Parmi les philosophes français, on en rencontre assez souvent qui ne veulent considérer que ce qu'ils tiennent pour l'apport fondamental de Heidegger à la philosophie, à l'exclusion de toute considération politique ou morale. On reconnaîtra également, parmi leurs compatriotes philosophes, ceux qui tiennent ce penseur pour le plus grand du siècle, sans toutefois admettre que son adhésion passagère aux théories nazies ait pu déteindre sur son oeuvre. Ils tiennent le philosophe pour un être dont la pensée ne se confond en (...) rien avec ses actes. Enfin, moins nombreux sont les philosophes français qui rejettent l'idée absurde de l'indifférence de la pensée aux actes, et qui relèvent tout au long de l'oeuvre la présence avérée des concepts principaux, fondateurs du national-socialisme. Ils mettent au grand jour la passion qui hante l'âme allemande de l'extrême droite, attachée à l'idée du grand retour à l'extrême conservatisme allemand pré-nazi. Ces catégories, la première et la seconde seulement, ne sont pas hermétiques ; on circule aisément de l'une à l'autre à travers le temps ou au hasard des pages d'un même écrit. La publication des Cahiers noirs rend néanmoins ces postures intenables. Il demeure, phénomène inexplicable, des admirateurs inconditionnels qui persistent à assurer la garde du grand philosophe de génie."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

Cette lettre, publiée ici pour la première fois en français, dans sa version originale, a été envoyée par Jean Wahl à Martin Heidegger le 12 décembre 1937. Elle répond à une lettre que Heidegger avait écrite à Wahl une semaine plus tôt au sujet des thèses de Wahl dans la célèbre conférence « Subjectivité et transcendance ». [1] Dans cette conférence, qui a été décrite comme « un tournant dans l’histoire intellectuelle du XXe siècle », [2] Wahl s’interrogeait, (...) entre autres, sur la mesure dans laquelle la philosophie pouvait fournir une théorie générale des intuitions d’existences particulières telles que Kierkegaard ou Nietzsche. En d’autres termes, une philosophie de l’existence était-elle possible, ou ces existences elles-mêmes n’étaient-elles pas « à la fois plus ‘existentielles’ et plus vraiment philosophiques que les philosophies de l’existence »? [3] Dans sa réponse, Heidegger déclarait que sa propre pensée ne pouvait être qualifiée de philosophie de l’existence, car elle ne s’occupait de l’être humain que dans la mesure où celui-ci pouvait éclairer l’être lui-même. Wahl, cependant, n’était pas convaincu, et dans la lettre publiée ici, il défend à la fois sa décision d’appeler Heidegger un philosophe de l’existence et propose plusieurs objections à la manière dont Heidegger essaie de répondre à la question de l’être. (shrink)

While the formulation of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's theory of flow, including the experience dimensions, has remained stable since its introduction in 1975, its dedicated measurement tools, research methodologies, and fields of application, have evolved considerably. Among these, education stands out as one of the most active. In recent years, researchers have examined flow in the context of other theoretical constructs such as motivation. The resulting work in the field of education has led to the development of a new model for understanding (...) flow experience in education, specifically dedicated to adult learning. As a result of both a meticulous analysis of existing models and consideration of more recent developments, a new flow scale has thus been developed. The aim of this study is therefore twofold: to validate the new flow measurement scale dedicated to the educational environment, EduFlow-2, and to test a new theoretical model. Students taking a course, some on-site and others in a MOOC, participated. Several scales were administered online at the end of the participants' course during the 2017 academic year. The factor structure of EduFlow-2 was tested using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling. Several models were tested. The model with a second-order factor best fit the data. We tested the invariance of the flow scale measure for gender and for the type of training. We were able to show that the flow scale is invariant of the modalities of these two variables. Results revealed good psychometric qualities for the scale, making it suitable for both on-site and distance learning. The analysis also revealed significant relationships with the classic variables of motivation, self-efficacy, learning climate, and life satisfaction. Furthermore, all four dimensions of the model were found to be adequate and consistent with the underlying theoretical arguments. In the end, this new, short flow scale and the theoretical model were demonstrated to be promising for future studies in the field of education. (shrink)

Institutions in France are not yet well prepared to respond to allegations of scientific misconduct. Following a serious allegation in late 1997. INSERM,* the primary organization for medical and health-related research in France, began to reflect on this subject, aided by scientists and jurists. The conclusions have resulted in establishing a procedure to be followed in cases of alleged misconduct, and also in reinforcing the application of good laboratory practices within each laboratory. Guidelines for authorship practices and scientific assessment must (...) also be considered. Even though each institution must remain responsible for responding to allegations of scientific misconduct within its doors, INSERM would like to see national, European, and international co-ordination about the methods of such response. (shrink)

