Authoritative school climate is a relevant and novel construct that improves the academic performance and social-emotional development of students. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of reliability and validity of the Authoritative School Climate Survey (ASCS) in a sample of Chilean adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 808 students from 12 schools in Chile participated (55.1% men and 44.9% women), with a mean age of 15.94 (SD= 1.32). The results obtained through exploratory and confirmatory factor (...) analyzes ratified the hypothesized structure of two correlated factors. As expected, evidence of criterion validity showed significant relationships between the measures of authoritative school climate and attitude toward institutional authority. This study provides evidence regarding the psychometric quality of the scale to assess authoritative school climate, allowing its use in the Chilean context. (shrink)

Este libro ofrece una imprescindible riqueza de perspectivas sobre el aspecto más problemático -que coincide con el menos tratado por los investigadores. de la obra de F. Nietzsche (1844-1990): la cuestión política. Nuestro reto de cara al Centenario de su muerte fue encarar lo que suele escamotearse. Y, al menos en este país, así ha sido por regla general. bien porque Nietzsche era "apolítico", otra forma más, como en el caso de otros pensadores, de situarlo universitariamente a la derecha, ángulo (...) desde el que se le importaba, ya porque, consigna progresista y transición filosófica, había que poner esta última interpretación en su sitio y demostrarle al mundo que Nietzsche había sido "utilizado erróneamente" por el totalitarismo nazi, el caso es que ya porque nos repugnaba moralmente aquella lectura, ya porque de tanto estar en favor de Nietzsche tampoco lo leíamos, cuestiones fundamentales de su obra y, por qué no decirlo, irritantes tanto para la derecho como para la izquierda, quedaron piadosamente salvadas. Y ahora ¿qué?... Los trabajos aquí presentados, nacionales e internacionales, han sido rigurosamente seleccionados. (shrink)

Inauguration speech at chair number 18 of the Brasilian Academy of Philosophy.

This paper investigates some classical oppositional categories, like synthetic vs. analytic, posterior vs. prior, imagination vs. grammar, metaphor vs. hermeneutics, metaphysics vs. observation, innovation vs. routine, and image vs. sound, and the role they play in epistemology and philosophy of science. The epistemological framework of objective cognitive constructivism is of special interest in these investigations. Oppositional relations are formally represented using algebraic lattice structures like the cube and the hexagon of opposition, with applications in the contexts of modern color theory, (...) Kantian philosophy, Jungian psychology, and linguistics. (shrink)

Filosofía latinoamericana es para mí una expresión que describe un estilo de reflexión, esto es, la manera como el filósofo responde a las exigencias de su situación con los elementos que tiene 'a la mano' comprendiendo, es decir, creando proyectos. Permítanme aclarar lo que entiendo por estilo.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

1. Modern science in historical perspective -- On the origins of modern science -- The post-Renaissance revolution : the New Science -- Frank Sherwood Taylor : the man who was converted by Galileo -- The limits of science -- Proofs and demonstrations -- On the intelligibility of Quantum Mechanics -- Uncertainty, incompleteness, chance, and design -- A Finite, Open and Contingent Universe -- 2. On the origin and development of life -- A brief history of evolutionary thought -- Life's intelligible (...) design -- What are the contributions of Genetics to the understanding of life? -- On the Human Genome in contrast to the Great Apes Genome -- On The Evolution Controversy -- Scientific critiques of Darwinism -- 3. Beyond nature and history -- The religion of Darwinism -- On the riddle of man's origin -- On science, history and free will -- Science and Faith -- Concluding remarks. (shrink)

According to Michael Thompson’s defence of neo-Aristotelian naturalism in meta-ethics, (i) ‘[t]he concept LIFE-FORM is a pure or a priori, perhaps a logical, concept’, and (ii) ‘[t]he concept HUMAN, as we human beings have it, is an a priori concept’ (p. 57). Here I show Thompson’s argument for (ii) to be unsound, hoping thereby to shed light on the neglected subject of the a prioricity of concepts more generally.

