This study aimed to develop the Three-Dimensional Filial Piety Scale and explore its psychometric properties. Based on Wang’s Three-Dimensional Filial Piety Model, our study employed a review of the current literature, in-depth interviews, and feedback from experts and the target group. An initial 36-item scale using a bipolar Likert 6-point rating scale was developed. Then item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted with sample 1 (n = 617) to explore the dimensions and final items, and a 15-item scale with (...) three factors was obtained. After that, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to validate the 3-factor structure obtained through exploratory factor analysis with sample 2 (n = 585). Next, we tested criterion-related validity with sample 3 (n = 248) and test-retest reliability with sample 4 (n = 67). The results supported the model on which this scale was based and showed three dimensions of filial piety, namely the balance of interests, good affections, and family role norms. As a valid, reliable scale, the Three-Dimensional Filial Piety Scale can therefore be used in the Chinese context to measure filial piety for people of different genders, ages, and cohabitation situations. (shrink)

ObjectiveTo elucidate the clinical, radiologic characteristics of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) associated with the other diseases.Materials and methodsClinical data were retrospectively collected from hospitalized patients with LHON associated with the other diseases at the Neuro-Ophthalmology Department at the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital (PLAGH) from December 2014 to October 2018.ResultsA total of 13 patients, 24 eyes (10 men and 3 women; mean age, 30.69 ± 12.76 years) with LHON mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, were included in the cohort. 14502(5)11778(4)11778 (...) &11696(1)12811(1)11696(1)3460(1). One patient was positive for aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab), and two were positive for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab). Three patients were associated with idiopathic optic neuritis (ON). Two patients were with compression optic neuropathy. Three patients were with the central nervous system (CNS) diseases. One patient was with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and one with idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome (IOIS). At the onset, visual acuity (VA) in eighteen eyes was below 0.1, one eye was 0.5, five eyes were above 0.5, while VA in sixteen eyes was below a 0.1 outcome, three eyes experienced moderate vision loss. MRI images showed T2 lesions and enhancement in nine patients who received corticosteroids treatment; additional immune modulators treatment was performed on two patients. None of the patients had relapse during the follow-up time.ConclusionLeber’s hereditary optic neuropathy can be accompanied with multiple-related diseases, especially different subtypes of ON, which were also exhibited with IOIS and compression optic neuropathy for the first time in this cohort. This condition may be a distinct entity with an unusual clinical and therapeutic profile. (shrink)

PurposeTo investigate spontaneous brain activity in patients with dry eye and healthy control using the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation technique with the aim of elucidating the relationship between the clinical symptoms of DE and changes in brain function.Material and MethodsA total of 28 patients with DE and 28 matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in both groups. Then all subjects were required to complete a comprehensive Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Receiver (...) operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the differences in fALFF values between the two groups and their diagnostic value. Linear correlations between HADS and fALFF values in different brain regions of DE patients were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsPatients with DE had significantly higher fALFF values in the left calcarine sulcus than the HC group, while fALFF values in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right MFG/right inferior frontal gyrus were significantly lower in DE patients than in HC group. fALFF values had a high diagnostic value for differentiating patients with DE from the HC group. Right MFG and right MFG/IFG were significantly correlated with HADS values.ConclusionOur study found that DE mainly involved functional disorders in the brain areas of the left CS, bilateral MFG and right MFG/right IFG, which helped us to find possible clinical features of DE disease and reflected the potential pathological mechanism of DE. (shrink)

本书以马克思主义历史观为主线,对当今时代一些重大问题及围绕这些问题所形成的思潮和学派,进行了探讨和评介。.

數十年來，學術界在西方建構的知識體系底下看似健康地成長茁壯，社會（科）學也不例外。但讓人難以理解的是，身為古典社會學三大家，且至今仍是全球最具影響力的學者韋伯（Max Weber）對於東方社會的描繪，與經驗事實並不相符，存在著巨大落差。更讓人不解的則是，東方（尤其是中國）知識份子奉韋伯之說法為圭臬，當他們面向西方時，讚嘆著歐洲經濟、科技，與社會思潮的進步，幾乎完全地 失去了批判能力；面向東方時，反而極具信心地全盤否定其傳統，並視之為進步的阻礙。 本書完整地將韋伯重要之著作、概念工具、歷史比較方法，以及對東方（特別是中國）的「理解」逐一詳實論證，期待讀者能從此書中得到些許啟發，進而修正過去被誤導的歷史觀與世界觀。.