Tous les textes publiés dans l'ouvrage parlent directement de l'œuvre de Jean-Michel Berthelot. La première partie, " Sociologie de Jean-Michel Berthelot ", rassemble les contributions restituant des traits de son œuvre à l'aide d'études de cas précis ou de panoramas plus larges, et balise des domaines de recherche dans lesquels il s'est illustré : sociologie de l'éducation, du corps, des sciences, épistémologie des sciences sociales. La deuxième partie rend compte des perspectives ouvertes par ses travaux et de la (...) manière dont des chercheurs ont mis en œuvre ses réflexions pour leurs propres recherches. Il s'agit donc de restituer la façon dont on peut faire de la sociologie " avec " Jean-Michel Berthelot - à l'aide de ses travaux et des jalons qu'ils posent. La troisième partie est biographique en restituant l'itinéraire académique, intellectuel et humain de Berthelot, que ce soit son parcours universitaire et social, notamment à l'ENS durant mai 68, ou encore sa période " toulousaine " où sa carrière universitaire a débuté et qui en constitue une partie essentielle. Dirigé par Jean-Christophe Marcel et Olivier Martin, cet ouvrage rassemble les contributions de collaborateurs, d'anciens étudiants ou de proches collègues de Jean-Michel Berthelot. (shrink)

Information?rich environments are created to promote data use in schools for the purpose of self?evaluation and quality assurance. However, providing feedback does not guarantee that schools will actually put it to use. One of the main stumbling blocks relates to the interpretation and diagnosis of the information. This study examines the relationship between data literacy competences, support given in interpreting the information, actual use of the feedback and potential school improvement effect. A randomised field experiment with 188 school principals from (...) primary education was set up and a post?test was used to investigate the effects of a support initiative. The results revealed that a minority of schools invested significantly in the interpretation and diagnosis of the school performance feedback (SPF), despite the fact that most of the respondents showed an interest in the SPF report. In addition, data competence support and the subsequent use of feedback were found to be limited. (shrink)

Why Tarde is interested by Leibnitz’s monads ? That they come to make in the analysis of the social field ? The concept of monad, be necessary as a refutation of the slowness of the Cartesian mechanism. By vitalism immanent in the nature, the monadology distinguishes itself from any atomism. By considering that « The material is spirit, anything more » Tarde understands that any thing is already a society, showing a social link between the differences which it associates. All (...) is political in the composition of the least particle ; a molecular politics which spatters on the society, to undo the macroscopic forms of power. Where from the idea of one biopower. There are no cuts between technical production and natural generation. The machine which is not reduced in mechanics carries in him ecological affinities. (shrink)

Jean Beaufret n'est pas simplement un « disciple » de Martin Heidegger. C'est un penseur « de pointe » qui, en 1945, prend le risque de redonner du sens à une « raison » atomisée par une guerre totale, en s'engageant dans une pensée « autre », qui rétrocède vers la provenance grecque de la ratio. C'est le sens de son « dialogue » avec M. Heidegger. Jean Beaufret was not merely a « disciple » of (...) class='Hi'>Martin Heidegger. He was a « forward » thinker, who, in 1945, was bold enough to rethink a reason pulverized in a total war, by engaging himself in an « other » thought, which undertakes a step back towards the Greek origin of ratio. And such is the meaning of his « dialogue » with M. Heidegger. (shrink)

This article presents some ongoing work that is part of a project on classroom-based research into CL-oriented activities for teaching/learning phrasal verbs in English. Framed in a three-month longitudinal study, this investigation reports on the design, implementation, and assessment of CL-oriented activities aiming at fostering awareness of the meaning of the particles IN/OUT and UP/DOWN with intermediate-level Spanish speakers of English (N=81). Results were described concerning two different methods used to measure students’ learning gains: feedback from the classroom and formal (...) assessment. Findings are discussed regarding the mismatch between results reported from the classroom and quantitative results. (shrink)

In this paper, we formulate a procedure for assessing reasoning as it is expressed in natural arguments. The procedure is a specification of one of the three aspects of argumentation assessment distinguished in the Comprehensive Assessment Procedure for Natural Argumentation that makes use of the argument categorisation framework of the Periodic Table of Arguments. The theoretical framework and practical application of both the CAPNA and the PTA are described, as well as the evaluation procedure that combines the two. The procedure (...) is illustrated through an evaluation of the reasoning of two example arguments from a recently published text. (shrink)

Si les interprétations de ce qu'il est convenu de nommer la « dernière philosophie » de Heidegger sont aujourd'hui monnaie courante, non sans risque d'inflation parfois quand on les lie sans précaution à l'engagement politique de l'auteur de Sein und Zeit, personne pourtant n'avait jusqu'ici pris le risque d'aborder la question controversée du « tournant » de front. Les différences évidentes entre un Heidegger I, parti de la phénoménologie pour revenir à une « ontologie fondamentale », et relevant encore à (...) ce titre de la philosophie, et un Heidegger II, voué désormais à une « autre pensée » réfractaire à l'élaboration conceptuelle, sinon à une sorte de mysticisme poétique, paraissent si tranchées à la plupart des commentateurs qu'ils entérinent sans plus attendre une telle division. Celle-ci a d'ailleurs été accréditée par l'auteur lui-même qui, le premier, mentionna l'existence d'un « tournant » de sa propre pensée, en termes réservés toutefois, sinon énigmatiques. (shrink)

