Implications of algorithmic mediation can be studied through the artefact itself, peoples’ practices, and the social/political/economical arrangements that affect and are affected by such interactions. Most studies in Academic social media (ASM) focus on one of these elements at a time, either examining design elements or the users’ behaviour on and perceptions of such platforms. We take a multi-faceted approach using affordances as a lens to analyze practices and arrangements traversed by algorithmic mediation. Following our earlier studies that examined the (...) artefact, this study’s aim is to understand how algorithmic mediation in ASM may shape researchers’ perceptions. We conducted online in-depth interviews with show and tell (n = 11) with ASM users from four countries, about their use of ASM. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and the codes were clustered in themes and validated via peer debriefing process. Four themes—related to exposure to content, visibility, ethical or legal infringements, and engagement—are discussed considering implications of datafication and findability. We conclude that algorithmic mediation constructs a narration of the relevant other in ASM, configuring the other as participatory and productive. (shrink)

Professores são acometidos por depressão acima da média populacional. Este estudo buscou identificar quais fatores do contexto trabalho e vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho são preditivos de depressão em professores do ensino privado do Rio Grande do Sul. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa explicativa com uma amostra de 197 professores com sintomas de depressão de todos os níveis de ensino privado. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Indicadores de Prazer e Sofrimento no Trabalho, a Escala de Avaliação do (...) Contexto de Trabalho e o Inventário Beck de Depressão. A coleta de dados foi realizada, inicialmente, online e depois por Correio. Foi realizada análise de regressão linear por método stepwise. Como resultados, identificou-se que as variáveis preditoras de depressão foram: esgotamento emocional e realização socioprofissional. Considerou-se que as vivências de frustração, insegurança e estresse contribuem diretamente para a falta de identificação e de orgulho pelo trabalho docente. (shrink)

In the final pages of Chapter V of Afro-Brazilian Religions Roger Bastide sees, at a given moment in the socio-religious evolution of Brazil, a process of social disorganization which in its extent affects not only blacks but also poor white nationals and stranded immigrants.* As generator of a “ social marginalization,” this process could only be the passage through “a moment of transition” characterized by “the exaggerated speed of change in the country.” According to Bastide, an “organic period” follows: with (...) the “proletarization of the blacks, the assimilation of the immigrants, the general rise in the standard of living of the masses, other phenomena of cultural and social reintegration will appear.” On the religious level the “spiritism of umbanda“ is the expression of this new phase. (shrink)

I have been trying to understand the moral aspect of human nature for several decades. Several years ago, after publishing The Origins of Morality, an editor from Oxford Press suggested that I write up the theory and research I reviewed in this academic book in a manner that would be accessible to people with relatively little background knowledge in the area. A few years later, I launched this project, which ended up in this book. In it, I trace the grown (...) of my understanding of morality. (shrink)

I have been trying to understand the moral aspect of human nature for several decades. Several years ago, after publishing The Origins of Morality, an editor from Oxford Press suggested that I write up the theory and research I reviewed in this academic book in a manner that would be accessible to people with relatively little background knowledge in the area. A few years later, I launched this project, which ended up in this book. In it, I trace the grown (...) of my understanding of morality. (shrink)

English summary: What minimal philosophical requirements must be considered in order to be able to arrive at an ontologically and epistemologically realist position, with which one is finally able to speak about something like objective empirical knowledge or even an objective science? On the basis of Schopenhauers antinomy of human cognition, and through an introduction and analysis of his philosophical system based on his chief work The World as Will and Representation, a philosophical path is pointed out in this work, (...) which presents the possibility that such an ontologically and epistemologically realist position can be created in the form of an evolutionary realism and representationism, so that one is able to argue under exact systemic requirements for the existence of objective empirical knowledge and with it, finally arrive at an objective science. German description: Welche philosophischen Minimalvoraussetzungen muss man in Betracht ziehen, um zu einer ontologisch- und epistemologisch-realistischen Position gelangen zu konnen, mit der man letztendlich von so etwas wie objektivem empirischem Wissen oder gar von objektiver Wissenschaft sprechen kann? Ausgehend von Schopenhauers Antinomie des menschlichen Erkenntnisvermogens wird durch eine Einfuhrung und Analyse seines philosophischen Systems anhand seines Hauptwerks "Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung" ein philosophischer Weg aufgezeigt, der die Moglichkeit darlegt, eine derartige ontologisch- und epistemologisch-realistische Position in Form eines evolutionaren Realismus und Reprasentationismus so ausformulieren zu konnen, dass man damit unter bestimmten Systemvoraussetzungen fur die Existenz von objektivem empirischem Wissen und damit letztendlich fur eine objektive Wissenschaft argumentieren kann. (shrink)

Die irreführende technologische Metapher der Informationsübertragung impliziert paradoxerweise uninformative Information. Dem steht jener Informationsbegriff gegenüber, der mit Wissen und Verstehen assoziiert ist. Informativ wird etwas nicht wegen etwas Übertragenem, sondern in Relation zu Interessen und Befähigungen verstehender Wesen. Jakob Krebs zeigt, dass ein aufgeklärtes Selbstverständnis der Informationsgesellschaft somit einer genaueren Bestimmung von Informativität bedarf. Die ist nicht nur philosophisch aufschlussreich, sondern auch für alle Praktiken des Kommunizierens, Lernens und Lehrens. Denn Information lässt sich genauso wenig übertragen wie sich eine (...) Grippe ausschwitzen lässt. (shrink)