1912年到2014年，這一百年間的華人哲學思想，包含了佛學、新儒學、新小說、美學、新史學，以及原創性的概念系統創造。在本書之中，介紹了數十位相關領域的作者，表現出華人在這一個世紀裡勇於創造的精神。 在近百年的過程中，華人面對的創作環境，不管在時代上、環境上，乃至於文字的運用上，都有著極大的困難與挑戰，這使得華人世界的百年哲學很難有良好的創作環境，嚴格說來，必須等到1980年代以後才有稍微完整的創 作條件。然而，公元兩千年以後，晚期資本主義又對人文環境帶來了巨大的摧殘作用，使得哲學創作者生存更加不易，凡是能被收集在本書之中的思想家，或能作為被我們討論的任何一位作者，都值得致敬。 第一章、從晚清經世派之實用傾向與工具理性哲學觀念 到中體西用的洋務運動途程 第二章、跨世紀轉型時期的宏大哲學思想論述者 ──從嚴復到魯迅 第三章、胡適、顧頡剛、錢穆、傅斯年、陳寅恪、郭沫若、 洪業等新時代史學家在哲學上的貢獻 第四章、當代哲學家的方法論反省 ──六種當代中國哲學創造轉化代表性型態的分析 第五章、德西達的「解構」與歐崇敬的「新解構」 ──二十一世紀的新原創性思想 第六章、馬森存在主義小說的哲學分析 第七章、傅偉勳的哲學思想 第八章、陳映真前期作品解析 ──以〈我的弟弟康雄〉、〈鄉村的教師〉、〈故鄉〉、〈蘋 果樹〉、〈悽慘的無言的嘴〉、〈兀自照耀著的太陽〉為 討論核心 第九章、「異鄉的存在」與「物化之虛無」的〈山路〉左翼政治思想 第十章、從解構主義的觀點看陳映真中後期作品解析 第十一章、虛無主義對抗傳統主義 ──論宋澤萊〈弱小民族〉的哲學思想.

v. 1. Ji nian juan = Annals -- v. 2. Ji shi juan = Chronicles -- v. 3-4. Xue an juan = Academics.

Di 1 juan. Zhu zhang juan -- Di 2 juan. Xue shi juan -- Di 3 juan. Shi ji juan.

1. Juan shou -- 2. Da zong hu zhi yi -- 3. Da zong hu zhi er -- 3. Linyi hu. Mengcun hu -- 4. Daogou hu -- 6. Tengyang hu zhi yi -- 7. Tengyang hu zhi er -- 8. Jiu Xian hu -- 9. Zhongji hu -- 10. Caizhuang hu. Daizhuang hu. Liyuan hu -- 11. Shizhuang hu. Sibei hu -- 12. Dianbei hu. Xiguo hu -- 13. Xianyuan hu. Quannan hu. Qiwang hu. Chengguo hu -- 14. (...) Miaokong hu. Wenxian hu. Yibei hu -- 15. Hongmen hu. Shi Cun hu. Luxian hu. Yiyang hu. Kong Cun hu. Wangtang hu. Xiaozhuang hu. Gongduan hu -- 16. Huadian hu -- 17. Gucheng hu. Gangshan hu -- 18. Lucheng hu zhi yi -- 19. Lucheng hu zhi er -- 20. Kongtun hu. Xicheng hu. Jiucheng hu -- 21. Lüguan hu zhi yi -- 22. Lüguan hu zhi er -- 23. Lüguan hu zhi san -- 24. Lüguan hu zhi si -- 25. Linqian hu. Fangxi hu. Linmen hu -- 26. Guanzhuang hu. Daxue hu -- 27. Guangwen hu -- 28. Xiaoxue hu. Taole hu. Beigong hu -- 29. Zhifang hu. Dongzhuang hu. Fangshang hu. Gaozhuang hu. Nangong hu -- 30. Xing Cun hu. Guliu hu. Wu Sun hu. Dong Cun hu. Mozhuang hu -- 31. Zhangqu hu. Xizou hu -- 32. Xilin hu. Linxi hu -- 33. Nanzong pai -- 34. Jiangxi Xinjian zhi. Sichuan Langzhong zhi. Zhejiang Wenling zhi. Zhejiang Qiantang zhi -- 35. Qingping Kongzhuang zhi. Guangdong Nanhai Dali zhi. Henan Taikang zhi --. (shrink)

Di 1-2 juan. Xi fang si chao -- di 3-4 juan. Zhongguo wen xue -- di 5-6 juan. Zhongguo xi ju.

Shang juan. Li shi juan = The volume of historical institutions -- xia juan. Jing shen juan = The volume of ethical spirit.

Han Wei liang Jin Nan Bei chao fo jiao shi -- Wei Jin xuan xue lun gao -- Ping jin ren zhi wen hua yan jiu -- Wen hua si xiang zhi chong tu yu tiao he.

[v. 1] Shang gu juan -- [v. 2] Zhong gu juan -- [v. 3] Jin gu juan -- [v. 4] Jin dai juan -- [v. 5] Xian dai juan.