Anomie is a condition in which normative guidelines for governing conduct are absent. Using survey data from a sample of U.S. manufacturing firms, we explore the impact of internal (cultural) and external (environmental) determinants of organizational anomie. We suggest that four internal organizational factors can generate or suppress organizational anomie, including strategic aggressiveness, long-term orientation, competitor orientation, and strategic flexibility. Similarly, we argue that external contextual factors, including competitive intensity and technological turbulence, can influence organizational anomie. We extend anomie and (...) ethics research by considering the impact of these firm cultural and environmental factors according to whether firms are publicly-traded or privately-held. Findings demonstrate that a number of firm cultural and environmental factors can generate or reduce anomie in firms. Moreover, strategic aggressiveness, long-term orientation, and strategic flexibility influence organizational anomie differently depending on whether the firm is publicly-traded or privately-held. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings are discussed. (shrink)

Cette œuvre de Martin Heidegger constitue l'étape ultime d'un long itinéraire de pensée. Commencé en 1916 (Doctrine des catégories et de la signification), il s'est révélé de plus en plus distinctement, au cours des années et des œuvres, comme orienté vers la relation qu'entretiennent, depuis leur origine, être et parole. Six textes jalonnent cet acheminement : La parole, La parole dans le poème, D'un entretien de la parole, Le déploiement de la parole, Le poème, Le mot, Le chemin vers (...) la parole (quatre conférences, un essai et un dialogue). Le titre nomme une insigne expérience de la parole. Comprenons d'abord : l'expérience que fait la pensée face à la parole. " Faire une expérience, dit le livre, c'est atteindre quelque chose en passant par un chemin. " Ce qui est atteint dans cet acheminement de la pensée à la parole, c'est une vue de la parole. En cette vue, la parole ne se distingue plus de son déploiement, de la manière dont elle vient à être. Acheminement vers la parole, dès lors, ne signifie plus l'itinéraire emprunté par la pensée pour venir en face de la parole, mais, à proprement parler, le " mouvement " dont la parole est l'aboutissement. Tout le livre culmine dans la tentative de dire la nature de ce " mouvement ", autrement dit : comment s'appelle cela, qui chaque fois et toujours s'achemine vers la parole. (shrink)

In this paper, we use a pseudo-algorithmic procedure for assessing an AI-generated text. We apply the Comprehensive Assessment Procedure for Natural Argumentation in evaluating the arguments produced by an Artificial Intelligence text generator, GPT-3, in an opinion piece written for the Guardian newspaper. The CAPNA examines instances of argumentation in three aspects: their Process, Reasoning and Expression. Initial Analysis is conducted using the Argument Type Identification Procedure to establish, firstly, that an argument is present and, secondly, its specific type in (...) terms of the argument classification framework of the Periodic Table of Arguments. Procedural Questions are then used to test the acceptability of the argument in each of the three aspects. The analysis shows that while the arguments put forward by the AI text generator are varied in terms of their type and follow familiar patterns of human reasoning, they contain obvious weaknesses. From this we can conclude that the automated generation of persuasive, well-reasoned argumentation is a far more difficult task than the generation of meaningful language, and that if AI systems producing arguments are to be persuasive, they require a method of checking the plausibility of their own output. (shrink)

As the contemporary nation state order continues to produce genocide and destruction, and thereby refugees, and as the national and international landscape continues to see the existence of refugees as a political problem, Jean Améry’s 1966 essay “How Much Home Does a Person Need?” takes on a curious urgency. I say ‘curious’ because his own conclusions about the essay’s aims and accomplishments appear uncertain and oftentimes unclear. My aim in what follows, then, is twofold. First, I intend to make (...) clear the rich, suggestive, but perhaps underdeveloped phenomenological assumptions involved in this essay. Second, I want to show — but, unfortunately, only show —how these assumptions and Améry’s analysis points to a problem at the heart of contemporary conceptions of statehood, one which demands significantly more discussion. (shrink)

During the last forty years there has been a remarkable resurgence in interest by 16th-century historians in the Strasbourg Reformer, Martin Bucer. The components and originality of his thoughts and his actions, as well as the reality of his ideas are emerging more and more. This is largely due to the new edition of his works undertaken by an international committee, established in 1952. This edition is divided into three sections: _Opera Latina_ ; _Deutsche Schriften_ ; _Correspondance_. The present (...) second volume of the _Correspondance_ essentially covers five themes: 1) the controversies with the Roman church, 2) the evangelical propaganda, especially in the Roman speaking countries, 3) the sacramentarian dispute and the search for reconciliation, 4) the Peasant war and 5) the beginning of the anabaptist crisis. (shrink)

The article investigates the feasibility of district heating in a small town adjacent to a Kraft pulp mill in eastern Canada. A detailed heat demand analysis is performed for all buildings using a geographical information system and archived data provided by the municipality. The study shows that the entire space heating requirement of the town can be supplied by steam from the mill, even during exceptional peak demands. A screening test based on load density indicators, however, reveals that a district (...) heating serving the entire town would probably not be economically viable. An economic analysis of partial districts show that a district covering about half of the town can be economically viable with a proper balance between the price of the steam sold by the mill to the district operator and the cost of the energy sold to customers. (shrink)