En este artículo se trata de investigar qué tipo de relación conceptual es posible determinar entre la noción de poder y la noción de libertad en los últimos trabajos Michel Foucault. La propuesta es mostrar que determinados textos de Foucault permiten establecer un vínculo especulativo entre ambos términos, entendiendo por ello que éstos sólo tienen lugar en su mutua interrelación y no existen fuera de ella. Esto supone, a su vez, señalar las limitaciones de aquellas interpretaciones que o bien se (...) centran en la noción de poder o bien en la noción de libertad. Mientras que las primeras desembocan en una lectura demasiado unilateral de la noción de poder, las segundas, en cambio, desatienden las posibilidades políticas que se desprenden del concepto de libertad. Por tanto, una lectura especulativa que atienda a ambas nociones a la vez puede ser capaz de abrir una vía de problematización a explorar. (shrink)

1. The fact that Brazil, land of parrots and coffee, is also, by antonomasia, that of cannibals, is a commonplace that we find in the writings of foreigners and natives from the early years of the conquest up until our era of advanced civilization, at the level of anthropological reality (we should like to say anthropophagic) and at that of metaphor. As though, forgetful of the general accusation of anthropophagy launched by the first explorers against the various indigenous peoples of (...) America, beginning with the Caribs/Cannibals of Columbus, the colonizing and evangelizing Old World wanted to transfer to Vera Cruz and its inhabitants the exclusive rights to these “savage customs of a people without justice and law” that the first Western ethnographer, Herodotus, had attributed, in the Eurasia of his time, to the peoples of the Far North, at the other side of the extensive desert lying beyond the land of the Scythians—those who were called the Androphagi. And as if, of all the peoples and communities accused, in various latitudes and epochs of history, of having anthropophagic practices, the Brazilians were the only ones to not just defend themselves against the infamous accusation but to flaunt it as a symbol of their autonomy and originality when confronted with the menace of religious and cultural colonization. (shrink)

The remarks which follow arise from the daily and simultaneous consulting of two literatures and, in a larger sense, of two cultures, Portuguese and Brazilian, both expressed in the same language, Portuguese. They also arise from an attempt to describe and define by categories which are “internal” to literature the differences which exist between the two bodies of writing under discussion. But they are equally inspired by a desire to isolate in the corpus of the texts which conventionally constitute a (...) national literature those thematic and stylistic recurrences which may serve as starting points for an attempt at formalization. (shrink)

Este trabajo analiza las imágenes del espacio patagónico que pone a rodar la novela La costurera y el viento (1994) de César Aira, así como los procedimientos discursivos con que se construyen dichas imágenes. El libro exhibe a la Patagonia como un cuerpo textual y textualizado complejo, a través del cual se problematiza la construcción literaria de la región, como zona liminal profusa en ficciones de identidades. Desde una ostensible performatividad narrativa, la novela conjuga la invención del espacio con la (...) frecuente referencia a una cartografía histórica y literaria que se actualiza en una dispersión de afiliaciones intertextuales. This work analyzes the images of the Patagonian space putted on display in the novel La costurera y el viento (1994) by César Aira, as well as the discursive procedures with which these images are constructed. The book exhibits the Patagonia as a textual and textualized corpus complex, through which the literary construction of the region, as a liminal zone profuse in fictions of identities, is problematized. From an ostensible narrative performativity, the novel combines the invention of the space and the frequent reference to a historical and literary cartography updated in a dispersion of intertextual affiliations. (shrink)

This paper reconstructs Van Parijs’ core argument for an unconditional basic income and presents three objections against it. The first and most theoretical objection attacks the egalitarian basis of Van Parijs’ argument and suggests an alternative, humanitarian theory of justice. The second and third more concrete objections accuse Van Parijs of selling-out the right to work as well as the right to recognition of work, for example of family work. The conclusion drawn from these three objections, however, is not that (...) an unconditional basic income cannot be defended. Instead the paper ends by indicating an alternative, humanitarian argument for an unconditional basic income. (shrink)

Astract Sex investigates the impact of advances in contemporary science and information technology on conceptions of sex. Evolutionary theory and the technologies of viral information transfer, cloning and genetic engineering are changing the way we think about human sex, reproduction and the communication of genetic information. Abstract Sex presents a philosophical exploration of this new world of sexual, informatic and capitalist multiplicity, of the accelerated mutation of nature and culture.

RESUMO Este artigo pretende analisar o tópico das "Duas Verdades" na história do pensamento budista. Seu objetivo consiste em elucidar esse tópico a partir do ponto de vista do "Satya-siddhi-śāstra". Parte-se aqui de uma consideração metodológica referente ao problema das múltiplas tradições intelectuais do universo budista, desenvolvendo-se uma análise do conceito das "Duas Verdades" presente no "Satya-siddhi-śāstra". ABSTRACT This article hopes to analyze the topic of the "Two truths" in the history of Buddhist thought. The subject is to elucidate this (...) topic from the point of view of the "Satya-siddhi-śāstra". The starting point is the methodological considerations concerning the multiple intellectual traditions present in the Buddhist universe developing an analysis of the "Two truths" as present in the "Satya-siddhi-śāstra". (shrink)

Introduction -- Overview of ethical thought -- Historical and theoretical rising of human rights and their international codification and protection -- Ethics of recognition -- Human dignity principle -- Other principles -- A changed and changing legal landscape -- Answering some questions -- Conclusion.