70 found
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  1. Species of Mind: The Philosophy and Biology of Cognitive Ethology.Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff (eds.) - 1997 - MIT Press.
    The heart of this book is the reciprocal relationship between philosophical theories of mind and empirical studies of animal cognition.
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  2.  44
    Wild Justice: The Moral Lives of Animals.Marc Bekoff & Jessica Pierce - 2009 - University of Chicago Press.
    Scientists have long counseled against interpreting animal behavior in terms of human emotions, warning that such anthropomorphizing limits our ability to understand animals as they really are. Yet what are we to make of a female gorilla in a German zoo who spent days mourning the death of her baby? Or a wild female elephant who cared for a younger one after she was injured by a rambunctious teenage male? Or a rat who refused to push a lever for food (...)
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  3.  20
    Nature’s Purposes: Analyses of Function and Design in Biology.Colin Allen, Marc Bekoff & George V. Lauder (eds.) - 1997 - Cambridge: The MIT Press.
    This volume provides a guide to the discussion among biologists and philosophersabout the role of concepts such as function and design in an evolutionary understanding oflife.
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  4. The Cognitive Animal: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives on Animal Cognition.Marc Bekoff, Colin Allen & Gordon M. Burghardt (eds.) - 2002 - MIT Press.
    The fifty-seven original essays in this book provide a comprehensive overview of the interdisciplinary field of animal cognition.
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  5. Biological function, adaptation, and natural design.Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff - 1995 - Philosophy of Science 62 (4):609-622.
    Recently something close to a consensus about the best way to naturalize the notion of biological function appears to be emerging. Nonetheless, teleological notions in biology remain controversial. In this paper we provide a naturalistic analysis for the notion of natural design. Many authors assume that natural design should be assimilated directly to function. Others find the notion problematic because it suggests that evolution is a directed process. We argue that both of these views are mistaken. Our naturalistic account does (...)
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  6.  23
    The communication of play intention: Are play signals functional?Marc Bekoff - 1975 - Semiotica 15 (3).
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  7.  36
    Birdsong and the “problem” of nature and nurture: Endless chirping about inadequate evidence or merely singing the blues about inevitable biases in, and limitations of, human inference?Marc Bekoff - 1988 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11 (4):631-631.
  8.  65
    Reflective Ethology, Applied Philosophy, and the Moral Status of Animals.Marc Bekoff & Dale Jamieson - manuscript
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  9.  69
    Cognitive ethology: Slayers, skeptics, and proponents.Marc Bekoff & Colin Allen - 1997 - In Robert W. Mitchell, Nicholas S. Thompson & H. Lyn Miles (eds.), Anthropomorphism, Anecdotes, and Animals. SUNY Press. pp. 313--334.
  10.  98
    Readings in Animal Cognition.Marc Bekoff & Dale Jamieson (eds.) - 1996 - MIT Press.
    This collection of 24 readings is the first comprehensive treatment of important topics by leading figures in the rapidly growing interdisciplinary field of...
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  11. Animal Minds, Cognitive Ethology, and Ethics.Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff - 2007 - The Journal of Ethics 11 (3):299-317.
    Our goal in this paper is to provide enough of an account of the origins of cognitive ethology and the controversy surrounding it to help ethicists to gauge for themselves how to balance skepticism and credulity about animal minds when communicating with scientists. We believe that ethicists’ arguments would benefit from better understanding of the historical roots of ongoing controversies. It is not appropriate to treat some widely reported results in animal cognition as if their interpretations are a matter of (...)
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  12. Animal play and the evolution of morality: An ethological approach.Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff - 2005 - Topoi 24 (2):125-135.
    In this paper we argue that there is much to learn about “wild justice” and the evolutionary origins of morality – behaving fairly – by studying social play behavior in group-living mammals. Because of its relatively wide distribution among the mammals, ethological investigation of play, informed by interdisciplinary cooperation, can provide a comparative perspective on the evolution of ethical behavior that is broader than is provided by the usual focus on primate sociality. Careful analysis of social play reveals rules of (...)
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  13.  69
    (1 other version)On aims and methods of cognitive ethology.Dale Jamieson & Marc Bekoff - 1992 - Philosophy of Science Association 1992:110-124.
    In 1963 Niko Tinbergen published a paper, "On Aims and Methods of Ethology," dedicated to his friend Konrad Lorenz. Here Tinbergen defines ethology as "the biological study of behavior," and seeks to demonstrate "the close affinity between Ethology and the rest of Biology." Tinbergen identifies four major areas of ethology: causation, survival value, evolution, and ontogeny. Our goal is to attempt for cognitive ethology what Tinbergen succeeded in doing for ethology: to clarify its aims and methods, to distinguish some of (...)
