Las relaciones entre la fe y la razón afectan a realidades que son esenciales para el ser humano: la existencia de Dios, el origen y fin de las personas, la vida en el más allá, la realidad del mal, el significado de la ciencia, etc. Por eso, el vínculo entre fe y razón se presenta como una encrucijada de la que depende la orientación de la propia vida. De ahí la importancia de dilucidar esas relaciones, que es el objetivo de (...) este libro; en primer lugar, mostrando que quienes se apoyan en la ciencia, o en otros ámbitos de la razón, para refutar la fe, no se basan en la razón humana, ni en la ciencia como tal, sino en el cientificismo o en un error racional. Pero también, evidenciando la complementariedad entre fe y razón, como señalaba el Card. Ratzinger: La razón no se salvará sin la fe, pero la fe sin la razón no será humana (Sobre la situación actual de la Fe y la teología). (shrink)

v. 1. A-C -- v. 2. D-F -- v. 3. G-N -- v. 4. O-R -- v. 5. S-Z i apéndix.

The microbiota-gut-brain axis field is at an exciting stage, but the most recent developments in microbiota research still have to find their way into MGB studies. Here we outline the standards for microbiome data generation, the appropriate statistical techniques, and the covariates that should be included in MGB studies to optimize discovery and translation to clinical applications.

El artículo presenta una aproximación a la transición educativa, laboral, domiciliar y familiar de las personas jóvenes desde la perspectiva de género. El objetivo es analizar hasta qué punto la mejora del nivel educativo introduce transformaciones en el carácter tradicionalmente sexuado de las transiciones hacia la vida adulta. El análisis parte del conjunto de factores estructurales que pueden condicionar las transiciones juveniles, si bien atribuye una influencia central a la etapa del ciclo vital. A partir de los datos de la (...) Enquesta a la Juventud de Catalunya 2012, se concluye que el efecto ciclo vital limita el efecto generacional en la transformación de las relaciones de género entre la población joven.This paper focuses on educational, employment, housing and family transitions of young people from the gender perspective. The aim is to analyze how the educational system introduces changes in the traditional gendered transitions to adulthood. For this purpose, it takes into account structural factors with special attention to the life cycle. Based on data from the Enquesta a la joventud de Catalunya 2012, the results show that the effect of life cycle limits the effect of the generation in order to change the gender relations between young people. (shrink)

CASADO, María, LÓPEZ BARONI, Manuel Jesús (coords.): El Convenio de Oviedo cumple 20 años. Propuestas para su modificación.

A long-standing theme in discussion of perception and thought has been that our primary cognitive contact with individual objects and events in the world derives from our perceptual contact with them. When I look at a duck in front of me, I am not merely presented with the fact that there is at least one duck in the area, rather I seem to be presented withthisthing (as one might put it from my perspective) in front of me, which looks to (...) me to be a duck. Furthermore, such a perception would seem to put me in a position not merely to make the existential judgment that there is some duck or other present, but rather to make a singular, demonstrative judgment, that that is a duck. My grounds for an existential judgment in this case derives from my apprehension of the demonstrative thought and not vice versa. (shrink)

The utopian energy of the liberal social-democratic state, which is unable to answer the great questions of today's world, is now spent. The way forward will involve a struggle, not against the institutions, but for the emergence of a new rationality, corresponding not only to a new organisation of society, but also to a strategic and multidimensional concept of class.

El escrito intenta desarrollar el papel que jugaría el sentimiento en la fundamentalidad en Zubiri, lo que se expresa en diversas actitudes ante el problema de Dios. Proponemos que el sentimiento permite, por una parte, dirigir la creación de diversas posibilidades de realización a través de juicios de valor. Dirige, en cierto modo, la búsqueda de estas diversas actitudes. Por otra parte, permite la «probación» o experiencia de los esbozos de esas actitudes. Por ejemplo, la experiencia negativa de una determinada (...) concepción de Dios es condicionada no sólo por aspectos intelectivos sino de sentimiento. Damos algunos ejemplos de ello sacados de la vida de algunos filósofos. (shrink)

This book defends antitheodicism, arguing that theodicies, seeking to excuse God for evil and suffering in the world, fail to ethically acknowledge the victims of suffering. The authors argue for this view using literary and philosophical resources, commencing with Immanuel Kant's 1791 "Theodicy Essay" and its reading of the Book of Job. Three important twentieth century antitheodicist positions are explored, including "Jewish" post-Holocaust ethical antitheodicism, Wittgensteinian antitheodicism exemplified by D.Z. Phillips and pragmatist antitheodicism defended by William James. The authors argue (...) that these approaches to evil and suffering are fundamentally Kantian. Literary works such as Franz Kafka'sThe Trial, Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot, and George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, are examined in order to crucially advance the philosophical case for antitheodicism. (shrink)

Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence deals with the history of temporal logic as well as the crucial systematic questions within the field. The book studies the rich contributions from ancient and medieval philosophy up to the downfall of temporal logic in the Renaissance. The modern rediscovery of the subject, which is especially due to the work of A. N. Prior, is described, leading into a thorough discussion of the use of temporal logic in computer science and the (...) understanding of natural language. Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence thus interweaves linguistic, philosophical and computational aspects into an informative and inspiring whole. (shrink)

Con el fin de desentrañar el papel que las más actuales corrientes filosóficas desempeñan en la educación, los autores de este libro parten de un crítico análisis de los acontecimientos de mayo del 68.Se intuyen dos vías de intervención de la filosofía sobre el pensamiento y la práctica educativa: por un lado, la tendencia anti constructivista a los discursos posmodernos, sistémicos y tecnológicos ; por otro, la persistencia del humanismo asentado ahora en el intento de prolongar la modernidad" y en (...) nuevas perspectivas tales como el pacifismo y el ecologismo. (shrink)

In his last book, David Armstrong sets out his metaphysical system in a set of concise and lively chapters each dealing with one aspect of the world. He begins with the assumption that all that exists is the physical world of space-time. On this foundation he constructs a coherent metaphysical scheme that gives plausible answers to many of the great problems of metaphysics. He gives accounts of properties, relations, and particulars; laws of nature; modality; abstract objects such as numbers; and (...) time and mind. (shrink)

This study aimed to investigate whether the ordinal judgments of high math-anxious and low math-anxious individuals differ. Two groups of 20 participants with extreme scores on the Shortened Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale had to decide whether a triplet of numbers was presented in ascending order. Triplets could contain one-digit or two-digit numbers and be formed by consecutive numbers, numbers with a constant distance of two or three or numbers with variable distances between them. All these triplets were also presented unordered: (...) sequence order in these trials could be broken at the second or third number. A reverse distance effect of equal size was found in both anxiety groups. However, HMA participants made more judgment errors than their LMA peers when they judged one-digit counting ordered triplets. This effect was related to worse performance of HMA individuals on a symmetry span test and might be related to group differences on working memory. Importantly, HMAs were less accurate than LMA participants at rejecting unordered D2 sequences. This result is interpreted in terms of worse cognitive flexibility in HMA individuals. (shrink)

Is consciousness a purely physical phenomenon? Most contemporary philosophers and theorists hold that it is, and take this to be supported by modern science. But a significant minority endorse non-physicalist theories such as dualism, idealism and panpsychism, among other reasons because it may seem impossible to fully explain consciousness, or capture what it's like to be in conscious states (such as seeing red, or being in pain), in physical terms. This Element will introduce the main non-physicalist theories of consciousness and (...) explain the most important arguments for them, and consider how they each respond to the scientific and other arguments in support of physicalism. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core. (shrink)