Seeing total darkness is a peculiar perceptual state: in it, the subject is visually aware of something while seeming to fail to be aware of anything. Recent treatments of the topic (Sorensen 2008, Soteriou 2000) leave this particular puzzle unsolved. Here, I attempt a solution. Following Dretske, I begin by suggesting that the perceptual report ‘S sees (total) darkness’ is ambiguous between two distinct kinds of perceptual states: epistemic and non-epistemic. This will lead to an examination of the metaphysics of (...) what is supposed to be seen. I show, on the one hand, the difficulty of reducing the perception of total darkness to the perception of a particular instantiation of a property, and on the other, that it has important similarities with the perception of (non-particular) ‘stuff’. I propose, finally, that the solution to the puzzle might involve postulating a novel ontological status for total darkness: that of a ‘concrete universal’. Potential implications of interest for particularism and for naïve realism are suggested. (shrink)

O gás sarin no metrô de Tóquio, as 'balas perdidas' no Rio de Janeiro e os ataques terroristas às torres gêmeas em Nova York ou ao transporte coletivo em Madri e Londres revelam que nossa sociedade interdependente é muito vulnerável.

De la materia del sueño nace de un esfuerzo de síntesis entre dos orientaciones vitales. Por un lado, en el plano poético, la poesía y los medios por los que esta logra extenderse en la vida cotidiana a partir de la experiencia de lo maravilloso; por otro, en el plano político, las potencialidades de la Utopía como medio de reactivación del imaginario revolucionario. Es ahí, y no en otra parte, donde debe enmarcarse este ensayo. Si no fuera porque ellos nunca (...) hablaron previamente, podríamos decir que en este libro está basada la última película de Jan Švankmajer, Sobreviviendo a la vida (Teoría y práctica). (shrink)

A INTERFERÊNCIA DO PODER EXECUTIVO NOS ORÇAMENTOS DO PODER JUDICIÁRIO E DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO: SEPARAÇÃO DOS PODERES E IMPACTOS NO EXERCÍCIO DE SUAS FUNÇÕES INSTITUCIONAIS.

This article offers a philological commentary on the ‘Calpurnia Cycle’ present within the letters composed by Pliny the Younger, concentrating particularly on the analysis of Ep. 7.5. The author behaves like a true elegiac lover and a loving husband, since the letters that he writes to his wife Calpurnia can be set in the context of the elegiac genre, given the lexicon and motifs present in them. Calpurnia is transformed into a scripta puella not in the sense of a metaphorical (...) figure, but in the sense of ‘literary material’. The aim is to adapt the elegiac motifs to his declared intention of creating a positive image of his persona in the world and for posterity (immortalitas) through the Epistulae. Although Pliny presents himself as similis excluso amatori, albeit while innovatively setting the scene at midday, his interest is not in the typical elegiac conduct of militia or servitium amoris, which would run counter to his self-presentation as an active and politically engaged citizen; rather, his theme is the praise of the beloved and reflections upon his own importance as a poet. (shrink)

A long‐standing aim of cinema – in particular of ‘extreme’, ‘unwatchable’ or ‘feel‐ bad’ cinema – has been to acquaint viewers with extreme suffering. In this article I first offer an explication of that aim in terms of recent work in philosophy of mind, then exploit the resulting framework to examine claims to the effect that a new technological development, Virtual Reality, provides cinema's best shot at achieving that aim.

This article addresses the need to interpret Latin American philosophy from its narrative experience. To do this, we must grasp the reflective style of Latin America as a way of cultural configuration and as a symbol work of its own. In addition, to identify Latin American philosophy as a tactic to respond and resist the strategy of the European hegemonic power is essential. Finally, it is argued it is not possible to think of Latin American identity without practicing a political (...) ethic which transposes the figures of narratives with the figures of history to the justice demand situation in which we find ourselves. (shrink)

El día 27 de febrero de 2013 se llevó a cabo en la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana el homenaje académico en honor de la vida y trayectoria intelectual del profesor Guillermo Hoyos Vásquez. Su reciente deceso, el 5 de enero de 2013, y sus contribuciones a la academia colombiana fueron las razones para que amigos, alumnos y compañeros de trabajo dedicaran toda una jornada a recordar las anécdotas y enseñanzas del profesor Hoyos. Como resultado de ese evento, la Vicerrectoría Académica y (...) la Vicerrectoría de Investigación de la Universidad Javeriana se han unido en este proyecto editorial que recoge las intervenciones que se realizaron en este homenaje, con el fin de llevar a un público más amplio una de las vidas y obras intelectuales que han marcado a una generación de científicos sociales y filósofos colombianos. (shrink)