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  14.  65
    Social play behaviour. Cooperation, fairness, trust, and the evolution of morality.Marc Bekoff - 2001 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 8 (2):81-90.
    Here I briefly discuss some comparative data on social play behaviour in hope of broadening the array of species in which researchers attempt to study animal morality. I am specifically concerned with the notion of ‘behaving fairly'. In the term ‘behaving fairly’ I use as a working guide the notion that animals often have social expectations when they engage in various sorts of social encounters the violation of which constitutes being treated unfairly because of a lapse in social etiquette. I (...)
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  15. Animal passions and beastly virtues: Cognitive ethology as the unifying science for understanding the subjective, emotional, empathic, and moral lives of animals.Marc Bekoff - 2006 - Zygon 41 (1):71-104.
  16. Compassion as a Practical and Evolved Ethic for Conservation.Marc Bekoff & Daniel Ramp - 2016 - In Bernice Bovenkerk & Jozef Keulartz (eds.), Animal Ethics in the Age of Humans: Blurring Boundaries in Human-Animal Relationships. Cham: Springer.
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  17.  33
    Encyclopedia of animal rights and animal welfare.Marc Bekoff & Carron A. Meaney (eds.) - 1998 - Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
    Whether writing for a term paper, looking up organizations involving animal rights, or researching information as an animal lover, this is a resource chock full of information on animal rights and welfare. Coverage of issues, controversies, significant historical figures, and ideologies related to the treatment of animals are comprehensive. The essays cover a wide spectrum from the founding of the ASPCA and trapping, to religion and animals. The directory of organizations serves practical purposes, such as where to obtain a three-dimensional (...)
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  18.  8
    Animal Passions and Beastly Virtues: Reflections on Redecorating Nature.Marc Bekoff (ed.) - 2006 - Temple University Press.
    Who hasn't wondered what it's like to be a dog or bird? Such questions seem unanswerable because we have no way of getting into an animal's mind. Marc Bekoff's work on animal behavior and mind draws world-wide attention for its originality and its probing into what animals might know as well as what skills are needed to live life successfully as a member of a particular species. Convinced that individuals of every species have some level of self-awareness, Bekoff embarks on (...)
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  19.  36
    Afterward: Ethics and the study of animal cognition.Dale Jamieson & Marc Bekoff - 1996 - In Dale Jamieson & Marc Bekoff (eds.), Readings in Animal Cognition. MIT Press. pp. 359--71.
  20. Cognitive ethology and the intentionality of animal behavior.Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff - 1995 - Mind and Language 10 (4):313-328.
    Cognitive ethologists are in need of a good theoretical framework for attributing intentional states. Heyes and Dickinson (1990) present criteria that they claim are necessary for an intentional explanation of behavior to be justified. They suggest that questions of intentionality can only be investigated under controlled laboratory conditions and they apply their criteria to laboratory experiments to argue that the common behavior of approaching food is not intentional in most animals. We dispute the details of their argument and interpretation of (...)
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  21.  14
    The animals' agenda: freedom, compassion, and coexistence in the human age.Marc Bekoff - 2017 - Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press. Edited by Jessica Pierce.
    Freedom and compassion in the anthropocene -- Can science save animals? -- Who we eat -- Fat rats and lab cats -- Charismatic, caged, and occasionally crazy: zooed animals -- Captive and companion -- Born to be wild? -- Coexistence in the anthropocene and beyond: compassion and justice for all.
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  22.  25
    Ethics and the study of carnivores: Doing science while respecting animals.Marc Bekoff & Dale Jamieson - 2006 - In Animal Passions and Beastly Virtues: Reflections on Redecorating Nature. Temple University Press. pp. 232-261.
    The human relationship to nature is a deeply ambiguous one. Human animals are both a part of nature and distinct from it. They are part of nature in the sense that, like other forms of life, they were brought into existence by natural processes, and, like other forms of life, they are dependent on their environment for survival and success. Yet humans are also reflective animals with sophisticated cultural systems. Because of their immense power and their ability to wield it (...)
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  23. Intentionality, social play, and definition.Colin Allen & Marc Bekoff - 1994 - Biology and Philosophy 9 (1):63-74.
    Social play is naturally characterized in intentional terms. An evolutionary account of social play could help scientists to understand the evolution of cognition and intentionality. Alexander Rosenberg (1990) has argued that if play is characterized intentionally or functionally, it is not a behavioral phenotype suitable for evolutionary explanation. If he is right, his arguments would threaten many projects in cognitive ethology. We argue that Rosenberg's arguments are unsound and that intentionally and functionally characterized phenotypes are a proper domain for ethological (...)
