch’s principle of hope. It is materialized by human actions tending to the construction of the future from the discovery of what is not-yet-conscious that, when identified, is achieved through actions. (shrink)

‘Futility’ is a contentious term that has eluded clear definition, with proposed descriptions either too strict or too vague to encompass the many facets of medical care. Requests for futile care are often surrogates for requests of a more existential character, covering the whole range of personal, emotional, cultural and spiritual needs. Physicians and other practitioners can use requests for futile care as a valuable opportunity to connect with their patients at a deeper level than the mere biomedical diagnosis. Current (...) debate around Canada’s changing regulatory and legal framework highlights challenges in appropriately balancing the benefits and burdens created by requests for futile care. (shrink)

This paper argues that indexical reference is a species of discourse reference, just like anaphora. Both varieties of discourse reference involve not only context dependence, but also context change. The act of speaking up focuses attention and thereby makes this very speech event available for discourse reference by indexicals. Mentioning something likewise focuses attention, making the mentioned entity available for subsequent discourse reference by anaphors. Empirical evidence is presented from grammatical centering in Kalaallisut and "shifty indexicals" in Slave attitude reports.

It seems natural to think that there are aesthetic reasons for action and that an artist must be guided by such reasons as he or she begins work on the canvas or poem or symphony or marble. This latter supposition seems at odds, however, not only with classical inspiration theory but also with the views of one of the last century’s most important philosophers of art, R. G. Collingwood. We propose an account of acting for an aesthetic reason inspired by (...) G. E. M. Anscombe’s Intention, specifically by her concept of ‘practical knowledge’, which we believe can accommodate Collingwood’s reservations about the sort of knowledge of their ends, and of the means to those ends, which artists have as they engage in their creative activity. (shrink)

Julián Marías (1914-2005) è un pensatore ancora poco conosciuto al lettore italiano, spesso oscurato dall’ombra del suo celebre maestro, José Ortega y Gasset. Filosofo indipendente e coraggioso, offre una proposta più coerente rispetto a Ortega sul tema essenziale comune a entrambi: il poter “dare ragione” della vita evitando gli opposti scogli del razionalismo e del vitalismo. “Dare ragione” della vita significa comprenderla nella sua “condizione morale” che trova espressione nel desiderio di felicità, nell’esigenza di amore e di amicizia, nei differenti (...) vissuti di ciascuna età. Significa riconoscerne la dimensione elettiva: vivere è preferire, saper fornire ragioni per l’opzione di qualcosa rispetto a qualcos’altro. Per questo motivo, più che alla categoria del bene, l’attenzione è rivolta a quella del meglio, fondamentale per comprendere il senso pieno delle proprie scelte e dell’intera trama della propria biografia. (shrink)