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  24. Carruthers on nonconscious experience.Dale W. Jamieson & Marc Bekoff - 1992 - Analysis 52 (1):23-28.
  25. Animals matter: a biologist explains why we should treat animals with compassion and respect.Marc Bekoff - 2007 - [New York]: Distributed in the United States by Random House. Edited by Marc Bekoff.
    Bekoff urges us not only to understand and protect animals—especially those whose help we want for our research and other human needs—but to love and ...
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  26. (1 other version)Considering animals--not higher primates.Marc Bekoff - 2003 - Zygon 38 (2):229-245.
    In this essay I argue that many nonhuman animal beings are conscious and have some sense of self. Rather than ask whether they are conscious, I adopt an evolutionary perspective and ask why consciousness and a sense of self evolved—what are they good for? Comparative studies of animal cognition, ethological investigations that explore what it is like to be a certain animal, are useful for answering this question. Charles Darwin argued that the differences in cognitive abilities and emotions among animals (...)
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  27.  77
    Minding Animals, Minding Earth: Old Brains, New Bottlenecks.Marc Bekoff - 2003 - Zygon 38 (4):911-941.
    . I emphasize the importance of broadening behavioral, ecological, and conservation science into a more integrative, interdisciplinary, socially responsible, compassionate, spiritual, and holistic endeavor. I stress the significance of studies of animal behavior, especially ethological research concerned with animal emotions in which individuals are named and recognized for their own personalities, for helping us to learn not only about the nonhuman animal beings with whom we share Earth but also about who we are and our place in nature. We are (...)
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  28.  24
    What Is a "Scale of Life?".Marc Bekoff - 1992 - Environmental Values 1 (3):253 - 256.
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  29.  49
    The animal's point of view, animal welfare and some other related matters.Marc Bekoff - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (4):753-755.
  30. Encyclopedia of animal rights and animal welfare.Joy A. Mench & Marc Bekoff - 1998 - In Marc Bekoff & Carron A. Meaney (eds.), Encyclopedia of animal rights and animal welfare. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
     
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  31.  12
    Collecting birds: the importance of moral debate.Marc Bekoff & Andrzej Elzanowski - 1997 - Bird Conservation International 7 (4):357-361.
    In a recent article in this journal, Remsen attacked moral objections to killing birds for museum collections, objections that are frequently raised by the general public and scientific community alike. The only grounds for moral objections against killing birds that Remsen considers and rejects are reverence for all life or personal, that is sentimental reasons. What Remsen ignores is avian sentience and the moral imperative of respecting it.
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  32.  50
    Description and explanation: A plea for plurality.Marc Bekoff - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (2):269-270.
  33.  72
    Empathy: Common sense, science sense, wolves, and well-being.Marc Bekoff - 2001 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25 (1):26-27.
    Empathy is likely more widely distributed among animals than many researchers realize or perhaps are willing to admit. Studies of social carnivores, other group-living animals, and communication via different modalities will help us learn more about the evolutionary roots and behavioral, sensory, and cognitive underpinnings of empathy, including what it means to have a sense of self. There are also important implications for debates about animal well-being.
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  34.  11
    Redecorating Nature: Reflections on Science, Holism, Community, Humility, Reconciliation, Spirit, Compassion, and Love.Marc Bekoff - 2000 - Human Ecology Review 7 (1):59-67.
    Numerous humans - in my opinion, far too many - continue to live apart from nature, rather than as a part of nature. In this personal essay I discuss various aspects of traditional science and suggest that holistic and heart-driven compassionate science needs to replace reductionist and impersonal science. I argue that creative proactive solutions drenched in deep caring, respect, and love for the universe need to be developed to deal with the broad range of problems with which we are (...)
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  35.  38
    The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: On Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love.Marc Bekoff - 2001 - Zygon 36 (4):615-655.
    My essay first takes me into the arena in which science, spirituality, and theology meet. I comment on the enterprise of science and how scientists could well benefit from reciprocal interactions with theologians and religious leaders. Next, I discuss the evolution of social morality and the ways in which various aspects of social play behavior relate to the notion of “behaving fairly.” The contributions of spiritual and religious perspectives are important in our coming to a fuller understanding of the evolution (...)
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  36.  55
    A Cross-Species Comparative Approach to Positive Emotion Disturbance.June Gruber & Marc Bekoff - 2017 - Emotion Review 9 (1):72-78.
    Recent discoveries stress the importance of studying positive emotion disturbances (PED) yet there remains little empirical work or integrative conceptual framework in this domain. We suggest that an ideally suited opportunity to advance the study of PED is to consider a cross-species evolutionary framework. We apply this framework—drawing from principles of stabilizing selection—to recent empirical findings in humans and nonhumans suggesting how positive emotion and associated play behaviors may lead to detrimental outcomes. This cross-species approach suggests a potential paradigm shift (...)
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  37.  11
    Viewpoint.Marc Bekoff - 2003 - Environmental Values 12 (1):1-2.
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  38.  20
    Rewilding our hearts: building pathways of compassion and coexistence.Marc Bekoff - 2014 - Novato, California: New World Library.
    In wildlife conservation work, rewilding - to make wild once again - refers to the creation of corridors between preserved lands that allow declining populations to rebound. Marc Bekoff, one of our most engaging animal experts and activists, here applies the concept to human attitudes. He argues that unless we rewild ourselves, becoming profoundly reconnected to nature and fundamentally shifting our consciousness, our conservation efforts will have but limited impact. Bekoff shows that when we make the effort to not just (...)
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  39.  39
    But is it research? What price interdisciplinary interests?Marc Bekoff - 1994 - Biology and Philosophy 9 (2):249-252.
  40. The other side of silence: Rachel Carson's views of animals.Marc Bekoff & Jan Nystrom - 2004 - Zygon 39 (4):861-884.
  41.  56
    Social play is more than a Pavlovian romp.Marc Bekoff & Colin Allen - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (2):250-251.
    Some aspects of play may be explained by Pavlovian learning processes, but others are not so easily handled. Especially when there is a chance that specific actions can be misinterpreted; animals alter their behavior to reduce the likelihood that this will occur. The flexibility and fine-tuning of play make it an ideal candidate for comparative and evolutionary cognitive studies.
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  42.  14
    Cognitive Ethology.Marc Bekoff - 1998 - In George Graham & William Bechtel (eds.), A Companion to Cognitive Science. Blackwell. pp. 371–379.
    Cognitive ethology is the comparative, evolutionary, and ecological study of nonhuman animal (hereafter animal) minds, including thought processes, beliefs, rationality, information processing, and consciousness. It is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field of science that is attracting much attention from researchers in numerous, diverse disciplines, including those interested in animal welfare. Cognitive ethology can trace its beginnings to the writings of Charles Darwin, an anecdotal cognitivist, and some of his contemporaries and disciples. Their approach incorporated appeals to evolutionary theory, interests in (...)
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  43.  53
    (3 other versions)Index to Volume 38.Ghulam-Haider Aasi, John R. Albright, Marc Bekoff, Sjoerd L. Bonting, C. Mackenzie Brown, Don Browning, Frank E. Budenholzer, Michael Cavanaugh, Lawrence Cohen & Donald A. Crosby - 2003 - Zygon 38 (4):995-1000.
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  44.  12
    Action in Cognitive Ethology.Marc Bekoff - 2010 - In Timothy O'Connor & Constantine Sandis (eds.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Action. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 393–400.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Antipredatory Behavior in Western Evening Grosbeaks and its Relevance to Action Theory Social Play Behavior and Action Theory References Further reading.
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  45.  11
    Animals, Nature, and Ethics.Marc Bekoff & Ned Hettinger - 1994 - Journal of Mammalogy 75 (1):219-223.
    Recently, Howard argued for the defensibility of research on nonhuman animals. Unfortunately, his essay is unnecessarily combative, lacking in detail, unbalanced, and poorly argued. Howard unfairly and mistakenly stereotypes as biologically naive anyone who rejects his position that nature's poor treatment of wild animals justifies animal research. Those interested in the morality of animal research deserve better guidance than what Howard provides. Here, we analyze Howard's claims and their implications, present relevant literature on ethics and animals, and conclude that much (...)
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  46. Animal welfare and individual characteristics: A conversation against speciesism.Marc Bekoff & Lofe Gruen - 1993 - Ethics and Behavior 3 (2):163 – 175.
    It seems impossible for a human being not to have some point of view concerning nonhuman animal (hereafter animal) welfare. Many people make decisions about how humans are permitted to treat animals using speciesist criteria, basing their decisions on an individual's species membership rather than on that animal's individual characteristics. Although speciesism provides a convenient way for making difficult decisions about who should be used in different types of research, we argue that such decisions should rely on an analysis of (...)
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  47.  32
    Beyond monkey minds: Toward a richer cognitive ethology.Marc Bekoff, Susan E. Townsend & Dale Jamieson - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (3):571-572.
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  48. Common sense, cognitive ethology and evolution.Marc Bekoff - 1993 - In Peter Singer & Paola Cavalieri (eds.), The Great Ape Project. St. Martin's Griffin. pp. 102--108.
     
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  49. Deep Ethology.Marc Bekoff - unknown
     
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  50.  18
    Functional aspects of play as revealed by structural components and social interaction patterns.Marc Bekoff - 1982 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5 (1):156-157.
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